{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T08:47:04Z","timestamp":1778316424426,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706054400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":388,"URL":"https:\/\/publishing.aip.org\/authors\/rights-and-permissions"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015399","name":"Naval Information Warfare Systems Command","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009896","name":"U.S. Navy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009896","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>All species of toothed whales studied to date can learn to reduce their hearing sensitivity when warned of an impending intense sound; however, the specific conditions under which animals will employ this technique are not well understood. The present study was focused on determining whether dolphins would reduce their hearing sensitivity in response to an intense tone presented at a fixed rate but increasing level, without an otherwise explicit warning. Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) to intermittent, 57-kHz tone bursts were continuously measured in two bottlenose dolphins as they were exposed to a series of 2-s, 40-kHz tones at fixed time intervals of 20, 25, or 29\u2009s and at sound pressure levels (SPLs) increasing from 120 to 160\u2009dB re 1 \u03bcPa. Results from one dolphin showed consistent ABR attenuation preceding intense tones when the SPL exceeded \u223c140\u2013150\u2009dB re 1 \u03bcPa and the tone interval was 20\u2009s. ABR attenuation with 25- or 29-s intense tone intervals was inconsistent. The second dolphin showed similar, but more subtle, effects. The results show dolphins can learn the timing of repetitive noise and may reduce their hearing sensitivity if the SPL is high enough, presumably to \u201cself-mitigate\u201d the noise effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0016868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]],"date-time":"2023-01-24T13:29:40Z","timestamp":1674566980000},"page":"496-504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Dolphin conditioned hearing attenuation in response to repetitive tones with increasing level"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"153","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0969-8033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James J.","family":"Finneran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program, Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific 1 , Code 56710, 53560 Hull Street, San Diego, California 92152, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katelin","family":"Lally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Marine Mammal Foundation 2 , 2240 Shelter Island Drive #200, San Diego, California 92106, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3795-2083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madelyn G.","family":"Strahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Marine Mammal Foundation 2 , 2240 Shelter Island Drive #200, San Diego, California 92106, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyle","family":"Donohoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Marine Mammal Foundation 2 , 2240 Shelter Island Drive #200, San Diego, California 92106, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Mulsow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Marine Mammal Foundation 2 , 2240 Shelter Island Drive #200, San Diego, California 92106, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0960-8528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorian S.","family":"Houser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Marine Mammal Foundation 2 , 2240 Shelter Island Drive #200, San Diego, California 92106, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"231","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024012401042162900_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(84)90010-5","article-title":"Sound pressure level measurement and spectral analysis of brief acoustic transients","volume":"57","year":"1984","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr. 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