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This work also shows, through the development of simulations, that the upwelling regime can be responsible for the creation of shadow coastal zones, in which the detection probability is too low for an acoustic source to be detected. The development of the FORMS technique and its validation with real data, for the particular region of coastal upwelling off Cabo Frio, reveals the possibility of a sustainable and reliable forecast system for the corresponding (variable in space and time) underwater acoustic environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/1.5026244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,5]],"date-time":"2018-03-05T17:06:27Z","timestamp":1520269587000},"page":"EL174-EL180","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Upwelling regime off the Cabo Frio region in Brazil and impact on acoustic propagation"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"143","author":[{"given":"Leandro","family":"Calado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Admiral Paulo Moreira Marine Research Institute (IEAPM) 1 , Brazilian Navy, Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, 28930-000, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Orlando","family":"Camargo Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Robotics and Engineering Systems\u2013LARSyS, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve 2 , PT-8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Codato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal Fluminense 3 , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil \u2008 leandro_calado@hotmail.com , orodrig@ualg.pt , gabrielcodato@gmail.com , fabiofcx@gmail.com"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Contrera Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Admiral Paulo Moreira Marine Research Institute (IEAPM) 1 , Brazilian Navy, Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, 28930-000, Brazil"}]}],"member":"231","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2023071701391488300_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocemod.2008.06.007","article-title":"Feature-oriented regional modeling and simulations (forms) for the western south Atlantic: Southeastern Brazil region","volume":"25","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ocean Modell."},{"year":"2010","key":"2023071701391488300_c2","article-title":"Range-dependent acoustic tomography by oceanic feature modeling for the monitoring of upwelling (Cabo Frio, Brazil)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023071701391488300_c3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1121\/1.381646","article-title":"Speed of sound in seawater at high pressures","volume":"62","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. 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