{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T05:51:05Z","timestamp":1738043465160,"version":"3.33.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic><jats:bold>Purpose<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> The present study investigated the effect of unpleasant salty or bitter tastes on cycling sprint performance and knee-extensor force characteristics in different fatigue states. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Following a familiarization session, 11 trained male cyclists completed 3 experimental trials (salty, bitter, and water) in a randomized crossover order. In each trial, participants cycled at 85% of the respiratory compensation point for 45\u00a0minutes and then, after a 5-minute rest, completed a 1-minute sprint. Muscle-force characteristics were assessed using 2 knee-extensor maximal voluntary contractions immediately before, between, and after the cycling efforts. Participants mouth-rinsed and ingested 25\u00a0mL of test solution (salty, bitter, and water) immediately before each maximal voluntary contractions and the 1-minute sprint. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> There were no significant differences in mean and peak power output during the 1-minute sprint between conditions (mean power: 528 [71]\u00a0W, 524 [70]\u00a0W, and 521 [80]\u00a0W in the water, salt, and bitter conditions, respectively). Muscle-force production was impaired in all conditions after the heavy-intensity cycling, evidenced by a decline in maximum force production (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.01, effect size\u2009=\u20090.32) and 100- to 200-millisecond impulse (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.04, effect size\u2009=\u20090.27). However, there were no significant differences between conditions in maximal force or impulse measures at rest or after exercise. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> These data question whether unpleasant tastes can influence muscle-force production and do not support that they may be used as an ergogenic aid for a cycling sprint performed under fatigued conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2023-0314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]],"date-time":"2024-12-28T15:22:37Z","timestamp":1735399357000},"page":"232-237","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mouth Rinsing and Ingesting Unpleasant Salty or Bitter Solutions After Heavy-Intensity Cycling Does Not Influence Sprint Performance or Knee-Extensor Force in Trained Cyclists"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2274-2147","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Edward A.","family":"Gray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia"},{"name":"Brain Stimulation and Rehabilitation (BrainStAR) Lab, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia"},{"name":"Division of Public Health, Sport and Wellbeing, University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9499-1703","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rocco","family":"Cavaleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia"},{"name":"Brain Stimulation and Rehabilitation (BrainStAR) Lab, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1346-4982","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jason C.","family":"Siegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia"},{"name":"College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"r1","series-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000852","article-title":"Nutrition and athletic performance","volume":"48","author":"Travis TD","year":"2016","unstructured":"Travis TD, Erdman K, Burke LM. 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