{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T21:14:07Z","timestamp":1790198047275,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic><jats:bold>Purpose<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Dietary nitrate supplementation has been reported to improve performance in kayaking and rowing exercise, which mandate significant recruitment of the upper-body musculature. Because the effect of dietary nitrate supplementation on swimming performance is unclear, the purpose of this study was to assess the effect of dietary nitrate supplementation on 100-m and 200-m swimming freestyle time-trial (TT) performance. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> In a double-blind, randomized crossover design, 10 moderately trained swimmers underwent 2 separate 3-d supplementation periods, with a daily dose of either 140\u00a0mL nitrate-rich (\u223c800\u00a0mg\/d nitrate) or nitrate-depleted (PLA) beetroot juice (BRJ). After blood sampling on day 3, the swimmers performed both 200-m and 100-m freestyle swimming TTs, with 30 min recovery between trials. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Plasma nitrite concentration was greater after BRJ relative to PLA consumption (432 [203]\u00a0nmol\/L, 111 [56]\u00a0nmol\/L, respectively, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001). Systolic blood pressure was lowered after BRJ compared with PLA supplementation (114 [10], 120 [10]\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg, respectively <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001), but time to complete the 200-m (BRJ 152.6 [14.1]\u00a0s, PLA 152.5 [14.1]\u00a0s) and 100-m (BRJ 69.5 [7.2]\u00a0s, PLA 69.4 [7.4]\u00a0s) freestyle swimming TTs was not different between BRJ and PLA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). <jats:italic><jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Although 3 d of BRJ supplementation increased plasma nitrite concentration and lowered blood pressure, it did not improve 100-m and 200-m swimming TT performance. These results do not support an ergogenic effect of nitrate supplementation in moderately trained swimmers, at least for 100-m and 200-m freestyle swimming performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2018-0654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,14]],"date-time":"2018-11-14T15:47:28Z","timestamp":1542210448000},"page":"706-710","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["No Effect of Beetroot Juice Supplementation on 100-m and 200-m Swimming Performance in Moderately Trained Swimmers"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ozcan","family":"Esen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ceri","family":"Nicholas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen 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