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Model parameters were fitted to published measurements of energy reflectance (0.25\u201313\u2009kHz), equivalent input impedance at the eardrum (0.25\u201311\u2009kHz), temporal-bone pressure in scala vestibuli and scala tympani (0.1\u201311\u2009kHz), and reverse middle-ear impedance (0.25\u20138\u2009kHz). Inner-ear fluid motion included cochlear and physiological third-window pathways. The two-component eardrum with time delay helped fit intracochlear pressure responses. A multi-modal representation of the eardrum and high-frequency modeling of the middle-ear cleft helped fit ear-canal responses. Input reactance at the eardrum was small at high frequencies due to multiple modal resonances. The model predicted the middle-ear efficiency between ear canal and cochlea, and the cochlear pressures at threshold.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4916592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,20]],"date-time":"2015-05-20T00:30:20Z","timestamp":1432081820000},"page":"2698-2725","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Human middle-ear model with compound eardrum and airway branching in mastoid air cells"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Douglas H.","family":"Keefe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Boys Town National Research Hospital , 555 North 30th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68131"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"231","reference":[{"key":"2023080101273666600_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1564019","article-title":"Approximation of the Struve function h1 occurring in impedance calculations","volume":"113","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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