{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T03:31:15Z","timestamp":1792467075442,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    There is little evidence that body size alters exogenous glucose oxidation rates during exercise. This study assessed whether larger people oxidize more exogenous glucose during exercise than smaller people. Fifteen cyclists were allocated into two groups based on body mass (SMALL, &lt;70\u00a0kg body mass,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20099, two females) or (LARGE, &gt;70\u00a0kg body mass,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20096) matched for lactate threshold (SMALL: 2.3\u2009\u00b1\u20090.4\u00a0W\/kg, LARGE: 2.3\u2009\u00b1\u20090.3\u00a0W\/kg). SMALL completed 120\u00a0min of cycling at 95% of lactate threshold\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    . LARGE completed two trials in a random order, one at 95% of lactate threshold\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    (thereby exercising at the same relative intensity [RELATIVE]) and one at an absolute intensity matched to SMALL (ABSOLUTE). In all trials, cyclists ingested 90 g\/hr of\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C-enriched glucose. Total exogenous glucose oxidation was (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009\n                    <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) 33\u2009\u00b1\u20098 g\/hr in SMALL versus 45\u2009\u00b1\u200913 g\/hr in LARGE-RELATIVE (mean difference: 13 g\/hr, 95% confidence interval [2, 24] g\/hr,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.03). Large positive correlations were observed for measures of exogenous carbohydrate oxidation versus body size (body mass, height, and body surface area; e.g.,\u00a0body surface area vs. peak exogenous glucose oxidation,\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.85, 95% confidence interval [.51, .95],\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.01). When larger athletes reduced the intensity from RELATIVE to ABSOLUTE, total exogenous glucose oxidation was 39\u2009\u00b1\u20097 g\/hr (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.43 vs. LARGE-RELATIVE). In conclusion, the capacity for exogenous glucose oxidation is, on average, higher in larger athletes than smaller athletes during exercise. The extent to which this is due to higher absolute exercise intensity requires further research, but body size may be a consideration in tailoring sports nutrition guidelines for carbohydrate intake during exercise.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2024-0097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T16:04:05Z","timestamp":1727453045000},"page":"12-23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Exogenous Glucose Oxidation During Exercise Is Positively Related to Body Size"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Ijaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam J.","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Moreno-Caba\u00f1as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Bradshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Hutchins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"Betts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Podlogar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1400-0859","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gareth A.","family":"Wallis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9939-0074","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Javier T.","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Nutrition, Exercise and Metabolism, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"r1","series-title":"The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1398","article-title":"Mechanism and effects of glucose absorption during an oral glucose tolerance test among females and males","volume":"96","author":"Anderwald, C.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Anderwald, C., Gastaldelli, A., Tura, A., Krebs, M., Promintzer-Schifferl, M., Kautzky-Willer, A., Stadler, M., DeFronzo, R.A., Pacini, G., & Bischof, M.G. (2011). Mechanism and effects of glucose absorption during an oral glucose tolerance test among females and males. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 96(2), 515\u2013524. 10.1210\/jc.2010-1398"},{"issue":"10","key":"r2","series-title":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318264526f","article-title":"Thinking outside the bag (not necessarily outside the lab)","volume":"44","author":"Betts, J.A.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Betts, J.A., & Thompson, D. (2012). Thinking outside the bag (not necessarily outside the lab). Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 44(10), Article 2040; author reply 2041. 10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318264526f"},{"key":"r4","series-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2010.01185.x","article-title":"Fueling strategies to optimize performance: Training high or training low?","volume":"20","author":"Burke, L.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Burke, L. (2010). Fueling strategies to optimize performance: Training high or training low? Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 20, 48\u201358. 10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2010.01185.x"},{"issue":"17","key":"r5","series-title":"Food, Nutrition and Sports Performance III,","first-page":"17","article-title":"Carbohydrates for training and competition","volume":"29","author":"Burke, L.M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Burke, L.M., Hawley, J.A., Wong, S.H., & Jeukendrup, A.E. (2013). Carbohydrates for training and competition. Food, Nutrition and Sports Performance III, 29(17), 17\u201327."},{"issue":"11","key":"r6","series-title":"Sports Medicine,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-013-0079-0","article-title":"The use of carbohydrates during exercise as an ergogenic aid","volume":"43","author":"Cermak, N.M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cermak, N.M., & van Loon, L.J. (2013). The use of carbohydrates during exercise as an ergogenic aid. Sports Medicine, 43(11), 1139\u20131155. 10.1007\/s40279-013-0079-0"},{"key":"r7","series-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences","author":"Cohen, J.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates."},{"issue":"1","key":"r8","series-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1986.61.1.165","article-title":"Muscle glycogen utilization during prolonged strenuous exercise when fed carbohydrate","volume":"61","author":"Coyle, E.F.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Coyle, E.F., Coggan, A.R., Hemmert, M., & Ivy, J.L. (1986). Muscle glycogen utilization during prolonged strenuous exercise when fed carbohydrate. Journal of Applied Physiology, 61(1), 165\u2013172. 10.1152\/jappl.1986.61.1.165"},{"issue":"3","key":"r9","series-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E362","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1984.247.3.E362","article-title":"Effect of a mixed meal on hepatic lactate and gluconeogenic precursor metabolism in dogs","volume":"247","author":"Davis, M.A.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Davis, M.A., Williams, P.E., & Cherrington, A.D. (1984). Effect of a mixed meal on hepatic lactate and gluconeogenic precursor metabolism in dogs. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 247(3), E362\u2013E369. 10.1152\/ajpendo.1984.247.3.E362"},{"key":"r3","series-title":"Nutrition,","first-page":"303","article-title":"A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known. 1916","volume":"5","author":"Du\u00a0Bois, D.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Du\u00a0Bois, D., & Du\u00a0Bois, E.F. (1989). A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known. 1916. Nutrition, 5, 303\u2013311."},{"issue":"11","key":"r10","series-title":"Diabetes Care,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3691","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-0592","article-title":"Impact of glucose tolerance status, sex, and body size on glucose absorption patterns during OGTTs","volume":"36","author":"F\u00e6rch, K.","year":"2013","unstructured":"F\u00e6rch, K., Pacini, G., Nolan, J.J., Hansen, T., Tura, A., & Vistisen, D. (2013). Impact of glucose tolerance status, sex, and body size on glucose absorption patterns during OGTTs. Diabetes Care, 36(11), 3691\u20133697. 10.2337\/dc13-0592"},{"issue":"2","key":"r11","series-title":"J Applied Physiology Respiration Environment Exercise Physiology,","first-page":"628","article-title":"Calculation of substrate oxidation rates in vivo from gaseous exchange","volume":"55","author":"Frayn, K.N.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Frayn, K.N. (1983). Calculation of substrate oxidation rates in vivo from gaseous exchange. J Applied Physiology Respiration Environment Exercise Physiology, 55(2), 628\u2013634. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/6618956"},{"issue":"14","key":"r12","series-title":"The Journal of Physiology,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3549","DOI":"10.1113\/JP277116","article-title":"Fructose co\u2010ingestion to increase carbohydrate availability in athletes","volume":"597","author":"Fuchs, C.J.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fuchs, C.J., Gonzalez, J.T., & Van Loon, L.J. (2019). Fructose co\u2010ingestion to increase carbohydrate availability in athletes. The Journal of Physiology, 597(14), 3549\u20133560. 10.1113\/JP277116"},{"issue":"4","key":"r13","series-title":"Nutrients,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9040344","article-title":"Glucose plus fructose ingestion for post-exercise recovery\u2014Greater than the sum of its parts?","volume":"9","author":"Gonzalez, J.T.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gonzalez, J.T., Fuchs, C.J., Betts, J.A., & Van Loon, L.J. (2017). Glucose plus fructose ingestion for post-exercise recovery\u2014Greater than the sum of its parts? Nutrients, 9(4), Article 344. 10.3390\/nu9040344"},{"issue":"12","key":"r14","series-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1032","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00376.2015","article-title":"Ingestion of glucose or sucrose prevents liver but not muscle glycogen depletion during prolonged endurance-type exercise in trained cyclists","volume":"309","author":"Gonzalez, J.T.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gonzalez, J.T., Fuchs, C.J., Smith, F.E., Thelwall, P.E., Taylor, R., Stevenson, E.J., Trenell, M.I., Cermak, N.M., & Van Loon, L.J. (2015). Ingestion of glucose or sucrose prevents liver but not muscle glycogen depletion during prolonged endurance-type exercise in trained cyclists. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 309(12), E1032\u2013E1039. 10.1152\/ajpendo.00376.2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"r15","series-title":"International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2022-0170","article-title":"For flux sake: Isotopic tracer methods of monitoring human carbohydrate metabolism during exercise","volume":"33","author":"Gonzalez, J.T.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gonzalez, J.T., & King, A.J. (2023). For flux sake: Isotopic tracer methods of monitoring human carbohydrate metabolism during exercise. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 33(1), 60\u201370. 10.1123\/ijsnem.2022-0170"},{"key":"r16","series-title":"Research Square,","article-title":"Are there interindividual differences in the reactive hypoglycaemia response to breakfast? A replicate crossover trial","volume":"10","author":"Gonzalez, J.T.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gonzalez, J.T., Lolli, L., Veasey, R.C., Rumbold, P.L., Betts, J.A., & Stevenson, E.J. (2024). Are there interindividual differences in the reactive hypoglycaemia response to breakfast? A replicate crossover trial. Research Square, 10, Article 405."},{"issue":"4","key":"r17","series-title":"Physiological Reviews,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00034.2006","article-title":"The physiology of glucagon-like peptide 1","volume":"87","author":"Holst, J.J.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Holst, J.J. (2007). The physiology of glucagon-like peptide 1. Physiological Reviews, 87(4), 1409\u20131439. 10.1152\/physrev.00034.2006"},{"issue":"7","key":"r18","series-title":"PLoS One,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0199794","article-title":"Manipulating graded exercise test variables affects the validity of the lactate threshold and V\u02d9O2 peak","volume":"13","author":"Jamnick, N.A.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jamnick, N.A., Botella, J., Pyne, D.B., & Bishop, D.J. (2018). Manipulating graded exercise test variables affects the validity of the lactate threshold and V\u02d9O2 peak. PLoS One, 13(7), Article 199794. 10.1371\/journal.pone.0199794"},{"issue":"4","key":"r19","series-title":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0b013e328339de9f","article-title":"Carbohydrate and exercise performance: The role of multiple transportable carbohydrates","volume":"13","author":"Jeukendrup, A.E.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jeukendrup, A.E. (2010). Carbohydrate and exercise performance: The role of multiple transportable carbohydrates. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, 13(4), 452\u2013457. 10.1097\/MCO.0b013e328339de9f"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"r20","series-title":"International Journal of Sports Medicine,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S28","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-830512","article-title":"Measurement of substrate oxidation during exercise by means of gas exchange measurements","volume":"26","author":"Jeukendrup, A.E.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jeukendrup, A.E., & Wallis, G.A. (2005). Measurement of substrate oxidation during exercise by means of gas exchange measurements. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 26(Suppl. 1), S28\u2013S37. 10.1055\/s-2004-830512"},{"issue":"5","key":"r21","series-title":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2010.29566","article-title":"Fructose and glucose co-ingestion during prolonged exercise increases lactate and glucose fluxes and oxidation compared with an equimolar intake of glucose","volume":"92","author":"Lecoultre, V.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lecoultre, V., Benoit, R., Carrel, G., Schutz, Y., Millet, G.P., Tappy, L., & Schneiter, P. (2010). Fructose and glucose co-ingestion during prolonged exercise increases lactate and glucose fluxes and oxidation compared with an equimolar intake of glucose. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 92(5), 1071\u20131079. 10.3945\/ajcn.2010.29566"},{"issue":"8","key":"r22","series-title":"European Journal of Sport Science,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2020.1813336","article-title":"The effect of calcium co-ingestion on exogenous glucose oxidation during endurance exercise in healthy men: A pilot study","volume":"21","author":"Narang, B.J.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Narang, B.J., Wallis, G.A., & Gonzalez, J.T. (2021). The effect of calcium co-ingestion on exogenous glucose oxidation during endurance exercise in healthy men: A pilot study. European Journal of Sport Science, 21(8), 1156\u20131164. 10.1080\/17461391.2020.1813336"},{"issue":"9","key":"r23","series-title":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31828e12d4","article-title":"Fructose\u2013maltodextrin ratio governs exogenous and other CHO oxidation and performance","volume":"45","author":"O\u2019Brien, W.J.","year":"2013","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien, W.J., Stannard, S.R., Clarke, J.A., & Rowlands, D.S. (2013). Fructose\u2013maltodextrin ratio governs exogenous and other CHO oxidation and performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 45(9), 1814\u20131824. 10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31828e12d4"},{"issue":"5","key":"r24","series-title":"Clinical Radiology,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(78)80043-9","article-title":"Correlations between duodenal loop size and external body measurements","volume":"29","author":"Owen, J.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Owen, J., & Keir, M. (1978). Correlations between duodenal loop size and external body measurements. Clinical Radiology, 29(5), 523\u2013527. 10.1016\/S0009-9260(78)80043-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"r25","series-title":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S1095-6433(98)10100-9","article-title":"Scaling of dimensions of small intestines in non-ruminant eutherian mammals and its significance for absorptive mechanisms","volume":"121","author":"Pappenheimer, J.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Pappenheimer, J. (1998). Scaling of dimensions of small intestines in non-ruminant eutherian mammals and its significance for absorptive mechanisms. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 121(1), 45\u201358. 10.1016\/S1095-6433(98)10100-9"},{"issue":"11","key":"r26","series-title":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181e0efc9","article-title":"Oxidation of solid versus liquid CHO sources during exercise","volume":"42","author":"Pfeiffer, B.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pfeiffer, B., Stellingwerff, T., Zaltas, E., & Jeukendrup, A.E. (2010). Oxidation of solid versus liquid CHO sources during exercise. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 42(11), 2030\u20132037. 10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181e0efc9"},{"key":"r27","series-title":"Frontiers in Nutrition,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2020.00082","article-title":"Impact of post-exercise fructose-maltodextrin ingestion on subsequent endurance performance","volume":"7","author":"Podlogar, T.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Podlogar, T., & Wallis, G.A. (2020). Impact of post-exercise fructose-maltodextrin ingestion on subsequent endurance performance. Frontiers in Nutrition, 7, Article 82. 10.3389\/fnut.2020.00082"},{"issue":"3","key":"r28","series-title":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31890eb86","article-title":"American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Nutrition and athletic performance","volume":"41","author":"Rodriguez, N.R.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rodriguez, N.R., Di Marco, N.M., & Langley, S. (2009). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Nutrition and athletic performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41(3), 709\u2013731. 10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31890eb86"},{"issue":"11","key":"r29","series-title":"Sports Medicine,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-020-01343-3","article-title":"Primary, secondary, and tertiary effects of carbohydrate ingestion during exercise","volume":"50","author":"Rollo, I.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rollo, I., Gonzalez, J.T., Fuchs, C.J., van Loon, L.J., & Williams, C. (2020). Primary, secondary, and tertiary effects of carbohydrate ingestion during exercise. Sports Medicine, 50(11), 1863\u20131871. 10.1007\/s40279-020-01343-3"},{"issue":"10","key":"r30","series-title":"European Journal of Applied Physiology,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2657","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-021-04737-x","article-title":"Gastrointestinal pathophysiology during endurance exercise: Endocrine, microbiome, and nutritional influences","volume":"121","author":"Smith, K.A.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Smith, K.A., Pugh, J.N., Duca, F.A., Close, G.L., & Ormsbee, M.J. (2021). Gastrointestinal pathophysiology during endurance exercise: Endocrine, microbiome, and nutritional influences. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 121(10), 2657\u20132674. 10.1007\/s00421-021-04737-x"},{"key":"r31","series-title":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000852","article-title":"Nutrition and athletic performance","volume":"48","author":"Thomas, D.T.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Thomas, D.T., Erdman, K.A., & Burke, L.M. (2016). Nutrition and athletic performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 48, 543\u2013568. 10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000852"},{"issue":"1","key":"r32","series-title":"The Journal of Physiology,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.00295.x","article-title":"The effects of increasing exercise intensity on muscle fuel utilisation in humans","volume":"536","author":"van Loon, L.J.","year":"2001","unstructured":"van Loon, L.J., Greenhaff, P.L., Constantin-Teodosiu, D., Saris, W.H., & Wagenmakers, A.J. (2001). The effects of increasing exercise intensity on muscle fuel utilisation in humans. The Journal of Physiology, 536(1), 295\u2013304. 10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.00295.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"r33","series-title":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000241645.28467.d3","article-title":"Dose\u2013response effects of ingested carbohydrate on exercise metabolism in women","volume":"39","author":"Wallis, G.A.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wallis, G.A., Yeo, S.E., Blannin, A.K., & Jeukendrup, A.E. (2007). Dose\u2013response effects of ingested carbohydrate on exercise metabolism in women. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 39(1), 131\u2013138. 10.1249\/01.mss.0000241645.28467.d3"},{"issue":"6","key":"r34","series-title":"Gut,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.8.6.618","article-title":"Surface area of the small intestine in man","volume":"8","author":"Wilson, J.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Wilson, J. (1967). Surface area of the small intestine in man. Gut, 8(6), Article 618. 10.1136\/gut.8.6.618"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/ijsnem\/35\/1\/article-p12.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ijsnem\/35\/1\/article-p12.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ijsnem\/35\/1\/article-p12.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T20:02:32Z","timestamp":1734552152000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/ijsnem\/35\/1\/article-p12.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/ijsnem.2024-0097","relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-484X","1543-2742"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-484X","type":"print"},{"value":"1543-2742","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]]}}}