{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T15:30:49Z","timestamp":1771342249251,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"abstract":"Purpose<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Sleep deprivation (SD) is very common during ultraendurance competitions. At present, stimulants such as caffeine and naps are the main strategies used to reduce the negative effects of SD on ultraendurance performance. In this case study, the authors describe the application of a novel strategy consisting of the intermittent repetition of SD (SD training [SDT]) during the weeks preceding an ultraendurance competition. Methods<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> A male ultraendurance runner underwent a 6-week SDT program (consisting of 1 night SD every Sunday) in addition to his regular physical training program before taking part in a 6-day race. Before and after SDT, the participant performed 5 consecutive days of daily 2-hour constant-pace running with SD on the first and third night. Psychological and physiological responses were measured during this multiday test. Results<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> SDT was well tolerated by the athlete. A visual analysis of the data suggests that including SDT in the weeks preceding an ultraendurance competition may have beneficial effects on sleepiness and perceived mental effort in the context of 5 consecutive days of prolonged running and 2 nights of SD. This multiday test seems a feasible way for assessing ultraendurance athletes in the laboratory. Conclusions<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> The results provided some encouraging initial information about SDT that needs to be confirmed in a randomized controlled trial in a group of ultraendurance athletes. If confirmed to be effective and well tolerated, SDT might be used in the future to help ultraendurance athletes and other populations that have to perform in conditions of SD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T14:24:56Z","timestamp":1639578296000},"page":"499-503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Sleep Deprivation Training to Reduce the Negative Effects of Sleep Loss on Endurance Performance: A Single Case Study"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Chiara","family":"Gattoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Girardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barry Vincent","family":"O\u2019Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuele","family":"Maria Marcora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"key":"ref81","first-page":"139","volume-title":"Advances in Psychology","author":"Hart","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4","article-title":"The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research","volume":"28","author":"Buysse","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1080\/10413200008404215","article-title":"Normative values for the profile of mood states for use with athletic samples","volume":"12","author":"Terry","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Appl Sport Psychol"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"97","article-title":"A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms","volume":"4","author":"Horne","year":"1976","journal-title":"Int J Chronobiol"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.11.3.304","article-title":"Not what, but how one feels: the measurement of affect during exercise","volume":"11","author":"Hardy","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Sport Exerc Psychol"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1249\/JSR.0b013e318237fcdf","article-title":"Nutrition update for the ultra-endurance athlete","volume":"10","author":"Getzin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"ref161","first-page":"97","article-title":"A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms","volume":"4","author":"Horne","year":"1976","journal-title":"Int J Chronobiol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-014-0260-0","article-title":"Sleep and athletic performance: the effects of sleep loss on exercise performance, and physiological and cognitive responses to exercise","volume":"45","author":"Fullagar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1080\/02678379508256574","article-title":"A new quantitative method for assessing sleepiness: the alpha attenuation test","volume":"9","author":"Stampi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Work & Stress"},{"key":"ref201","first-page":"139","volume-title":"Advances in Psychology","author":"Hart","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2017.12.002","article-title":"Single-case experimental designs to assess intervention effectiveness in rehabilitation: a practical guide","volume":"61","author":"Krasny-Pacini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/14.6.540","article-title":"A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale","volume":"14","author":"Johns","year":"1991","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0194705","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194705","article-title":"Sleep habits and strategies of ultramarathon runners","volume":"13","author":"Martin","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1080\/10413200008404215","article-title":"Normative values for the profile of mood states for use with athletic samples","volume":"12","author":"Terry","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Appl Sport Psychol"},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2017.12.002","article-title":"Single-case experimental designs to assess intervention effectiveness in rehabilitation: a practical guide","volume":"61","author":"Krasny-Pacini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/14.6.540","article-title":"A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale","volume":"14","author":"Johns","year":"1991","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1249\/JSR.0b013e318237fcdf","article-title":"Nutrition update for the ultra-endurance athlete","volume":"10","author":"Getzin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1080\/02678379508256574","article-title":"A new quantitative method for assessing sleepiness: the alpha attenuation test","volume":"9","author":"Stampi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Work & Stress"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4","article-title":"The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research","volume":"28","author":"Buysse","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"ref01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0194705","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194705","article-title":"Sleep habits and strategies of ultramarathon runners","volume":"13","author":"Martin","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"104","volume-title":"Borg\u2019s Perceived Exertion and Pain Scales","author":"Borg","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-014-0260-0","article-title":"Sleep and athletic performance: the effects of sleep loss on exercise performance, and physiological and cognitive responses to exercise","volume":"45","author":"Fullagar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"ref171","first-page":"104","volume-title":"Borg\u2019s Perceived Exertion and Pain Scales","author":"Borg","year":"1998"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.11.3.304","article-title":"Not what, but how one feels: the measurement of affect during exercise","volume":"11","author":"Hardy","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Sport Exerc Psychol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/ijspp\/17\/3\/article-p499.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ijspp\/17\/3\/article-p499.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]],"date-time":"2022-05-19T18:27:45Z","timestamp":1652984865000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/ijspp\/17\/3\/article-p499.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0230","relation":{},"ISSN":["1555-0265","1555-0273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1555-0265","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-0273","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]}}}