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Speech intelligibility was tested in experiment I, and in experiment II, perceived speech privacy, annoyance, and acoustic comfort of combined sounds with speech and background noise were assessed. The results show that speech privacy and annoyance were significantly influenced by the SNRA. In particular, the acoustic comfort was evaluated as acceptable when the SNRA was less than \u22126\u2009dB for both speech privacy and noise annoyance. In addition, annoyance increased significantly as the BNL exceeded 63 dBA, whereas the effect of the background-noise level on the speech privacy was not significant. These findings suggest that an optimal level of interior noise in a passenger car might exist between 59 and 63 dBA, taking normal speech levels into account.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4938223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,30]],"date-time":"2015-12-30T18:00:39Z","timestamp":1451498439000},"page":"3976-3984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Speech privacy and annoyance considerations in the acoustic environment of passenger cars of high-speed trains"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Jin Yong","family":"Jeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanyang University Department of Architectural Engineering, , Seoul 133-791, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joo Young","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanyang University Department of Architectural Engineering, , Seoul 133-791, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyung Suk","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanyang University Department of Architectural Engineering, , Seoul 133-791, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae Hyeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanyang University Department of Architectural Engineering, , Seoul 133-791, South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"231","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023071801554222000_c1","volume-title":"Methods for Calculation of the Speech Intelligibility Index","author":"ANSI","year":"1997"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023071801554222000_c2","first-page":"23","article-title":"The acoustical design of conventional open-plan offices","volume":"27","year":"2003","journal-title":"Can. 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