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Whereas modern imaging now allows for the noninvasive detection of vestibular schwannomas, imaging technology is not currently capable of detecting cochlear synaptopathy, the loss of the synaptic connections between the inner hair cells and afferent auditory nerve fibers. However, animal models indicate that the amplitude of the first wave of the ABR, a far-field evoked potential generated by the synchronous firing of auditory nerve fibers, is highly correlated with synaptic integrity. This has led to many studies investigating the use of the ABR as a metric of synaptopathy in humans. However, these studies have yielded mixed results, leading to a lack of consensus about the utility of the ABR as an indicator of synaptopathy. This review summarizes the animal and human studies that have investigated the ABR as a measure of cochlear synaptic function, discusses factors that may have contributed to the mixed findings and the lessons learned, and provides recommendations for future use of this metric in the research and clinical settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0007484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T13:28:30Z","timestamp":1640179710000},"page":"4440-4451","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Use of the auditory brainstem response for assessment of cochlear synaptopathy in humans"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Naomi F.","family":"Bramhall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs (VA) Rehabilitation Research & Development Service (RR&D) National Center for Rehabilitative Auditory Research (NCRAR) , VA Portland Health Care System Portland, Oregon 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"231","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023080420242568300_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.02.031","article-title":"Non-invasive assays of cochlear synaptopathy\u2014Candidates and considerations","volume":"407","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2023080420242568300_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00026","article-title":"Cochlear neuropathy and the coding of supra-threshold sound","volume":"8","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. 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