{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:25:08Z","timestamp":1787016308389,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725580800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["R01DC018511"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DC018511"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01DC014717"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DC014717"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01CA133015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA133015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The human tongue exhibits an orchestrated arrangement of internal muscles, working in sequential order to execute tongue movements. Understanding the muscle coordination patterns involved in tongue protrusive motion is crucial for advancing knowledge of tongue structure and function. To achieve this, this work focuses on five muscles known to contribute to protrusive motion. Tagged and diffusion MRI data are collected for analysis of muscle fiber geometry and motion patterns. Lagrangian strain measurements are derived, and Granger causal analysis is carried out to assess predictive information among the muscles. Experimental results suggest sequential muscle coordination of protrusive motion among distinct muscle groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0028500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T08:47:04Z","timestamp":1725612424000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Investigating muscle coordination patterns with Granger causality analysis in protrusive motion from tagged and diffusion MRI"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Hyeonjeong","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School 1 , Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0517-0952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fangxu","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School 1 , Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maureen","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pain and Neural Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School 2 , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hahn","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School 1 , Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University 3 , New Haven, Connecticut 06519, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiachen","family":"Zhuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Maryland 4 , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sidney","family":"Fels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia 5 , Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy G.","family":"Reese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Athinoula A. 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