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Similarly, we hypothesize that the bipartite swim bladder of some species of toadfish (family Batrachoididae) is responsible for complex nonlinear characters of the multiple call types that they can produce, supported by nerve transection experiments. Here, we develop a low-dimensional coupled-oscillator model of the mechanics underlying sound production by the two halves of the swim bladder of the three-spined toadfish, Batrachomoeus trispinosus. Our model was able to replicate the nonlinear structure of both courtship and agonistic sounds. The results provide essential support for the hypothesis that fishes and tetrapods have converged in an evolutionary innovation for complex acoustic signaling, namely, a relatively simple bipartite mechanism dependent on sonic muscles contracting around a gas filled structure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0022386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T13:27:16Z","timestamp":1701264436000},"page":"3466-3478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sound production biomechanics in three-spined toadfish and potential functional consequences of swim bladder morphology in the Batrachoididae"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"154","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8841-0220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang Min","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University 1 , Ithaca, New York 14853, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University 2 , Ithaca, New York 14853, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce R.","family":"Land","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University 1 , Ithaca, New York 14853, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew H.","family":"Bass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University 2 , Ithaca, New York 14853, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8598-9705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron N.","family":"Rice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"K. Lisa Yang Center for Conservation Bioacoustics, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University 3 , Ithaca, New York 14850, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"231","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023112913265845900_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/S1095-6433(02)00143-5","article-title":"Tendon elasticity and muscle function","volume":"133","year":"2002","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A."},{"key":"2023112913265845900_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2003.1336","article-title":"Modelling approaches in biomechanics","volume":"358","year":"2003","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R Soc. 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