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This study examined whether chronic elevations in basal levels of cytokines and hepcidin were associated with ID in highly trained runners. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Fifty-four collegiate runners (26 males and 28 females) living at \u223c1625\u00a0m were recruited from an NCAA Division I cross-country team for this prospective cohort study. Over 2 seasons, fasted, preexercise blood draws were performed in the morning 4 times per season and were analyzed for hemoglobin concentration, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), hepcidin, and 10 cytokines. Stages of ID were defined using ferritin, sTfR, and hemoglobin concentration. During the study, a registered dietician provided all runners with iron supplements using athletic department\u2013created guidelines. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Fifty-seven percent of females and 35% of males exhibited stage 2 ID (ferritin\u2009&lt;20\u00a0ng\/mL or sTfR\u2009&gt;29.5\u00a0nmol\/L) at least once. Cytokines, ferritin, and sTfR exhibited changes through the 2\u00a0years, but changes in cytokines were not associated with alterations in hepcidin, ferritin, or sTfR. In males and females, lower ferritin was associated with lower hepcidin (both <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001). One female exhibited higher hepcidin and lower iron stores compared with other individuals, suggesting a different etiology of ID. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> ID is common in highly trained collegiate runners. In general, the high prevalence of ID in this population is not associated with alterations in basal hepcidin or cytokine levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0546","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]],"date-time":"2022-11-07T06:29:17Z","timestamp":1667802557000},"page":"1716-1724","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Iron Status and Homeostasis Across 2 Competitive Seasons in NCAA Division I Collegiate Cross-Country Runners Residing at Low Altitude"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jesse A.","family":"Goodrich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dillon J.","family":"Frisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sewan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"VanBaak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marissa","family":"Holliday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intercollegiate Athletics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Rueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intercollegiate Athletics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sourav","family":"Poddar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William C.","family":"Byrnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"r1","series-title":"J Nutr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.2.676S","article-title":"Iron deficiency and reduced work capacity: a critical review of the research to determine a causal relationship","volume":"131","author":"Haas JD","year":"2001","unstructured":"Haas JD, Brownlie T. 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