{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T16:59:25Z","timestamp":1770742765068,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study compared the recommended dose of sodium citrate (SC, 500\u00a0mg\/kg body mass) and sodium bicarbonate (SB, 300\u00a0mg\/kg body mass) for blood alkalosis (blood [HCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>]) and gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS; number and severity). Sixteen healthy individuals ingested the supplements in a randomized, crossover design. Gelatin capsules were ingested over 15\u00a0min alongside a carbohydrate-rich meal, after which participants remained seated for forearm venous blood sample collection and completion of GIS questionnaires every 30\u00a0min for 300\u00a0min. Time-course and session value (i.e.,\u00a0peak and time to peak) comparisons of SC and SB supplementation were performed using linear mixed models. Peak blood [HCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>] was similar for SC (mean 34.2, 95% confidence intervals [33.4, 35.0]\u00a0mmol\/L) and SB (mean 33.6, 95% confidence intervals [32.8, 34.5]\u00a0mmol\/L, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.308), as was delta blood [HCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>] (SC\u2009=\u20097.9\u00a0mmol\/L; SB\u2009=\u20097.3\u00a0mmol\/L, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.478). Blood [HCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>] was\u2009\u22656\u00a0mmol\/L above baseline from 180 to 240\u00a0min postingestion for SC, significantly later than for SB (120\u2013180\u00a0min; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). GIS were mostly minor, and peaked 80\u201390\u00a0min postingestion for SC, and 35\u201350\u00a0min postingestion for SB. There were no significant differences for the number or severity of GIS reported (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05 for all parameters). In summary, the recommended doses of SC and SB induce similar blood alkalosis and GIS, but with a different time course.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2022-0083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T07:53:34Z","timestamp":1663228414000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A Comparison of Sodium Citrate and Sodium Bicarbonate\u00a0Ingestion: Blood Alkalosis and Gastrointestinal Symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9467-0077","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Charles S.","family":"Urwin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sport Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4796-6916","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rodney J.","family":"Snow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Condo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sport Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia"},{"name":"Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3754-6782","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rhiannon M.J.","family":"Snipe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sport Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6617-4359","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Glenn D.","family":"Wadley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5656-9106","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lilia","family":"Convit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sport Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3855-2540","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amelia J.","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sport Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"key":"r1","series-title":"Frontiers in Nutrition,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2020.00138","article-title":"The impact of individualizing sodium bicarbonate supplementation strategies on world-class rowing performance","volume":"7,","author":"Boegman, S.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Boegman, S., Stellingwerff, T., Shaw, G., Clarke, N., Graham, K., Cross, R., & Siegler, J.C. 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