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One hundred eleven normal-hearing students in Grades 2\u20135 completed SR (WIPI) and LC (TROG-2) tasks in occupied classrooms under multiple noise levels, as well as SR testing in a clinic setting. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate acoustic and developmental effects, and receiver operating characteristic analyses compared predictive accuracy. Higher SNR was associated with significant improvements in both SR and LC, and older students consistently outperformed younger students across acoustic conditions. Although SR performance was higher in the clinic than in the classroom, classroom-based SR provided substantially better prediction of classroom LC than clinic-based SR. These findings demonstrate that assessment context shapes observed listening performance and underscore the importance of ecologically valid measures for predicting functional comprehension outcomes in real educational environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0046105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T11:49:42Z","timestamp":1787140182000},"page":"1658-1668","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Classroom-based speech recognition better predicts listening comprehension than clinic-based measures in primary school children"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"160","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7394-4796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pasquale","family":"Bottalico","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois 1 , Champaign, Illinois 61820,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7508-6820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Tardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois 1 , Champaign, Illinois 61820,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering (DIN), University of Bologna 2 ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7107-6083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Murgia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois 1 , Champaign, Illinois 61820,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Illinois 3 , Champaign, Illinois 61820,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josephine R.","family":"LaPapa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois 1 , Champaign, Illinois 61820,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Rush University 4 , Chicago, Illinois 60612,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3576-6770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles J.","family":"Nudelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois 1 , Champaign, Illinois 61820,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Syracuse University 5 , Syracuse, New York 13244,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"231","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081907493713000_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5S","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000944","article-title":"The quest for ecological validity in hearing science: What it is, why it matters, and how to advance it","volume":"41","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ear Hear."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026081907493713000_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020802252261","article-title":"Current considerations in pediatric speech audiometry","volume":"47","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. 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