{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T09:58:14Z","timestamp":1756893494028,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Deuterium oxide (D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O) appearance in blood is a marker of fluid bioavailability. However, whether biomarker robustness (e.g.,\u00a0relative fluid delivery speed) is consistent across analytical methods (e.g.,\u00a0cavity ring-down spectroscopy) remains unclear. Fourteen men ingested fluid (6\u00a0ml\/kg body mass) containing 0.15\u00a0g\/kg D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O followed by 45\u00a0min blood sampling. Plasma (D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O) was detected (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098) by the following: isotope-ratio mass spectrometry after vapor equilibration (IRMS-equilibrated water) or distillation (IRMS-plasma) and cavity ring-down spectroscopy. Two models calculated D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O halftime to peak (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1\/2max<\/jats:sub>): sigmoid curve fit versus asymmetric triangle (TRI). Background (D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O) differed (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001, \u03b7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u2009.98) among IRMS-equilibrated water, IRMS-plasma, and cavity ring-down spectroscopy (152.2\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8, 147.2\u2009\u00b1\u20091.5, and 137.7\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2\u00a0ppm), but did not influence (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05) D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O appearance (\u0394ppm), time to peak, or <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1\/2max<\/jats:sub>. Stratifying participants based on mean <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1\/2max<\/jats:sub> (12\u00a0min) into \u201cslow\u201d versus \u201cfast\u201d subgroups resulted in a 5.8\u00a0min difference (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001, \u03b7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u2009.73). Significant <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1\/2max<\/jats:sub> model (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.01, \u03b7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u2009.44) and Model\u2009\u00d7\u2009Speed Subgroup interaction (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.005, \u03b7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u2009.50) effects were observed. Bias between TRI and sigmoid curve fit increased with <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1\/2max<\/jats:sub> speed: no difference (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.75) for fast (9.0\u00a0min vs. 9.2\u00a0min, respectively) but greater <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1\/2max<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001) with TRI for the slow subgroup (16.1\u00a0min vs. 13.7\u00a0min). Fluid bioavailability markers are less influenced by which laboratory method is used to measure D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O as compared with the individual variability effects that influence models for calculating <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1\/2max<\/jats:sub>. Thus, TRI model may not be appropriate for individuals with slow fluid delivery speeds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2022-0153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T09:51:50Z","timestamp":1673517110000},"page":"102-111","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Individual Variability Is More Important Than Analytical Methods When Calculating Relative Speed of Beverage Bioavailability"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2127-9659","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Edward M.","family":"Balog","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5192-8402","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mateo","family":"Golloshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4549-5196","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"HyunGyu","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2944-1494","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Melinda","family":"Millard-Stafford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"r1","series-title":"European Journal of Applied Physiology,","first-page":"477","article-title":"Accumulation of 2H2O in plasma and eccrine sweat during exercise-heat stress","volume":"108","author":"Armstrong, L.E.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Armstrong, L.E., Klau, J.F., Ganio, M.S., McDermott, B.P., Yeargin, S.W., Lee, E.C., & Maresh, C.M. 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