{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T22:34:13Z","timestamp":1792017253666,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of creatine supplementation on recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage, and is reported according to the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE and SPORTDiscus were searched for articles from inception until April 2020. Inclusion criteria were adult participants (\u226518 years); creatine provided before and\/or after exercise versus a noncreatine comparator; measurement of muscle function recovery, muscle soreness, inflammation, myocellular protein efflux, oxidative stress; range of motion; randomized controlled trials in humans. Thirteen studies (totaling 278 participants; 235 males and 43 females; age range 20\u201360 years) were deemed eligible for analysis. Data extraction was performed independently by both authors. The Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool was used to critically appraise the studies; forest plots were generated with random-effects model and standardized mean differences. Creatine supplementation did not alter muscle strength, muscle soreness, range of motion, or inflammation at each of the five follow-up times after exercise (&lt;30\u00a0min, 24, 48, 72, and 96\u00a0hr; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). Creatine attenuated creatine kinase activity at 48-hr postexercise (standardized mean difference: \u22121.06; 95% confidence interval [\u22121.97, \u22120.14]; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.02) but at no other time points. High (I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>; &gt;75%) and significant (Chi<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01) heterogeneity was identified for all outcome measures at various follow-up times. In conclusion, creatine supplementation does not accelerate recovery following exercise-induced muscle damage; however, well-controlled studies with higher sample sizes are warranted to verify these conclusions. Systematic review registration (PROSPERO CRD42020178735).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2020-0282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T09:43:41Z","timestamp":1614246221000},"page":"276-291","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["The Effect of Creatine Supplementation on Markers of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Intervention Trials"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Bethany","family":"Northeast","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Loughborough University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Clifford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Loughborough University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"r1","series-title":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-018-0187-x","article-title":"Chocolate milk for recovery from exercise: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials","volume":"73","author":"Amiri, M.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Amiri, M., Ghiasvand, R., Kaviani, M., Forbes, S.C., & Salehi-Abargouei, A. 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