{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T07:41:59Z","timestamp":1787730119903,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Iron deficiency is a common health issue in active and athlete populations. Accordingly, research into iron status, regulation, absorption, and iron deficiency treatment strategies is increasing at a rapid rate. However, despite the increase in the quantity of research, various methodological issues need to be addressed as we progress our knowledge in this area. The purpose of this review is to highlight specific considerations for conducting iron-related research in active and athlete populations. First, we discuss the methodological importance of assessment and interpretation of iron status, with reference to blood collection protocols, participant screening procedures, and biomarker selection. Next, we consider numerous variables that should be accounted for in the design of iron-related research studies, such as the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin and its interaction with exercise, in addition to an examination of female physiology and its impact on iron metabolism. Subsequently, we explore dietary iron and nutrient interactions that impact iron regulation and absorption, with recommendations made for optimal methodological control. Consideration is then given to key features of long-term study designs, such as the monitoring of training load, oral iron supplementation, dietary analysis, and general lifestyle factors. Finally, we conclude our recommendations with an exploration of stable iron isotope tracers as a methodology to measure iron absorption. Ultimately, it is our intention that this review can be used as a guide to improve study design, biomarker analysis, and reporting of findings, to maximize the quality of future research outputs in iron-related research focused on active and athlete populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2021-0343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T05:47:41Z","timestamp":1648792061000},"page":"359-370","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Methodological Considerations for Investigating Iron Status and Regulation in Exercise and Sport Science Studies"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Alannah K.A.","family":"McKay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nutrition Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia"},{"name":"Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Moretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Human Nutrition, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Z\u00fcrich, Zurich, Switzerland"},{"name":"Nutrition Group, Health Department, Swiss Distance University of Applied Sciences, Regensdorf, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Olympic Winter Institute of Australia, Docklands, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trent","family":"Stellingwerff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Sport Institute-Pacific, Victoria, BC, Canada"},{"name":"Exercise Science, Physical & Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Burden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"English Institute of Sport, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Faculty of Sport, Allied Health and Performance Science, St Mary\u2019s University, Twickenham, United Kingdom"},{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Peeling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia"},{"name":"Western Australian Institute of Sport, Mt Claremont, WA, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"r1","series-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098958","article-title":"Low energy availability surrogates correlate with health and performance consequences of relative energy deficiency in sport","volume":"53","author":"Ackerman, K.E.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ackerman, K.E., Holtzman, B., Cooper, K.M., Flynn, E.F., Bruinvels, G., Tenforde, A.S., Popp, K.L., Simpkin, A.J., & Parziale, A.L. 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