{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T13:17:48Z","timestamp":1786540668458,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21-EB033150"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21-EB033150"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Lung ultrasound (LUS) is a widely used technique in clinical lung assessment, yet the relationship between LUS images and the underlying disease remains poorly understood due in part to the complexity of the wave propagation physics in complex tissue\/air structures. Establishing a clear link between visual patterns in ultrasound images and underlying lung anatomy could improve the diagnostic accuracy and clinical deployment of LUS. Reverberation that occurs at the lung interface is complex, resulting in images that require interpretation of the artifacts deep in the lungs. These images are not accurate spatial representations of the anatomy due to the almost total reflectivity and high impedance mismatch between aerated lung and chest wall. Here, we develop an approach based on the first principles of wave propagation physics in highly realistic maps of the human chest wall and lung to unveil a relationship between lung disease, tissue structure, and its resulting effects on ultrasound images. It is shown that Fullwave numerical simulations of ultrasound propagation and histology-derived acoustical maps model the multiple scattering physics at the lung interface and reproduce LUS B-mode images that are comparable to clinical images. However, unlike clinical imaging, the underlying tissue structure model is known and controllable. The amount of fluid and connective tissue components in the lung were gradually modified to model disease progression, and the resulting changes in B-mode images and non-imaging reverberation measures were analyzed to explain the relationship between pathological modifications of lung tissue and observed LUS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0021870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]],"date-time":"2023-10-18T12:33:54Z","timestamp":1697632434000},"page":"2410-2425","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Ultrasound imaging of lung disease and its relationship to histopathology: An experimentally validated simulation approach"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"154","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5200-5792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oleksii","family":"Ostras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University 1 , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7561-6489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ihor","family":"Shponka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Dnipro State Medical University 2 , Dnipro, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4896-1439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianmarco","family":"Pinton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University 1 , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"231","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2024091017455429200_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000558","article-title":"Ultrasound for \u2018lung monitoring\u2019 of ventilated patients","volume":"122","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024091017455429200_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11030439","article-title":"The role of transthoracic ultrasound in the study of interstitial lung diseases: High-resolution computed tomography versus ultrasound patterns: Our preliminary experience","volume":"11","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024091017455429200_c3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.13101","article-title":"Ultrasound mapping of lung changes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"14","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. 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