{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:17:25Z","timestamp":1790745445784,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"purpose\"><jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the effects of a whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) protocol (3 min at \u2013110\u00b0C) on acute recovery and key variables of endurance performance during high-intensity intermittent exercise in a thermoneutral environment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eleven endurance athletes were tested twice in a randomized crossover design in which 5 \u00d7 5 min of high-intensity running (HIR) were followed by 1 h of passive rest at ~22\u00b0C, including either 3 min of whole-body exposure to \u2013110\u00b0C (WBC) or a placebo intervention of 3 min walking (PBO). A ramp-test protocol was performed before HIR (R1) and after the 1-h recovery period (R2). Time to exhaustion (<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>lim<\/jats:sub>) was measured along with alterations in oxygen content of the vastus lateralis (TSI), oxygen consumption (VO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), capillary blood lactate, heart rate (HR), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during submaximal and maximal running.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The difference in <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>lim<\/jats:sub> between R1 and R2 was lower in WBC than in PBO (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05, effect size <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic> = 1.13). During R2, TSI was higher in WBC during submaximal and maximal running (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .01, <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic> = 0.68\u22121.01). In addition, VO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, HR, and RPE were lower at submaximal level of R2 after WBC than in PBO (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .04 to &lt;.01, <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic> = 0.23\u22120.83).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>WBC improves acute recovery during high-intensity intermittent exercise in thermoneutral conditions. The improvements might be induced by enhanced oxygenation of the working muscles, as well as a reduction in cardiovascular strain and increased work economy at submaximal intensities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2014-0392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,5]],"date-time":"2015-01-05T14:36:42Z","timestamp":1420468602000},"page":"605-612","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Whole-Body Cryotherapy\u2019s Enhancement of Acute Recovery of Running Performance in Well-Trained Athletes"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Malte","family":"Kr\u00fcger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"de Mare\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl-Heinrich","family":"Dittmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Billy","family":"Sperlich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Mester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","container-title":["International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/ijspp\/10\/5\/article-p605.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ijspp\/10\/5\/article-p605.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]],"date-time":"2022-05-19T18:45:35Z","timestamp":1652985935000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/ijspp\/10\/5\/article-p605.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/ijspp.2014-0392","relation":{},"ISSN":["1555-0265","1555-0273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1555-0265","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-0273","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}}}