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The remaining five quantities were derived from the ear-canal pressure and the Th\u00e9venin-equivalent source characteristics of the probe: Forward pressure, initial forward pressure, the pressure transmitted into the middle ear, eardrum sound pressure estimated by summing the magnitudes of the forward and reverse pressure (integrated pressure) and absorbed power. Two sets of behavioral thresholds were measured in 26 subjects from 0.125 to 20\u2009kHz, with the probe inserted at relatively deep and shallow positions in the ear canal. The greatest dependence on insertion depth was for transmitted pressure and absorbed power. The measures with the least dependence on insertion depth throughout the frequency range (best performance) included the depth-compensated simulator, eardrum, forward, and integrated pressures. Among these, forward pressure is advantageous because it quantifies stimulus phase.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4894787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,8]],"date-time":"2014-10-08T00:31:21Z","timestamp":1412728281000},"page":"1768-1787","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Comparison of nine methods to estimate ear-canal stimulus levels"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Natalie N.","family":"Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders and Knowles Hearing Center, , 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumitrajit","family":"Dhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders and Knowles Hearing Center, , 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen T.","family":"Neely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boys Town National Research Hospital , 555 North 30th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68131"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan H.","family":"Siegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders and Knowles Hearing Center, , 2240 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"231","reference":[{"key":"2023073122530495100_c1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-50038-1_6","article-title":"Measurement of eardrum acoustic impedance","volume-title":"Peripheral Auditory Mechanisms","author":"Allen","year":"1986"},{"key":"2023073122530495100_c2","volume-title":"Method for Coupler Calibration of Earphones","author":"American National Standards Institute","year":"1995"},{"key":"2023073122530495100_c3","volume-title":"Occluded Ear Simulator","author":"American National Standards Institute","year":"2009"},{"key":"2023073122530495100_c4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3523476","article-title":"Auditory filter shapes and high-frequency hearing in adults who have impaired speech in noise performance despite clinically normal audiograms","volume":"129","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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