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Results show that palate-relative coordinate spaces decouple mechanical dependencies present in the tongue, while maintaining low-level kinematic properties. They additionally preserve the 1\/3 power law for speed and curvature observed across many motor systems. Finally, it is shown that tongue movements in a palate relative coordinate space more closely correspond to their optimal, jerk-minimized trajectories. These results suggest that this type of coordinate space provides a closer match to higher level motor-planning, in line with production models that specify control units in terms of vocal tract constriction parameters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4836515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,14]],"date-time":"2014-01-14T23:22:44Z","timestamp":1389741764000},"page":"352-361","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Tongue kinematics in palate relative coordinate spaces for electro-magnetic articulography"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Chris","family":"Neufeld","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Linguistics, University of Maryland , 1401 Marie Mount Hall, College Park, Maryland 20742"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"van Lieshout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto , 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1V7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"231","reference":[{"key":"2023071501155810000_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1121\/1.412945","article-title":"Variability in the production of quantal vowels revisited","volume":"97","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. 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