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For assessment of environmental noise and stress, repeated sampling in blood, saliva, or urine is necessary to evaluate the association between environmental noise exposure and protracted changes in cortisol. Controlling for the many variables that influence the secretion of cortisol at discrete sampling intervals is challenging. Studies suggest that systemically produced cortisol integrates and remains in hair as it grows, providing a measure that integrates a cortisol response over a longer period, circumventing several limitations associated with multiple sampling. Robust evidence supports the integration of cortisol into hair, yet recent studies call into question the notion that cortisol is retained with growth. The current paper discusses the strengths and limitations of hair cortisol analysis with an emphasis on its utility as a measure of chronic stress in environmental noise studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0012887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T14:29:51Z","timestamp":1659450591000},"page":"866-876","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Hair cortisol as a viable tool for the assessment of an association between environmental noise exposure and chronic stress"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"152","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6936-3342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David S.","family":"Michaud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Canada, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau 1 , 775 Brookfield Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 1C1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Errol M.","family":"Thomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Canada, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau 2 , 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Priya","family":"van Oosterhout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University 3 , 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James P.","family":"McNamee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Canada, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau 1 , 775 Brookfield Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 1C1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"231","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2023081004110654000_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000323","article-title":"Sleep deprivation: A mind-body approach","volume":"22","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. 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