{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T02:08:36Z","timestamp":1782266916389,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>First morning urine (FMU) assessment would be a practical and convenient solution for clinically acceptable detection of underhydration prior to competition\/training, and for the general public. Thus, we thus sought to determine the diagnostic accuracy of FMU as a valid indicator of recent (previous 24\u00a0hr, 5\u00a0days average) hydration practices. For 5 consecutive days and one final morning, 67 healthy women (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200938) and men (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200929; age: 20 [1]\u00a0years, body mass index: 25.9 [5.5]) completed 24-hr diet logs for total water intake (from beverages and foods, absolute and relative to body mass), 24-hr urine and FMU collection (last morning only) for osmolality\u00a0(Osm), specific gravity\u00a0(SG), and color\u00a0(Col), and morning blood sampling for plasma osmolality and copeptin. Correlations determined significance and relationship strength among FMU and all other variables. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratios were employed using previously reported values to indicate underhydration (total water intake\u2009&lt;\u200930\u00a0ml\/kg, osmolality\u2009&gt;\u2009500, and &gt;800\u00a0mOsm\/kg, specific gravity\u2009&gt;\u20091.017, and copeptin\u2009&gt;\u20096.93 pmol\/L). FMU_Osm and FMU_SG were significantly correlated (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) to all variables except the previous 5-day plasma osmolality. FMU_Col was only significantly correlated with other color time intervals and total water intake per gram. FMU_Osm held greatest utility (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity &gt;80%) overall, with the best outcome being FMU_Osm indicating a previous 24-hr osmolality threshold of 500\u00a0mOsm\/kg (FMU_Osm criterion &gt;710\u00a0mOsm\/kg and positive likelihood ratio\u2009=\u20095.9). With less effort and cost restriction, FMU is a viable metric to assess underhydration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2022-0203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T15:46:41Z","timestamp":1684943201000},"page":"265-274","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Characterizing Hydration Practices in Healthy Young Recreationally Active Adults\u2014Is There Utility in First Morning Urine Sampling?"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3345-9411","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Colleen X.","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1377-0234","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael F.","family":"Bergeron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT, USA"},{"name":"Women\u2019s Tennis Association (WTA), St. Petersburg, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"r1","series-title":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition,","first-page":"249","article-title":"Interpreting common hydration biomarkers on the basis of solute and water excretion","volume":"67","author":"Armstrong, L.E.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Armstrong, L.E., Johnson, E.C., McKenzie, A.L., & Mu\u00f1oz, C.X. 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A journey through the early evidence linking hydration to metabolic health. 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