{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:13:30Z","timestamp":1777504410690,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","issue":"5","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DC-002717"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DC-002717"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Esophageal (ES) speech, tracheoesophageal (TE) speech, and the electrolarynx (EL) are common methods of communication following the removal of the larynx. Our recent study demonstrated that intelligibility may increase for Cantonese alaryngeal speakers using clear speech (CS) compared to their everyday \u201chabitual speech\u201d (HS), but the reasoning is still unclear [Hui, Cox, Huang, Chen, and Ng (2022). Folia Phoniatr. Logop. 74, 103\u2013111]. The purpose of this study was to assess the acoustic characteristics of vowels and tones produced by Cantonese alaryngeal speakers using HS and CS. Thirty-one alaryngeal speakers (9 EL, 10 ES, and 12 TE speakers) read The North Wind and the Sun passage in HS and CS. Vowel formants, vowel space area (VSA), speaking rate, pitch, and intensity were examined, and their relationship to intelligibility were evaluated. Statistical models suggest that larger VSAs significantly improved intelligibility, but slower speaking rate did not. Vowel and tonal contrasts did not differ between HS and CS for all three groups, but the amount of information encoded in fundamental frequency and intensity differences between high and low tones positively correlated with intelligibility for TE and ES groups, respectively. Continued research is needed to understand the effects of different speaking conditions toward improving acoustic and perceptual characteristics of Cantonese alaryngeal speech.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0019471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,22]],"date-time":"2023-05-22T11:37:47Z","timestamp":1684755467000},"page":"2973","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An acoustic study of Cantonese alaryngeal speech in different speaking conditions"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"153","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8473-0419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven R.","family":"Cox","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Adelphi University 1 , Garden City, New York 11530, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4734-3807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haskins Laboratories 2 , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Rong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haskins Laboratories 2 , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3174-8412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manwa L.","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech Science Laboratory, Faculty of Education, University of Hong Kong 3 , Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"231","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023081108210891500_c1","first-page":"31","article-title":"Tonal experiments with whispered Thai","volume-title":"Papers in Linguistics and Phonetics to the Memory of Pierre Delattre","author":"Albert","year":"1972"},{"key":"2023081108210891500_c2","first-page":"119","article-title":"The coarticulation of tones: An acoustic study of Thai","volume":"SR-44","year":"1975","journal-title":"Status. 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