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Furthermore, speech recognition may improve when the amplitude modulation spectrum of the speech and masker are non-overlapping. The current study investigated this by filtering the amplitude modulation spectrum into different modulation rates for speech and speech-modulated noise. The modulation depth of the noise was manipulated to vary the SL of speech glimpses. Younger adults with normal hearing and older adults with normal or impaired hearing listened to natural speech or speech vocoded to degrade TFS cues. Control groups of younger adults were tested on all conditions with spectrally shaped speech and threshold matching noise, which reduced audibility to match that of the older hearing-impaired group. All groups benefitted from increased masker modulation depth and preservation of syllabic-rate speech modulations. Older adults with hearing loss had reduced speech recognition across all conditions. This was explained by factors related to attenuation, due to reduced SLs, and distortion, due to reduced TFS processing, which resulted in poorer auditory processing of speech cues during the dips of the masker.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0026450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T11:57:33Z","timestamp":1720007853000},"page":"93-106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Attenuation and distortion components of age-related hearing loss: Contributions to recognizing temporal-envelope filtered speech in modulated noise"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"156","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2611-102X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Fogerty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 1 , Champaign, Illinois 61820, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayne B.","family":"Ahlstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina 2 , Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2340-4721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judy R.","family":"Dubno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina 2 , Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"231","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024070311572450800_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(00)00265-3","article-title":"Temporal envelope expansion of speech in noise for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners: Effects on identification performance and response times","volume":"153","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hear. 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