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A total of 152 participants were included in this study, including 85 athletes who were members of senior teams (handball, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200924; volleyball, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200936; soccer, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200919; and judo, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096) involved at the highest level of competition and 67 nonathletes. A significantly greater proportion (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.05) of athletes (27%) demonstrated iron-deficient erythropoiesis (IDE) compared with nonathletes (13%). There were nonsignificant differences (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05) in the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID; 49% vs. 46%) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA; 2% vs. 4%) between athletes and nonathletes. Similarly, the prevalence of ID, IDE, and IDA was not significantly different between sports (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). Furthermore, training volume was negatively correlated with ferritin concentration in athletes (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>: \u2212.464, moderate, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Professional female athletes are at a heightened risk of IDE compared with nonathletes; therefore, they should be periodically screened for ID to reduce the deleterious effects on training and performance. The similar prevalence of ID, IDE, and IDA found across athletes competing in different sports suggests that overlaps exist between handball, volleyball, soccer, and judo athletes regarding risk of disturbance in iron metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2019-0193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,25]],"date-time":"2019-09-25T04:35:19Z","timestamp":1569386119000},"page":"48-53","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Professional Female Athletes Are at a Heightened Risk of Iron-Deficient Erythropoiesis Compared With Nonathletes"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Nenad","family":"Ponorac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Banja Luka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mira","family":"Popovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Occupational and Sports Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dea","family":"Karaba-Jakovljevi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Novi Sad"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zorislava","family":"Baji\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Banja Luka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Scanlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Queensland University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilija","family":"Stojanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nis"},{"name":"University of Kragujevac"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dragan","family":"Radovanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"r1","series-title":"Nutrition Reviews,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.1998.tb01738.x","article-title":"Diagnostic utility of serum transferrin receptors measurement in assessing iron status","volume":"56","author":"Ahluwalia, N.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ahluwalia, N. 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