{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:40:07Z","timestamp":1787240407012,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DO1247\/8-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DO1247\/8-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SCHU3441\/3-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SCHU3441\/3-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Auditory perceptual evaluation is considered the gold standard for assessing voice quality, but its reliability is limited due to inter-rater variability and coarse rating scales. This study investigates a continuous, objective approach to evaluate hoarseness severity combining machine learning (ML) and sustained phonation. For this purpose, 635 acoustic recordings of the sustained vowel \/a\/ and subjective ratings based on the roughness, breathiness, and hoarseness scale were collected from 595 subjects. A total of 50 temporal, spectral, and cepstral features were extracted from each recording and used to identify suitable ML algorithms. Using variance and correlation analysis followed by backward elimination, a subset of relevant features was selected. Recordings were classified into two levels of hoarseness, H&amp;lt;2 and H\u22652, yielding a continuous probability score y\u0302\u2208[0,1]. An accuracy of 0.867 and a correlation of 0.805 between the model's predictions and subjective ratings was obtained using only five acoustic features and logistic regression (LR). Further examination of recordings pre- and post-treatment revealed high qualitative agreement with the change in subjectively determined hoarseness levels. Quantitatively, a moderate correlation of 0.567 was obtained. This quantitative approach to hoarseness severity estimation shows promising results and potential for improving the assessment of voice quality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0024341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T09:06:39Z","timestamp":1705655199000},"page":"381-395","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Machine learning based estimation of hoarseness severity using sustained vowels"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"155","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5019-6441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Schraut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg 1 , 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Sch\u00fctzenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg 1 , 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9405-4154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom\u00e1s","family":"Arias-Vergara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg 1 , 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9699-9941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melda","family":"Kunduk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Louisiana State University 2 , Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0095-5360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Echternach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen 3 , 81377 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2717-4820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"D\u00f6llinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg 1 , 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"231","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024011914063443500_c1","volume-title":"Stimmdiagnostik: Ein Leitfaden F\u00fcr Die Praxis (Voice Diagnostics: A Guide for Practice","year":"2013"},{"key":"2024011914063443500_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2014.11.001","article-title":"Assessment of voice quality: Current state-of-the-art","volume":"42","year":"2015","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"2024011914063443500_c3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(97)80026-4","article-title":"Test-retest study of the GRBAS scale: Influence of experience and professional background on perceptual rating of voice quality","volume":"11","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. 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