{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:27:11Z","timestamp":1787016431307,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Caffeine (CAF) mouth rinsing has been considered a practical nutritional strategy among athletes. Recent studies indicate that this nutritional strategy\u2019s efficacy may depend on the athlete\u2019s prandial state. Therefore, the main aim of the current study is to determine the effect of CAF mouth rinsing on a battery of soccer-specific tests of soccer players in fasted (FST) or fed states (FED). Thirteen male soccer players (age: 18.1\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9\u00a0years, body mass: 60.1\u2009\u00b1\u20098.4\u00a0kg, height: 174.2\u2009\u00b1\u20097.3\u00a0cm, and body mass index: 20.14\u2009\u00b1\u20092.7\u00a0kg\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) randomly participated in a randomized, double-blind, Latin square study design. Participants completed four experimental trials while performing eight serial mouth rinses of 750-mg CAF or a taste-matched placebo (PLA) for 15\u00a0s and then immediately expectorated. Two trials commenced 2\u00a0hr after a high-carbohydrate breakfast (FED), and two trials were performed after an overnight fast (FST). Following the final mouth rinse, sprint test, countermovement jump, Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1, and rating of perceived exertion were measured, respectively. There was a main effect of condition for Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 performance (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.021), while interaction between Condition\u2009\u00d7\u2009Prandial (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.671) and the main effect of prandial state (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.437) was not significant for Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (CAF-FST\u2009=\u20092,155\u2009\u00b1\u2009484\u00a0m, PLA-FST\u2009=\u20091,933\u2009\u00b1\u2009549\u00a0m, CAF-FED\u2009=\u20092,098\u2009\u00b1\u2009679\u00a0m, and PLA-FED\u2009=\u20091,864\u2009\u00b1\u2009535\u00a0m). In addition, there was no significant main effect of condition, prandial, and interaction between Condition\u2009\u00d7\u2009Prandial for the sprint test and countermovement jump and the rating of perceived exertion (all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u2009.5). These data suggest that CAF mouth rinsing increases intermittent running performance in soccer players. This improvement is likely to be similar in the FST and FED states.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2025-0040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T18:56:05Z","timestamp":1757444165000},"page":"530-539","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Effects of Caffeine Mouth Rinsing During the Battery of Soccer-Specific Tests in the Trained Male Soccer Players: Fasted Versus Fed State"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7589-5736","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hossein","family":"Miraftabi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8927-0731","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hossein","family":"Ghorbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Allameh Tabataba\u2019i University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3327-3434","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pedram","family":"Souzandeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Allameh Tabataba\u2019i University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4886-7063","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Erfan","family":"Berjisian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8539-4306","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alireza","family":"Naderi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3592-0010","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shima","family":"Mojtahedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0458-7294","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chad","family":"Kerksick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"r1","series-title":"Journal of Applied Biomechanics,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.2016-0104","article-title":"The validity and reliability of an iPhone app for measuring running mechanics","volume":"33","author":"Balsalobre-Fern\u00e1ndez, C.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Balsalobre-Fern\u00e1ndez, C., Agopyan, H., & Morin, J.-B. 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