{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T13:35:51Z","timestamp":1782740151117,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The adolescent population with Down syndrome (DS) appears to show higher levels of body fat and lower levels of cardiorespiratory fitness or muscle strength than their peers without disabilities. There is a need to create physical activity programs to improve these data. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of a 16-week swimming program, strength program, and combined program (swimming and strength training) on body composition and health-related physical fitness on adolescents with DS and to assess whether there are differences in the results of the different training programs. Forty-five adolescents (17 female and 28 male; average age 15.5\u2009[1.53] years) with DS were recruited and randomized to three groups (swim [\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200915], strength [\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200915], and combined [\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200915]). Results showed that the swim group had significant improvements in all health-related physical fitness variables and there was an improvement in some body-composition variables (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). The strength and combined groups obtained minor improvements in the variables analyzed. In summary, a 16-week swim program consisting of three sessions of 60\u00a0min is able to improve levels of body composition and health-related physical fitness in adolescents with DS. The swim training program seems to be more effective in improving body composition and health-related physical fitness than the strength or combined program. These findings could be useful in different special-education centers due to the predisposition shown by the population with DS to this sport\u00a0modality.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/apaq.2023-0170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T14:45:53Z","timestamp":1715870753000},"page":"534-554","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Swim, Strength, or Combined Programs: Effect on Health-Related Physical Fitness in Adolescents With Down Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1574-868X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Borja","family":"Suarez-Villadat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Alfonso X el Sabio University, Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Education Department, Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela University, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kabir","family":"Sadarangani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health and Dentistry, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile"},{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Santiago, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui Manuel","family":"Corredeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adapted Physical Education Department, University of Puerto Rico at Bayam\u00f3n, Bayam\u00f3n, Puerto Rico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariel","family":"Villagra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"r1","series-title":"Pediatric Obesity,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/J.2047-6310.2011.00046.X","article-title":"Overweight and obese teenagers: Why is adolescence a critical period?","volume":"7","author":"Alberga, A.S.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alberga, A.S., Sigal, R.J., Goldfield, G., Prud Homme, D., & Kenny, G.P. (2012). Overweight and obese teenagers: Why is adolescence a critical period? Pediatric Obesity, 7(4), 261\u2013273. 10.1111\/J.2047-6310.2011.00046.X"},{"key":"r2","series-title":"British Medical Journal,","first-page":"703","article-title":"How to randomise","volume":"319","author":"Altman, D.G.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Altman, D.G., & Bland, J.M. (1999). How to randomise. British Medical Journal, 319, 703\u2013704."},{"key":"r3","series-title":"Intellectual disability: Definition, classification, and systems of supports","year":"2010","unstructured":"American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disability. (2010). Intellectual disability: Definition, classification, and systems of supports (11th ed.)."},{"issue":"3","key":"r4","series-title":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0B013E3181915670","article-title":"American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults","volume":"41","year":"2009","unstructured":"American College of Sports Medicine. (2009). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41(3), 687\u2013708. 10.1249\/MSS.0B013E3181915670"},{"issue":"2","key":"r5","series-title":"Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/JPPI.12155","article-title":"Reliability and validity of physical fitness field-based tests in Down syndrome: A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Ay\u00e1n P\u00e9rez, C.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ay\u00e1n P\u00e9rez, C., Mart\u00ednez-Lemos, I., Lago-Ballesteros, J., Cancela Carral, J.M., & Loira-Cami\u00f1a, N. (2016). Reliability and validity of physical fitness field-based tests in Down syndrome: A systematic review. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 13(2), 142\u2013156. 10.1111\/JPPI.12155"},{"issue":"1","key":"r6","series-title":"Disability and Health Journal,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/J.DHJO.2016.07.004","article-title":"Reliability and convergent validity of the 6-min run test in young adults with Down syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Ay\u00e1n-P\u00e9rez, C.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ay\u00e1n-P\u00e9rez, C., Mart\u00ednez-Lemos, R.I., & Cancela-Carral, J.M. (2017). Reliability and convergent validity of the 6-min run test in young adults with Down syndrome. Disability and Health Journal, 10(1), 105\u2013113. 10.1016\/J.DHJO.2016.07.004"},{"issue":"11","key":"r7","series-title":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2012.01605.x","article-title":"Is body mass index a useful measure of excess body fatness in adolescents and young adults with Down syndrome?","volume":"57","author":"Bandini, L.G.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bandini, L.G., Fleming, R.K., Scampini, R., Gleason, J., & Must, A. (2013). Is body mass index a useful measure of excess body fatness in adolescents and young adults with Down syndrome?. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 57(11), 1050\u20131057. 10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2012.01605.x"},{"key":"r8","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilitiesevelopmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2016.06.018","article-title":"Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with Down syndrome-prevalence, determinants, consequences, and interventions: A literature review","volume":"57","author":"Bertapelli, F.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bertapelli, F., Pitetti, K.H., Agiovlasitis, S., & Guerra-Junior, G. (2016). Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with Down syndrome-prevalence, determinants, consequences, and interventions: A literature review. Research in Developmental Disabilitiesevelopmental Disabilities, 57, 181\u2013192. 10.1016\/j.ridd.2016.06.018"},{"key":"r9","series-title":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12768","article-title":"The effect of 8 weeks of freestyle swim training on the functional fitness of adults with Down syndrome","volume":"64","author":"Boer, P.H.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Boer, P.H. (2020). The effect of 8 weeks of freestyle swim training on the functional fitness of adults with Down syndrome. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 64, 770\u2013781. 10.1111\/jir.12768"},{"issue":"12","key":"r10","series-title":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,","first-page":"1453","article-title":"The effect of aquatic exercises on the physical and functional fitness of adults with Down syndrome: A non-randomised controlled trial","volume":"63","author":"Boer, P.H.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Boer, P.H., & De Beer, Z. (2019). The effect of aquatic exercises on the physical and functional fitness of adults with Down syndrome: A non-randomised controlled trial. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 63(12), 1453\u20131463."},{"key":"r11","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/J.RIDD.2015.10.022","article-title":"Test\u2013retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of twelve functional fitness tests in adults with Down syndrome","volume":"48","author":"Boer, P.H.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Boer, P.H., & Moss, S.J. (2016). Test\u2013retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of twelve functional fitness tests in adults with Down syndrome. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 48, 176\u2013185. 10.1016\/J.RIDD.2015.10.022"},{"issue":"24","key":"r12","series-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine,","first-page":"1451","article-title":"World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour","volume":"54","author":"Bull, F.C.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bull, F.C., Al-Ansari, S.S., Biddle, S., Borodulin, K., Buman, M.P., Cardon, G., Carty, C., Chaput, J.P., Chastin, S., Chou, R., Dempsey, P.C., Dipietro, L., Ekelund, U., Firth, J., Friedenreich, C.M., Garcia, L., Gichu, M., Jago, R., Katzmarzyk, P.T., et\u00a0al. (2020). World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(24), 1451\u20131462."},{"issue":"6329","key":"r13","series-title":"British Medical Journal,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1136\/BMJ.284.6329.1607","article-title":"Two-, six-, and 12-minute walking tests in respiratory disease","volume":"284","author":"Butland, R.J.A.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Butland, R.J.A., Pang, J., Gross, E.R., Woodcock, A.A., & Geddes, D.M. (1982). Two-, six-, and 12-minute walking tests in respiratory disease. British Medical Journal, 284(6329), 1607\u20131608. 10.1136\/BMJ.284.6329.1607"},{"issue":"15","key":"r14","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16152685","article-title":"Feasibility and reliability of a physical fitness test battery in individuals with Down syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Cabeza-Ruiz, R.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cabeza-Ruiz, R., Alc\u00e1ntara-Cordero, F.J., Ruiz-Gavil\u00e1n, I., & S\u00e1nchez-L\u00f3pez, A.M. (2019). Feasibility and reliability of a physical fitness test battery in individuals with Down syndrome. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(15), Article 2685. 10.3390\/ijerph16152685"},{"key":"r15","author":"Cameron, N.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cameron, N. (2012). The measurement of human growth. In N.Cameron & B.Bogin (Eds.), Human growth and development (2nd ed., pp. 487\u2013513). Academic Press."},{"issue":"7","key":"r16","series-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.04.006","article-title":"Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure the influence of a 16-week community-based swim training program on body fat in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities","volume":"91","author":"Casey, A.F.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Casey, A.F., Rasmussen, R., Mackenzie, S.J., & Glenn, J. (2010). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure the influence of a 16-week community-based swim training program on body fat in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 91(7), 1064\u20131069. 10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.04.006"},{"issue":"2","key":"r17","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/J.RIDD.2010.10.023","article-title":"Physical fitness profile in adults with intellectual disabilities: Differences between levels of sport practice","volume":"32","author":"Cuesta-Vargas, A.I.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cuesta-Vargas, A.I., Paz-Lourido, B., & Rodriguez, A. (2011). Physical fitness profile in adults with intellectual disabilities: Differences between levels of sport practice. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(2), 788\u2013794. 10.1016\/J.RIDD.2010.10.023"},{"issue":"5","key":"r18","series-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1136\/ARCHDISCHILD-2018-315751","article-title":"Musculoskeletal anomalies in children with Down syndrome: An observational study","volume":"104","author":"Foley, C.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Foley, C., & Killeen, O.G. (2019). Musculoskeletal anomalies in children with Down syndrome: An observational study. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 104(5), 482\u2013487. 10.1136\/ARCHDISCHILD-2018-315751"},{"issue":"5","key":"r20","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.02.023","article-title":"Fat and lean masses in youths with down syndrome: Gender differences","volume":"32","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A., Ara, I., Moreno, L.A., Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez, G., & Casaj\u00fas, J.A. (2011). Fat and lean masses in youths with down syndrome: Gender differences. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(5), 1685\u20131693. 10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.02.023"},{"issue":"3","key":"r21","series-title":"International Medical Review On Down\u2019s Syndrome,","first-page":"35","article-title":"Body composition and physical fitness in children and adolescents with Down syndrome; effects of a conditioning program combined with plyometric jumps","volume":"18","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A., G\u00f3mez-Cabello, A., Matute-Llorente, A., G\u00f3mez-Bruton, A., Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez, G., & Casaj\u00fas, J. (2011). Body composition and physical fitness in children and adolescents with Down syndrome; effects of a conditioning program combined with plyometric jumps. International Medical Review On Down\u2019s Syndrome, 18(3), 35\u201342."},{"issue":"5","key":"r22","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2013.01.023","article-title":"Effects of whole body vibration training on body composition in adolescents with Down syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A., Matute-Llorente, A., G\u00f3mez-Cabello, A., Casaj\u00fas, J.A., & Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez, G. (2013). Effects of whole body vibration training on body composition in adolescents with Down syndrome. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34(5), 1426\u20131433. 10.1016\/j.ridd.2013.01.023"},{"issue":"5","key":"r23","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.03.006","article-title":"Accuracy of prediction equations to assess percentage of body fat in children and adolescents with Down syndrome compared to air displacement plethysmography","volume":"32","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A., Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez, G., Ara, I., Moreno, L.A., & Casaj\u00fas, J.A. (2011). Accuracy of prediction equations to assess percentage of body fat in children and adolescents with Down syndrome compared to air displacement plethysmography. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(5), 1764\u20131769. 10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.03.006"},{"issue":"6","key":"r24","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.07.024","article-title":"A combined training intervention programme increases lean mass in youths with Down syndrome","volume":"32","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A., Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez, G., G\u00f3mez-Cabello, A., Ara, I., Moreno, L.A., & Casaj\u00fas, J.A. (2011). A combined training intervention programme increases lean mass in youths with Down syndrome. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(6), 2383\u20132388. 10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.07.024"},{"issue":"5","key":"r25","series-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2010.01120.x","article-title":"Health-related physical fitness in children and adolescents with Down syndrome and response to training","volume":"20","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A., Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez, G., Moreno, L.A., Guerra, M., Ara, I., & Casaj\u00fas, J.A. (2010). Health-related physical fitness in children and adolescents with Down syndrome and response to training. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 20(5), 716\u2013724. 10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2010.01120.x"},{"issue":"24","key":"r26","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17249175.24","article-title":"Adaptations to swimming training in athletes with Down\u2019s syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Rav\u00e9, J.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Rav\u00e9, J., Turner, A.P., & Phillips, S.M. (2020). Adaptations to swimming training in athletes with Down\u2019s syndrome. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), Article 9175. 10.3390\/ijerph17249175.24"},{"issue":"4","key":"r27","series-title":"Clinical Obesity,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12103","article-title":"The effects of physical activity interventions on preventing weight gain and the effects on body composition in young adults with intellectual disabilities: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"5","author":"Harris, L.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Harris, L., Hankey, C., Murray, H., & Melville, C. (2015). The effects of physical activity interventions on preventing weight gain and the effects on body composition in young adults with intellectual disabilities: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clinical Obesity, 5(4), 198\u2013210. 10.1111\/cob.12103"},{"issue":"2","key":"r28","series-title":"Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.3109\/13668250.2012.681773","article-title":"Feasibility and reliability of physical fitness tests in older adults with intellectual disability: A pilot study","volume":"37","author":"Hilgenkamp, T.I.M.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hilgenkamp, T.I.M., Van Wijck, R., & Evenhuis, H.M. (2012). Feasibility and reliability of physical fitness tests in older adults with intellectual disability: A pilot study. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 37(2), 158\u2013162. 10.3109\/13668250.2012.681773"},{"key":"r29","series-title":"Journal,","first-page":"97","article-title":"The influence of physiotherapy on functional fitness of adults with Down syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Ilinca, I.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ilinca, I., Ro\u015fulescu, E., Cosma, G., & Danoiu, M. (2019). The influence of physiotherapy on functional fitness of adults with Down syndrome. Physical Education, Sport and Kinetotherapy Journal, 1, 97\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35189\/iphm.icpesk.2019.16"},{"key":"r30","series-title":"Preventive Medicine,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.105985","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular fitness and mental health in older adolescents: A multi-level cross-sectional analysis","volume":"132","author":"Janssen, A.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Janssen, A., Leahy, A.A., Diallo, T.M.O., Smith, J.J., Kennedy, S.G., Eather, N., Mavilidi, M.F., Wagemakers, A., Babic, M.J., & Lubans, D.R. (2020). Cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular fitness and mental health in older adolescents: A multi-level cross-sectional analysis. Preventive Medicine, 132, Article 105985. 10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.105985"},{"issue":"6","key":"r31","series-title":"The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.23736\/S0022-4707.18.08935-1","article-title":"Effects of exercise intervention on visceral fat in obese children and adolescents","volume":"59","author":"Jung, H.C.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jung, H.C., Jeon, S., Lee, N.H., Kim, K., Kang, M., & Lee, S. (2019). Effects of exercise intervention on visceral fat in obese children and adolescents. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 59(6), 1045\u20131057. 10.23736\/S0022-4707.18.08935-1"},{"issue":"25","key":"r32","series-title":"Medicine,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000015984","article-title":"The relationship between physical fitness and health self-assessment in elderly","volume":"98","author":"Knapik, A.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Knapik, A., Brz\u0119k, A., Famu\u0142a-W\u0105\u017c, A., Gallert-Kopyto, W., Szyd\u0142ak, D., Marcisz, C., & Plinta, R. (2019). The relationship between physical fitness and health self-assessment in elderly. Medicine, 98(25), Article e15984. 10.1097\/MD.0000000000015984"},{"issue":"5","key":"r33","series-title":"Obesity Research and Clinical Practice,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2015.10.006","article-title":"Obesity in adolescents with intellectual disability: Prevalence and associated characteristics","volume":"10","author":"Krause, S.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Krause, S., Ware, R., McPherson, L., Lennox, N., O\u2019Callaghan, M., & O\u2019Callaghan, M. (2016). Obesity in adolescents with intellectual disability: Prevalence and associated characteristics. Obesity Research and Clinical Practice, 10(5), 520\u2013530. 10.1016\/j.orcp.2015.10.006"},{"issue":"10298","key":"r19","series-title":"The Lancet,","first-page":"443","article-title":"Participation of people living with disabilities in physical activity: A global perspective","volume":"398","author":"Martin Ginis, K.A.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Martin Ginis, K.A., van der Ploeg, H.P., Foster, C., Lai, B., McBride, C.B., Ng, K., Pratt, M., Shirazipour, C.H., Smith, B., V\u00e1squez, P.M., & Heath, G.W. (2021). Participation of people living with disabilities in physical activity: A global perspective. The Lancet, 398(10298), 443\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01164-8"},{"issue":"3","key":"r34","series-title":"International Journal of Anatomy and Research,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4432","DOI":"10.16965\/ijar.2017.360","article-title":"Diurnal variation of height in South Indian adolescent subjects","volume":"5","author":"Merlin Koshy, J.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Merlin Koshy, J., Durga Dervi, G., Archana, R., & Johnson, W. (2017). Diurnal variation of height in South Indian adolescent subjects. International Journal of Anatomy and Research, 5(3), 4432\u20134435. 10.16965\/ijar.2017.360"},{"issue":"14","key":"r35","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/IJERPH18147441","article-title":"Effectiveness of swimming program in adolescents with Down syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Naczk, A.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Naczk, A., Gajewska, E., & Naczk, M. (2021). Effectiveness of swimming program in adolescents with Down syndrome. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(14)Article 7441. 10.3390\/IJERPH18147441"},{"issue":"8","key":"r36","series-title":"JAMA,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1001\/JAMA.2014.732","article-title":"Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States, 2011-2012","volume":"311","author":"Ogden, C.L.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ogden, C.L., Carroll, M.D., Kit, B.K., & Flegal, K.M. (2014). Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States, 2011-2012. JAMA, 311(8), 806\u2013814. 10.1001\/JAMA.2014.732"},{"issue":"10","key":"r37","series-title":"Medical Science Monitor,","article-title":"Influence of 12-week exercise training on fat mass percentage in adolescents with Down syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Ordonez, F.J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ordonez, F.J., Rosety, M., & Rosety-Rodriguez, M. (2006). Influence of 12-week exercise training on fat mass percentage in adolescents with Down syndrome. Medical Science Monitor, 12(10), Article CR416-9."},{"issue":"6","key":"r38","series-title":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12465","article-title":"The prevalence of obesity in children and young people with Down syndrome","volume":"31","author":"O\u2019Shea, M.","year":"2018","unstructured":"O\u2019Shea, M., O\u2019Shea, C., Gibson, L., Leo, J., & Carty, C. (2018). The prevalence of obesity in children and young people with Down syndrome. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 31(6), 1225\u20131229. 10.1111\/jar.12465"},{"key":"r39","series-title":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2294","DOI":"10.7752\/jpes.2020.s4308","article-title":"Evaluating growth curves in physically active or not people with Down syndrome: A literature review","volume":"20","author":"Palomba, A.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Palomba, A., Perez, D., & Tafuri, D. (2020). Evaluating growth curves in physically active or not people with Down syndrome: A literature review. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20, 2294\u20132299. 10.7752\/jpes.2020.s4308"},{"key":"r40","series-title":"African Journal of Disability,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/ajod.v8i0.576","article-title":"The health benefits of exercise therapy for patients with Down syndrome: A systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Paul, Y.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paul, Y., Ellapen, T.J., Barnard, M., Hammill, H.V., & Swanepoel, M. (2019). The health benefits of exercise therapy for patients with Down syndrome: A systematic review. African Journal of Disability, 8, Article a576. 10.4102\/ajod.v8i0.576"},{"issue":"1","key":"r41","series-title":"International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.12968\/IJTR.2018.25.1.20","article-title":"Water-based exercise for adults with Down syndrome: Findings from a preliminary study","volume":"25","author":"P\u00e9rez, C.A.","year":"2017","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez, C.A., Carral, J.M.C., Costas, A.\u00c1., Mart\u00ednez, S.V., & Mart\u00ednez-Lemos, R.I. (2017). Water-based exercise for adults with Down syndrome: Findings from a preliminary study. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 25(1), 20\u201328. 10.12968\/IJTR.2018.25.1.20"},{"key":"r42","series-title":"BMC Sports Science, Medicine & Rehabilitation,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S13102-017-0082-0","article-title":"Physical fitness and levels of physical activity in people with severe mental illness: A cross-sectional study","volume":"9","author":"Perez-Cruzado, D.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Perez-Cruzado, D., Cuesta-Vargas, A.I., Vera-Garcia, E., & Mayoral-Cleries, F. (2017). Physical fitness and levels of physical activity in people with severe mental illness: A cross-sectional study. BMC Sports Science, Medicine & Rehabilitation, 9, Article 17. 10.1186\/S13102-017-0082-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"r43","series-title":"Journal of Sport and Health Science,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2012.10.004","article-title":"Children and adolescents with Down syndrome, physical fitness and physical activity","volume":"2","author":"Pitetti, K.H.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pitetti, K.H., Baynard, T., & Agiovlasitis, S. (2013). Children and adolescents with Down syndrome, physical fitness and physical activity. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 2(1), 47\u201357. 10.1016\/j.jshs.2012.10.004"},{"issue":"9","key":"r44","series-title":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2010.01305.x","article-title":"Obesity and obesity-related secondary conditions in adolescents with intellectual\/developmental disabilities","volume":"54","author":"Rimmer, J.H.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rimmer, J.H., Yamaki, K., Lowry, B.M.D., Wang, E., & Vogel, L.C. (2010). Obesity and obesity-related secondary conditions in adolescents with intellectual\/developmental disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 54(9), 787\u2013794. 10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2010.01305.x"},{"key":"r45","series-title":"Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8811153","article-title":"A short-term resistance training circuit improved antioxidants in sedentary adults with Down syndrome","volume":"2021","author":"Rosety-Rodriguez, M.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rosety-Rodriguez, M., Bernardi, M., Elosegui, S., Rosety, I., Diaz, A.J., Rosety, M.A., Brenes, F., Oliva-Pascual-Vaca, A., Alvero-Cruz, J.R., & Ordonez, F.J. (2021). A short-term resistance training circuit improved antioxidants in sedentary adults with Down syndrome. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2021, Article 8811153. 10.1155\/2021\/8811153"},{"issue":"6","key":"r46","series-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2010.075341","article-title":"Field-based fitness assessment in young people: The ALPHA health-related fitness test battery for children and adolescents","volume":"45","author":"Ruiz, J.R.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ruiz, J.R., Castro-Pinero, J., Espana-Romero, V., Artero, E.G., Ortega, F.B., Cuenca, M.M., Jimenez-Pavon, D., Chillon, P., Girela-Rejon, M.J., Mora, J., Gutierrez, A., Suni, J., Sjostrom, M., & Castillo, M.J. (2010). Field-based fitness assessment in young people: The ALPHA health-related fitness test battery for children and adolescents. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(6), 518\u2013524. 10.1136\/bjsm.2010.075341"},{"issue":"12","key":"r47","series-title":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1111\/JIR.12216","article-title":"Test\u2013retest reliability and agreement of physical fall risk assessment tools in adults with intellectual disabilities","volume":"59","author":"Salb, J.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Salb, J., Finlayson, J., Almutaseb, S., Scharfenberg, B., Becker, C., Sieber, C., & Freiberger, E. (2015). Test\u2013retest reliability and agreement of physical fall risk assessment tools in adults with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 59(12), 1121\u20131129. 10.1111\/JIR.12216"},{"issue":"11","key":"r48","series-title":"International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders: Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity,","first-page":"1453","article-title":"Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio are better predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children than body mass index","volume":"24","author":"Savva, S.C.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Savva, S.C., Tornaritis, M., Savva, M.E., Kourides, Y., Panagi, A., Silikiotou, N., Georgiou, C., & Kafatos, A. (2000). Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio are better predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children than body mass index. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders: Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 24(11), 1453\u20131458."},{"key":"r49","series-title":"Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.5007\/19800037.2017V19N4P385","article-title":"Effects of aerobic and resistance training on the cardiorespiratory fitness of young people with Down syndrome","volume":"19","author":"Seron, B.B.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Seron, B.B., Modesto, E.L., Cl\u00e1udio, L., Stanganelli, R., Messias Oliveira De Carvalho, E., & Greguol, M. (2017). Effects of aerobic and resistance training on the cardiorespiratory fitness of young people with Down syndrome. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano, 19, 385\u2013394. 10.5007\/19800037.2017V19N4P385"},{"issue":"3","key":"r50","series-title":"Journal of Physiotherapy,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S1836-9553(10)70024-2","article-title":"A student-led progressive resistance training program increases lower limb muscle strength in adolescents with Down syndrome: A randomised controlled trial","volume":"56","author":"Shields, N.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shields, N., & Taylor, N.F. (2010). A student-led progressive resistance training program increases lower limb muscle strength in adolescents with Down syndrome: A randomised controlled trial. Journal of Physiotherapy, 56(3), 187\u2013193. 10.1016\/S1836-9553(10)70024-2"},{"issue":"2","key":"r51","series-title":"Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.3109\/13668250.2015.1014027","article-title":"The feasibility of a physical activity program for young adults with Down syndrome: A phase II randomised controlled trial","volume":"40","author":"Shields, N.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shields, N., & Taylor, N.F. (2015). The feasibility of a physical activity program for young adults with Down syndrome: A phase II randomised controlled trial. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 40(2), 115\u2013125. 10.3109\/13668250.2015.1014027"},{"issue":"7","key":"r52","series-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.11.056","article-title":"Effects of a community-based progressive resistance training program on muscle performance and physical function in adults with Down syndrome: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"89","author":"Shields, N.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shields, N., Taylor, N.F., & Dodd, K.J. (2008). Effects of a community-based progressive resistance training program on muscle performance and physical function in adults with Down syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 89(7), 1215\u20131220. 10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.11.056"},{"issue":"1","key":"r53","series-title":"Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1123\/APAQ.26.1.54","article-title":"Eurofit special: European fitness battery score variation among individuals with intellectual disabilities","volume":"26","author":"Skowro\u0144ski, W.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Skowro\u0144ski, W., Horvat, M., Nocera, J., Roswal, G., & Croce, R. (2009). Eurofit special: European fitness battery score variation among individuals with intellectual disabilities. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 26(1), 54\u201367. 10.1123\/APAQ.26.1.54"},{"issue":"5","key":"r54","series-title":"Human Biology,","first-page":"709","article-title":"Skinfold equations for estimation of body fatness in children and youth","volume":"60","author":"Slaughter, M.H.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Slaughter, M.H., Lohman, T.G., Boileau, R.A., Horswill, C.A., Stillman, R.J., Van Loan, M.D., & Bemben, D.A. (1998). Skinfold equations for estimation of body fatness in children and youth. Human Biology, 60(5), 709\u2013723."},{"issue":"6","key":"r55","series-title":"Pediatrics,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/PEDS.2020-1011","article-title":"Resistance training for children and adolescents","volume":"145","author":"Stricker, P.R.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stricker, P.R., Faigenbaum, A.D., & McCambridge, T.M. (2020). Resistance training for children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 145(6), e20201011. 10.1542\/PEDS.2020-1011"},{"key":"r56","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2020.103643","article-title":"The effect of swimming program on body composition levels in adolescents with Down syndrome","volume":"102","author":"Suarez-Villadat, B.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Suarez-Villadat, B., Luna-Oliva, L., Acebes, C., & Villagra, A. (2020). The effect of swimming program on body composition levels in adolescents with Down syndrome. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 102. Article 103643. 10.1016\/j.ridd.2020.103643"},{"issue":"6","key":"r57","series-title":"Childhood Obesity,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1089\/chi.2018.0198","article-title":"Changes in body composition and physical fitness in adolescents with Down syndrome: The UP&DOWN Longitudinal study","volume":"15","author":"Suarez-Villadat, B.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Suarez-Villadat, B., Veiga, O.L., Villagra, A., & Izquierdo-Gomez, R. (2019). Changes in body composition and physical fitness in adolescents with Down syndrome: The UP&DOWN Longitudinal study. Childhood Obesity, 15(6), 397\u2013405. 10.1089\/chi.2018.0198"},{"issue":"11","key":"r58","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18115521","article-title":"Prospective associations of physical activity and health-related physical fitness in adolescents with Down syndrome: The UP&DOWN Longitudinal Study","volume":"18","author":"Suarez-Villadat, B.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Suarez-Villadat, B., Villagra, A., Veiga, O., Cabanas-Sanchez, V., & Izquierdo-Gomez, R. (2021). Prospective associations of physical activity and health-related physical fitness in adolescents with Down syndrome: The UP&DOWN Longitudinal Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), Article 5521. 10.3390\/ijerph18115521"},{"issue":"19","key":"r59","series-title":"Disability and Rehabilitation,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280410001712387","article-title":"Adults with cerebral palsy benefit from participating in a strength training programme at a community gymnasium","volume":"26","author":"Taylor, N.F.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Taylor, N.F., Dodd, K.J., & Larkin, H. (2004). Adults with cerebral palsy benefit from participating in a strength training programme at a community gymnasium. Disability and Rehabilitation, 26(19), 1128\u20131134. 10.1080\/09638280410001712387"},{"issue":"11","key":"r60","series-title":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3221","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31828bed4e","article-title":"Reliability of the ALPHA health-related fitness test battery in adolescents with Down syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Tejero-Gonzalez, C.M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tejero-Gonzalez, C.M., Martinez-Gomez, D., Bayon-Serna, J., Izquierdo-Gomez, R., Castro-Pi\u00f1ero, J., & Veiga, O.L. (2013). Reliability of the ALPHA health-related fitness test battery in adolescents with Down syndrome. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(11), 3221\u20133224. 10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31828bed4e"},{"issue":"161","key":"r61","series-title":"Apunts Sport Medicine,","first-page":"10","article-title":"Evolutividad de la capacidad flexora seg\u00fan el sexo y el nivel de ense\u00f1anza","volume":"44","author":"Valdiviaa, O.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Valdiviaa, O., & Ca\u00f1ada, M. (2009). Evolutividad de la capacidad flexora seg\u00fan el sexo y el nivel de ense\u00f1anza. Apunts Sport Medicine, 44(161), 10\u201317."},{"issue":"3","key":"r62","series-title":"Fisioterapia Em Movimento,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-5918.030.003.AO04","article-title":"Test timed up and go and its correlation with age and functional exercise capacity in asymptomatic women","volume":"30","author":"Vieira, W.O.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vieira, W.O., Ostolin, T.L.V.P., Ferreira, M., Sperandio, E.F., & Dourado, V.Z. (2017). Test timed up and go and its correlation with age and functional exercise capacity in asymptomatic women. Fisioterapia Em Movimento, 30(3), 463\u2013471. 10.1590\/1980-5918.030.003.AO04"},{"key":"r63","article-title":"Obesity","year":"2022","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2022). Obesity. https:\/\/www.who.int\/es\/health-topics\/obesity#tab=tab_1"},{"key":"r64","article-title":"World Obesity Atlas 2023","year":"2023","unstructured":"World Obesity Federation. (2023). World Obesity Atlas 2023. https:\/\/www.worldobesityday.org\/assets\/downloads\/World_Obesity_Atlas_2023_Report.pdf"},{"issue":"4","key":"r1","series-title":"Pediatric Obesity,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/J.2047-6310.2011.00046.X","article-title":"Overweight and obese teenagers: Why is adolescence a critical period?","volume":"7","author":"Alberga, A.S.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alberga, A.S., Sigal, R.J., Goldfield, G., Prud Homme, D., & Kenny, G.P. (2012). Overweight and obese teenagers: Why is adolescence a critical period? Pediatric Obesity, 7(4), 261\u2013273. 10.1111\/J.2047-6310.2011.00046.X"},{"key":"r2","series-title":"British Medical Journal,","first-page":"703","article-title":"How to randomise","volume":"319","author":"Altman, D.G.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Altman, D.G., & Bland, J.M. (1999). How to randomise. British Medical Journal, 319, 703\u2013704."},{"key":"r3","series-title":"Intellectual disability: Definition, classification, and systems of supports","year":"2010","unstructured":"American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disability. (2010). Intellectual disability: Definition, classification, and systems of supports (11th ed.)."},{"issue":"3","key":"r4","series-title":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0B013E3181915670","article-title":"American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults","volume":"41","year":"2009","unstructured":"American College of Sports Medicine. (2009). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41(3), 687\u2013708. 10.1249\/MSS.0B013E3181915670"},{"issue":"2","key":"r5","series-title":"Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/JPPI.12155","article-title":"Reliability and validity of physical fitness field-based tests in Down syndrome: A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Ay\u00e1n P\u00e9rez, C.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ay\u00e1n P\u00e9rez, C., Mart\u00ednez-Lemos, I., Lago-Ballesteros, J., Cancela Carral, J.M., & Loira-Cami\u00f1a, N. (2016). Reliability and validity of physical fitness field-based tests in Down syndrome: A systematic review. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 13(2), 142\u2013156. 10.1111\/JPPI.12155"},{"issue":"1","key":"r6","series-title":"Disability and Health Journal,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/J.DHJO.2016.07.004","article-title":"Reliability and convergent validity of the 6-min run test in young adults with Down syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Ay\u00e1n-P\u00e9rez, C.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ay\u00e1n-P\u00e9rez, C., Mart\u00ednez-Lemos, R.I., & Cancela-Carral, J.M. (2017). Reliability and convergent validity of the 6-min run test in young adults with Down syndrome. Disability and Health Journal, 10(1), 105\u2013113. 10.1016\/J.DHJO.2016.07.004"},{"issue":"11","key":"r7","series-title":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2012.01605.x","article-title":"Is body mass index a useful measure of excess body fatness in adolescents and young adults with Down syndrome?","volume":"57","author":"Bandini, L.G.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bandini, L.G., Fleming, R.K., Scampini, R., Gleason, J., & Must, A. (2013). Is body mass index a useful measure of excess body fatness in adolescents and young adults with Down syndrome?. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 57(11), 1050\u20131057. 10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2012.01605.x"},{"key":"r8","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilitiesevelopmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2016.06.018","article-title":"Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with Down syndrome-prevalence, determinants, consequences, and interventions: A literature review","volume":"57","author":"Bertapelli, F.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bertapelli, F., Pitetti, K.H., Agiovlasitis, S., & Guerra-Junior, G. (2016). Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with Down syndrome-prevalence, determinants, consequences, and interventions: A literature review. Research in Developmental Disabilitiesevelopmental Disabilities, 57, 181\u2013192. 10.1016\/j.ridd.2016.06.018"},{"key":"r9","series-title":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12768","article-title":"The effect of 8 weeks of freestyle swim training on the functional fitness of adults with Down syndrome","volume":"64","author":"Boer, P.H.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Boer, P.H. (2020). The effect of 8 weeks of freestyle swim training on the functional fitness of adults with Down syndrome. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 64, 770\u2013781. 10.1111\/jir.12768"},{"issue":"12","key":"r10","series-title":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,","first-page":"1453","article-title":"The effect of aquatic exercises on the physical and functional fitness of adults with Down syndrome: A non-randomised controlled trial","volume":"63","author":"Boer, P.H.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Boer, P.H., & De Beer, Z. (2019). The effect of aquatic exercises on the physical and functional fitness of adults with Down syndrome: A non-randomised controlled trial. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 63(12), 1453\u20131463."},{"key":"r11","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/J.RIDD.2015.10.022","article-title":"Test\u2013retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of twelve functional fitness tests in adults with Down syndrome","volume":"48","author":"Boer, P.H.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Boer, P.H., & Moss, S.J. (2016). Test\u2013retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of twelve functional fitness tests in adults with Down syndrome. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 48, 176\u2013185. 10.1016\/J.RIDD.2015.10.022"},{"issue":"24","key":"r12","series-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine,","first-page":"1451","article-title":"World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour","volume":"54","author":"Bull, F.C.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bull, F.C., Al-Ansari, S.S., Biddle, S., Borodulin, K., Buman, M.P., Cardon, G., Carty, C., Chaput, J.P., Chastin, S., Chou, R., Dempsey, P.C., Dipietro, L., Ekelund, U., Firth, J., Friedenreich, C.M., Garcia, L., Gichu, M., Jago, R., Katzmarzyk, P.T., et\u00a0al. (2020). World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(24), 1451\u20131462."},{"issue":"6329","key":"r13","series-title":"British Medical Journal,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1136\/BMJ.284.6329.1607","article-title":"Two-, six-, and 12-minute walking tests in respiratory disease","volume":"284","author":"Butland, R.J.A.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Butland, R.J.A., Pang, J., Gross, E.R., Woodcock, A.A., & Geddes, D.M. (1982). Two-, six-, and 12-minute walking tests in respiratory disease. British Medical Journal, 284(6329), 1607\u20131608. 10.1136\/BMJ.284.6329.1607"},{"issue":"15","key":"r14","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16152685","article-title":"Feasibility and reliability of a physical fitness test battery in individuals with Down syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Cabeza-Ruiz, R.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cabeza-Ruiz, R., Alc\u00e1ntara-Cordero, F.J., Ruiz-Gavil\u00e1n, I., & S\u00e1nchez-L\u00f3pez, A.M. (2019). Feasibility and reliability of a physical fitness test battery in individuals with Down syndrome. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(15), Article 2685. 10.3390\/ijerph16152685"},{"key":"r15","author":"Cameron, N.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cameron, N. (2012). The measurement of human growth. In N.Cameron & B.Bogin (Eds.), Human growth and development (2nd ed., pp. 487\u2013513). Academic Press."},{"issue":"7","key":"r16","series-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.04.006","article-title":"Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure the influence of a 16-week community-based swim training program on body fat in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities","volume":"91","author":"Casey, A.F.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Casey, A.F., Rasmussen, R., Mackenzie, S.J., & Glenn, J. (2010). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure the influence of a 16-week community-based swim training program on body fat in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 91(7), 1064\u20131069. 10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.04.006"},{"issue":"2","key":"r17","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/J.RIDD.2010.10.023","article-title":"Physical fitness profile in adults with intellectual disabilities: Differences between levels of sport practice","volume":"32","author":"Cuesta-Vargas, A.I.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cuesta-Vargas, A.I., Paz-Lourido, B., & Rodriguez, A. (2011). Physical fitness profile in adults with intellectual disabilities: Differences between levels of sport practice. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(2), 788\u2013794. 10.1016\/J.RIDD.2010.10.023"},{"issue":"5","key":"r18","series-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1136\/ARCHDISCHILD-2018-315751","article-title":"Musculoskeletal anomalies in children with Down syndrome: An observational study","volume":"104","author":"Foley, C.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Foley, C., & Killeen, O.G. (2019). Musculoskeletal anomalies in children with Down syndrome: An observational study. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 104(5), 482\u2013487. 10.1136\/ARCHDISCHILD-2018-315751"},{"issue":"5","key":"r20","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.02.023","article-title":"Fat and lean masses in youths with down syndrome: Gender differences","volume":"32","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A., Ara, I., Moreno, L.A., Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez, G., & Casaj\u00fas, J.A. (2011). Fat and lean masses in youths with down syndrome: Gender differences. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(5), 1685\u20131693. 10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.02.023"},{"issue":"3","key":"r21","series-title":"International Medical Review On Down\u2019s Syndrome,","first-page":"35","article-title":"Body composition and physical fitness in children and adolescents with Down syndrome; effects of a conditioning program combined with plyometric jumps","volume":"18","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A., G\u00f3mez-Cabello, A., Matute-Llorente, A., G\u00f3mez-Bruton, A., Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez, G., & Casaj\u00fas, J. (2011). Body composition and physical fitness in children and adolescents with Down syndrome; effects of a conditioning program combined with plyometric jumps. International Medical Review On Down\u2019s Syndrome, 18(3), 35\u201342."},{"issue":"5","key":"r22","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2013.01.023","article-title":"Effects of whole body vibration training on body composition in adolescents with Down syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A., Matute-Llorente, A., G\u00f3mez-Cabello, A., Casaj\u00fas, J.A., & Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez, G. (2013). Effects of whole body vibration training on body composition in adolescents with Down syndrome. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34(5), 1426\u20131433. 10.1016\/j.ridd.2013.01.023"},{"issue":"5","key":"r23","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.03.006","article-title":"Accuracy of prediction equations to assess percentage of body fat in children and adolescents with Down syndrome compared to air displacement plethysmography","volume":"32","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A., Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez, G., Ara, I., Moreno, L.A., & Casaj\u00fas, J.A. (2011). Accuracy of prediction equations to assess percentage of body fat in children and adolescents with Down syndrome compared to air displacement plethysmography. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(5), 1764\u20131769. 10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.03.006"},{"issue":"6","key":"r24","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.07.024","article-title":"A combined training intervention programme increases lean mass in youths with Down syndrome","volume":"32","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A., Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez, G., G\u00f3mez-Cabello, A., Ara, I., Moreno, L.A., & Casaj\u00fas, J.A. (2011). A combined training intervention programme increases lean mass in youths with Down syndrome. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(6), 2383\u20132388. 10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.07.024"},{"issue":"5","key":"r25","series-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2010.01120.x","article-title":"Health-related physical fitness in children and adolescents with Down syndrome and response to training","volume":"20","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ag\u00fcero, A., Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez, G., Moreno, L.A., Guerra, M., Ara, I., & Casaj\u00fas, J.A. (2010). Health-related physical fitness in children and adolescents with Down syndrome and response to training. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 20(5), 716\u2013724. 10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2010.01120.x"},{"issue":"24","key":"r26","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17249175.24","article-title":"Adaptations to swimming training in athletes with Down\u2019s syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Rav\u00e9, J.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Rav\u00e9, J., Turner, A.P., & Phillips, S.M. (2020). Adaptations to swimming training in athletes with Down\u2019s syndrome. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), Article 9175. 10.3390\/ijerph17249175.24"},{"issue":"4","key":"r27","series-title":"Clinical Obesity,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12103","article-title":"The effects of physical activity interventions on preventing weight gain and the effects on body composition in young adults with intellectual disabilities: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"5","author":"Harris, L.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Harris, L., Hankey, C., Murray, H., & Melville, C. (2015). The effects of physical activity interventions on preventing weight gain and the effects on body composition in young adults with intellectual disabilities: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clinical Obesity, 5(4), 198\u2013210. 10.1111\/cob.12103"},{"issue":"2","key":"r28","series-title":"Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.3109\/13668250.2012.681773","article-title":"Feasibility and reliability of physical fitness tests in older adults with intellectual disability: A pilot study","volume":"37","author":"Hilgenkamp, T.I.M.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hilgenkamp, T.I.M., Van Wijck, R., & Evenhuis, H.M. (2012). Feasibility and reliability of physical fitness tests in older adults with intellectual disability: A pilot study. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 37(2), 158\u2013162. 10.3109\/13668250.2012.681773"},{"key":"r29","series-title":"Journal,","first-page":"97","article-title":"The influence of physiotherapy on functional fitness of adults with Down syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Ilinca, I.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ilinca, I., Ro\u015fulescu, E., Cosma, G., & Danoiu, M. (2019). The influence of physiotherapy on functional fitness of adults with Down syndrome. Physical Education, Sport and Kinetotherapy Journal, 1, 97\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35189\/iphm.icpesk.2019.16"},{"key":"r30","series-title":"Preventive Medicine,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.105985","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular fitness and mental health in older adolescents: A multi-level cross-sectional analysis","volume":"132","author":"Janssen, A.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Janssen, A., Leahy, A.A., Diallo, T.M.O., Smith, J.J., Kennedy, S.G., Eather, N., Mavilidi, M.F., Wagemakers, A., Babic, M.J., & Lubans, D.R. (2020). Cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular fitness and mental health in older adolescents: A multi-level cross-sectional analysis. Preventive Medicine, 132, Article 105985. 10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.105985"},{"issue":"6","key":"r31","series-title":"The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.23736\/S0022-4707.18.08935-1","article-title":"Effects of exercise intervention on visceral fat in obese children and adolescents","volume":"59","author":"Jung, H.C.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jung, H.C., Jeon, S., Lee, N.H., Kim, K., Kang, M., & Lee, S. (2019). Effects of exercise intervention on visceral fat in obese children and adolescents. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 59(6), 1045\u20131057. 10.23736\/S0022-4707.18.08935-1"},{"issue":"25","key":"r32","series-title":"Medicine,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000015984","article-title":"The relationship between physical fitness and health self-assessment in elderly","volume":"98","author":"Knapik, A.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Knapik, A., Brz\u0119k, A., Famu\u0142a-W\u0105\u017c, A., Gallert-Kopyto, W., Szyd\u0142ak, D., Marcisz, C., & Plinta, R. (2019). The relationship between physical fitness and health self-assessment in elderly. Medicine, 98(25), Article e15984. 10.1097\/MD.0000000000015984"},{"issue":"5","key":"r33","series-title":"Obesity Research and Clinical Practice,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2015.10.006","article-title":"Obesity in adolescents with intellectual disability: Prevalence and associated characteristics","volume":"10","author":"Krause, S.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Krause, S., Ware, R., McPherson, L., Lennox, N., O\u2019Callaghan, M., & O\u2019Callaghan, M. (2016). Obesity in adolescents with intellectual disability: Prevalence and associated characteristics. Obesity Research and Clinical Practice, 10(5), 520\u2013530. 10.1016\/j.orcp.2015.10.006"},{"issue":"10298","key":"r19","series-title":"The Lancet,","first-page":"443","article-title":"Participation of people living with disabilities in physical activity: A global perspective","volume":"398","author":"Martin Ginis, K.A.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Martin Ginis, K.A., van der Ploeg, H.P., Foster, C., Lai, B., McBride, C.B., Ng, K., Pratt, M., Shirazipour, C.H., Smith, B., V\u00e1squez, P.M., & Heath, G.W. (2021). Participation of people living with disabilities in physical activity: A global perspective. The Lancet, 398(10298), 443\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01164-8"},{"issue":"3","key":"r34","series-title":"International Journal of Anatomy and Research,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4432","DOI":"10.16965\/ijar.2017.360","article-title":"Diurnal variation of height in South Indian adolescent subjects","volume":"5","author":"Merlin Koshy, J.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Merlin Koshy, J., Durga Dervi, G., Archana, R., & Johnson, W. (2017). Diurnal variation of height in South Indian adolescent subjects. International Journal of Anatomy and Research, 5(3), 4432\u20134435. 10.16965\/ijar.2017.360"},{"issue":"14","key":"r35","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/IJERPH18147441","article-title":"Effectiveness of swimming program in adolescents with Down syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Naczk, A.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Naczk, A., Gajewska, E., & Naczk, M. (2021). Effectiveness of swimming program in adolescents with Down syndrome. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(14)Article 7441. 10.3390\/IJERPH18147441"},{"issue":"8","key":"r36","series-title":"JAMA,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1001\/JAMA.2014.732","article-title":"Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States, 2011-2012","volume":"311","author":"Ogden, C.L.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ogden, C.L., Carroll, M.D., Kit, B.K., & Flegal, K.M. (2014). Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States, 2011-2012. JAMA, 311(8), 806\u2013814. 10.1001\/JAMA.2014.732"},{"issue":"10","key":"r37","series-title":"Medical Science Monitor,","article-title":"Influence of 12-week exercise training on fat mass percentage in adolescents with Down syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Ordonez, F.J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ordonez, F.J., Rosety, M., & Rosety-Rodriguez, M. (2006). Influence of 12-week exercise training on fat mass percentage in adolescents with Down syndrome. Medical Science Monitor, 12(10), Article CR416-9."},{"issue":"6","key":"r38","series-title":"Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12465","article-title":"The prevalence of obesity in children and young people with Down syndrome","volume":"31","author":"O\u2019Shea, M.","year":"2018","unstructured":"O\u2019Shea, M., O\u2019Shea, C., Gibson, L., Leo, J., & Carty, C. (2018). The prevalence of obesity in children and young people with Down syndrome. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 31(6), 1225\u20131229. 10.1111\/jar.12465"},{"key":"r39","series-title":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2294","DOI":"10.7752\/jpes.2020.s4308","article-title":"Evaluating growth curves in physically active or not people with Down syndrome: A literature review","volume":"20","author":"Palomba, A.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Palomba, A., Perez, D., & Tafuri, D. (2020). Evaluating growth curves in physically active or not people with Down syndrome: A literature review. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20, 2294\u20132299. 10.7752\/jpes.2020.s4308"},{"key":"r40","series-title":"African Journal of Disability,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/ajod.v8i0.576","article-title":"The health benefits of exercise therapy for patients with Down syndrome: A systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Paul, Y.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paul, Y., Ellapen, T.J., Barnard, M., Hammill, H.V., & Swanepoel, M. (2019). The health benefits of exercise therapy for patients with Down syndrome: A systematic review. African Journal of Disability, 8, Article a576. 10.4102\/ajod.v8i0.576"},{"issue":"1","key":"r41","series-title":"International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.12968\/IJTR.2018.25.1.20","article-title":"Water-based exercise for adults with Down syndrome: Findings from a preliminary study","volume":"25","author":"P\u00e9rez, C.A.","year":"2017","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez, C.A., Carral, J.M.C., Costas, A.\u00c1., Mart\u00ednez, S.V., & Mart\u00ednez-Lemos, R.I. (2017). Water-based exercise for adults with Down syndrome: Findings from a preliminary study. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 25(1), 20\u201328. 10.12968\/IJTR.2018.25.1.20"},{"key":"r42","series-title":"BMC Sports Science, Medicine & Rehabilitation,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S13102-017-0082-0","article-title":"Physical fitness and levels of physical activity in people with severe mental illness: A cross-sectional study","volume":"9","author":"Perez-Cruzado, D.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Perez-Cruzado, D., Cuesta-Vargas, A.I., Vera-Garcia, E., & Mayoral-Cleries, F. (2017). Physical fitness and levels of physical activity in people with severe mental illness: A cross-sectional study. BMC Sports Science, Medicine & Rehabilitation, 9, Article 17. 10.1186\/S13102-017-0082-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"r43","series-title":"Journal of Sport and Health Science,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2012.10.004","article-title":"Children and adolescents with Down syndrome, physical fitness and physical activity","volume":"2","author":"Pitetti, K.H.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pitetti, K.H., Baynard, T., & Agiovlasitis, S. (2013). Children and adolescents with Down syndrome, physical fitness and physical activity. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 2(1), 47\u201357. 10.1016\/j.jshs.2012.10.004"},{"issue":"9","key":"r44","series-title":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2010.01305.x","article-title":"Obesity and obesity-related secondary conditions in adolescents with intellectual\/developmental disabilities","volume":"54","author":"Rimmer, J.H.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rimmer, J.H., Yamaki, K., Lowry, B.M.D., Wang, E., & Vogel, L.C. (2010). Obesity and obesity-related secondary conditions in adolescents with intellectual\/developmental disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 54(9), 787\u2013794. 10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2010.01305.x"},{"key":"r45","series-title":"Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8811153","article-title":"A short-term resistance training circuit improved antioxidants in sedentary adults with Down syndrome","volume":"2021","author":"Rosety-Rodriguez, M.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rosety-Rodriguez, M., Bernardi, M., Elosegui, S., Rosety, I., Diaz, A.J., Rosety, M.A., Brenes, F., Oliva-Pascual-Vaca, A., Alvero-Cruz, J.R., & Ordonez, F.J. (2021). A short-term resistance training circuit improved antioxidants in sedentary adults with Down syndrome. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2021, Article 8811153. 10.1155\/2021\/8811153"},{"issue":"6","key":"r46","series-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2010.075341","article-title":"Field-based fitness assessment in young people: The ALPHA health-related fitness test battery for children and adolescents","volume":"45","author":"Ruiz, J.R.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ruiz, J.R., Castro-Pinero, J., Espana-Romero, V., Artero, E.G., Ortega, F.B., Cuenca, M.M., Jimenez-Pavon, D., Chillon, P., Girela-Rejon, M.J., Mora, J., Gutierrez, A., Suni, J., Sjostrom, M., & Castillo, M.J. (2010). Field-based fitness assessment in young people: The ALPHA health-related fitness test battery for children and adolescents. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(6), 518\u2013524. 10.1136\/bjsm.2010.075341"},{"issue":"12","key":"r47","series-title":"Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1111\/JIR.12216","article-title":"Test\u2013retest reliability and agreement of physical fall risk assessment tools in adults with intellectual disabilities","volume":"59","author":"Salb, J.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Salb, J., Finlayson, J., Almutaseb, S., Scharfenberg, B., Becker, C., Sieber, C., & Freiberger, E. (2015). Test\u2013retest reliability and agreement of physical fall risk assessment tools in adults with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 59(12), 1121\u20131129. 10.1111\/JIR.12216"},{"issue":"11","key":"r48","series-title":"International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders: Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity,","first-page":"1453","article-title":"Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio are better predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children than body mass index","volume":"24","author":"Savva, S.C.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Savva, S.C., Tornaritis, M., Savva, M.E., Kourides, Y., Panagi, A., Silikiotou, N., Georgiou, C., & Kafatos, A. (2000). Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio are better predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children than body mass index. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders: Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 24(11), 1453\u20131458."},{"key":"r49","series-title":"Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.5007\/19800037.2017V19N4P385","article-title":"Effects of aerobic and resistance training on the cardiorespiratory fitness of young people with Down syndrome","volume":"19","author":"Seron, B.B.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Seron, B.B., Modesto, E.L., Cl\u00e1udio, L., Stanganelli, R., Messias Oliveira De Carvalho, E., & Greguol, M. (2017). Effects of aerobic and resistance training on the cardiorespiratory fitness of young people with Down syndrome. Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano, 19, 385\u2013394. 10.5007\/19800037.2017V19N4P385"},{"issue":"3","key":"r50","series-title":"Journal of Physiotherapy,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S1836-9553(10)70024-2","article-title":"A student-led progressive resistance training program increases lower limb muscle strength in adolescents with Down syndrome: A randomised controlled trial","volume":"56","author":"Shields, N.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shields, N., & Taylor, N.F. (2010). A student-led progressive resistance training program increases lower limb muscle strength in adolescents with Down syndrome: A randomised controlled trial. Journal of Physiotherapy, 56(3), 187\u2013193. 10.1016\/S1836-9553(10)70024-2"},{"issue":"2","key":"r51","series-title":"Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.3109\/13668250.2015.1014027","article-title":"The feasibility of a physical activity program for young adults with Down syndrome: A phase II randomised controlled trial","volume":"40","author":"Shields, N.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shields, N., & Taylor, N.F. (2015). The feasibility of a physical activity program for young adults with Down syndrome: A phase II randomised controlled trial. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 40(2), 115\u2013125. 10.3109\/13668250.2015.1014027"},{"issue":"7","key":"r52","series-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.11.056","article-title":"Effects of a community-based progressive resistance training program on muscle performance and physical function in adults with Down syndrome: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"89","author":"Shields, N.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shields, N., Taylor, N.F., & Dodd, K.J. (2008). Effects of a community-based progressive resistance training program on muscle performance and physical function in adults with Down syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 89(7), 1215\u20131220. 10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.11.056"},{"issue":"1","key":"r53","series-title":"Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1123\/APAQ.26.1.54","article-title":"Eurofit special: European fitness battery score variation among individuals with intellectual disabilities","volume":"26","author":"Skowro\u0144ski, W.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Skowro\u0144ski, W., Horvat, M., Nocera, J., Roswal, G., & Croce, R. (2009). Eurofit special: European fitness battery score variation among individuals with intellectual disabilities. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 26(1), 54\u201367. 10.1123\/APAQ.26.1.54"},{"issue":"5","key":"r54","series-title":"Human Biology,","first-page":"709","article-title":"Skinfold equations for estimation of body fatness in children and youth","volume":"60","author":"Slaughter, M.H.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Slaughter, M.H., Lohman, T.G., Boileau, R.A., Horswill, C.A., Stillman, R.J., Van Loan, M.D., & Bemben, D.A. (1998). Skinfold equations for estimation of body fatness in children and youth. Human Biology, 60(5), 709\u2013723."},{"issue":"6","key":"r55","series-title":"Pediatrics,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/PEDS.2020-1011","article-title":"Resistance training for children and adolescents","volume":"145","author":"Stricker, P.R.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stricker, P.R., Faigenbaum, A.D., & McCambridge, T.M. (2020). Resistance training for children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 145(6), e20201011. 10.1542\/PEDS.2020-1011"},{"key":"r56","series-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2020.103643","article-title":"The effect of swimming program on body composition levels in adolescents with Down syndrome","volume":"102","author":"Suarez-Villadat, B.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Suarez-Villadat, B., Luna-Oliva, L., Acebes, C., & Villagra, A. (2020). The effect of swimming program on body composition levels in adolescents with Down syndrome. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 102. Article 103643. 10.1016\/j.ridd.2020.103643"},{"issue":"6","key":"r57","series-title":"Childhood Obesity,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1089\/chi.2018.0198","article-title":"Changes in body composition and physical fitness in adolescents with Down syndrome: The UP&DOWN Longitudinal study","volume":"15","author":"Suarez-Villadat, B.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Suarez-Villadat, B., Veiga, O.L., Villagra, A., & Izquierdo-Gomez, R. (2019). Changes in body composition and physical fitness in adolescents with Down syndrome: The UP&DOWN Longitudinal study. Childhood Obesity, 15(6), 397\u2013405. 10.1089\/chi.2018.0198"},{"issue":"11","key":"r58","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18115521","article-title":"Prospective associations of physical activity and health-related physical fitness in adolescents with Down syndrome: The UP&DOWN Longitudinal Study","volume":"18","author":"Suarez-Villadat, B.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Suarez-Villadat, B., Villagra, A., Veiga, O., Cabanas-Sanchez, V., & Izquierdo-Gomez, R. (2021). Prospective associations of physical activity and health-related physical fitness in adolescents with Down syndrome: The UP&DOWN Longitudinal Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), Article 5521. 10.3390\/ijerph18115521"},{"issue":"19","key":"r59","series-title":"Disability and Rehabilitation,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280410001712387","article-title":"Adults with cerebral palsy benefit from participating in a strength training programme at a community gymnasium","volume":"26","author":"Taylor, N.F.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Taylor, N.F., Dodd, K.J., & Larkin, H. (2004). Adults with cerebral palsy benefit from participating in a strength training programme at a community gymnasium. Disability and Rehabilitation, 26(19), 1128\u20131134. 10.1080\/09638280410001712387"},{"issue":"11","key":"r60","series-title":"Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3221","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31828bed4e","article-title":"Reliability of the ALPHA health-related fitness test battery in adolescents with Down syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Tejero-Gonzalez, C.M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tejero-Gonzalez, C.M., Martinez-Gomez, D., Bayon-Serna, J., Izquierdo-Gomez, R., Castro-Pi\u00f1ero, J., & Veiga, O.L. (2013). Reliability of the ALPHA health-related fitness test battery in adolescents with Down syndrome. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(11), 3221\u20133224. 10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31828bed4e"},{"issue":"161","key":"r61","series-title":"Apunts Sport Medicine,","first-page":"10","article-title":"Evolutividad de la capacidad flexora seg\u00fan el sexo y el nivel de ense\u00f1anza","volume":"44","author":"Valdiviaa, O.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Valdiviaa, O., & Ca\u00f1ada, M. (2009). Evolutividad de la capacidad flexora seg\u00fan el sexo y el nivel de ense\u00f1anza. Apunts Sport Medicine, 44(161), 10\u201317."},{"issue":"3","key":"r62","series-title":"Fisioterapia Em Movimento,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-5918.030.003.AO04","article-title":"Test timed up and go and its correlation with age and functional exercise capacity in asymptomatic women","volume":"30","author":"Vieira, W.O.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vieira, W.O., Ostolin, T.L.V.P., Ferreira, M., Sperandio, E.F., & Dourado, V.Z. (2017). Test timed up and go and its correlation with age and functional exercise capacity in asymptomatic women. Fisioterapia Em Movimento, 30(3), 463\u2013471. 10.1590\/1980-5918.030.003.AO04"},{"key":"r63","article-title":"Obesity","year":"2022","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2022). Obesity. https:\/\/www.who.int\/es\/health-topics\/obesity#tab=tab_1"},{"key":"r64","article-title":"World Obesity Atlas 2023","year":"2023","unstructured":"World Obesity Federation. (2023). World Obesity Atlas 2023. https:\/\/www.worldobesityday.org\/assets\/downloads\/World_Obesity_Atlas_2023_Report.pdf"}],"container-title":["Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/apaq\/41\/4\/article-p534.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/apaq\/41\/4\/article-p534.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/apaq\/41\/4\/article-p534.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T17:50:38Z","timestamp":1774288238000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/apaq\/41\/4\/article-p534.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":128,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/apaq.2023-0170","relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-5829","1543-2777"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-5829","type":"print"},{"value":"1543-2777","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}}}