{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T15:30:19Z","timestamp":1791387019978,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","issue":"2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001664","name":"Leibniz-Gemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P122\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P122\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001664","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Under natural conditions, the sound pressure level of social trills and echolocation calls of pipistrelle bats was measured as peak equivalent sound pressure level (peSPL) with the aim of estimating the range of the signals. Thirty-eight echolocation calls and 55 social trills, whose distance from the microphone was known, were evaluated. The social trills were approximately 8\u2009dB quieter than the echolocation calls but had a significantly greater range because of their lower call frequency. Based on the American National Standards Institute\/Acoustical Society of America [ANSI\/ASA (2024) S1.26-2014, Methods for Calculation of the Absorption of Sound by the Atmosphere (Acoustical Society of America, New York)] standard, we examined the propagation of the signals under different conditions of humidity, temperature, and air pressure. The results show that in calm weather the potential ranges can vary by a factor of two to three. Assuming a detection threshold of 20\u2009dB, we determined ranges for an echolocation call of between approximately 30 and 80\u2009m under realistic conditions and for a social trill of between 60 and more than 120\u2009m.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0044584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T12:49:35Z","timestamp":1786452575000},"page":"1343-1349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Social trills of the pipistrelle bat (\n                    <i>Pipistrellus pipistrellus<\/i>\n                    ) are quieter than their echolocation calls, but have a greater range"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"160","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5157-7358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karl-Heinz","family":"Frommolt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary Diversity Dynamics, Museum f\u00fcr Naturkunde\u2013Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science 1 , Invalidenstra\u00dfe 43, Berlin 10115,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1341-0403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa Wencke","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary Diversity Dynamics, Museum f\u00fcr Naturkunde\u2013Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science 1 , Invalidenstra\u00dfe 43, Berlin 10115,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Evolutionary Ethology, Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin 2 , Invalidenstra\u00dfe 42, Berlin 10115,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0448-9600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirjam","family":"Kn\u00f6rnschild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary Diversity Dynamics, Museum f\u00fcr Naturkunde\u2013Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science 1 , Invalidenstra\u00dfe 43, Berlin 10115,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Evolutionary Ethology, Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin 2 , Invalidenstra\u00dfe 42, Berlin 10115,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Deutsche Fledermauswarte e.V. 3 , Am Juliusturm 64, Berlin 13599,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"231","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081207463193700_c1","volume-title":"Methods for Calculation of the Absorption of Sound by the Atmosphere","author":"ANSI\/ASA.","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026081207463193700_c2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0755-7","article-title":"Sound propagation in the atmosphere","volume-title":"Springer Handbook of Acoustics","author":"Rossing","year":"2014"},{"key":"2026081207463193700_c3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/mam.12310","article-title":"Standardised and referenced acoustic monitoring reliably estimates bat fatalities at wind turbines: Comments on \u2018Limitations of acoustic monitoring at wind turbines to evaluate fatality risk of bats","volume":"53","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mamm. 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