{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T06:47:49Z","timestamp":1787899669692,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Purpose<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    To describe how high-level European sprint coaches (from 100 to 400\u00a0m) work to improve important factors associated with the quality of the holistic training process and the quality of the specific training session.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    A descriptive analysis was conducted using questionnaires from 31 European elite sprint coaches (ie,\u00a0training athletes defined as tiers 3, 4, and 5) who participated voluntarily.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    The coaches used traditional periodization (45%) with a 10- to 15-day tapering phase (48%) that includes a reduction in volume, maintenance of intensity, and focus on correct technical execution. In the 3 mesophases, coaches prioritized the basic development of strength and sprint work in the first phases of the season and emphasized more sprint-specific work in the competitive phase. Before sessions, adjustments were made based on factors such as psychological (77%), technical (48%), and physical (39%) parameters. In-session load management relies on a combination of objective and subjective measures (55%), in which the dialogue with athletes (65%) was regarded as the main resource. Feedback during and after sessions covers technical (54%), psychological (48%), and physical (35%) aspects. Recovery protocols after sessions mainly involve rest and professional guidance (42%). For performance assessment and testing, coaches utilize countermovement jump (52%), force\u2013velocity profile (45%), and 30-m flying (61%) as main tools.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    European sprint coaches demonstrated a comprehensive approach to planning and management, shedding light on the multifaceted nature of their training methodologies and the diverse tools employed for athlete testing and monitoring.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2024-0042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T15:34:49Z","timestamp":1721835289000},"page":"905-913","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Optimization of Sprint Training Among European Coaches: Quality Over Quantity"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4087-1447","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aar\u00f3n","family":"Agudo-Ortega","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Training Laboratory, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9014-5152","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"\u00d8yvind","family":"Sandbakk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Center for Elite Sports Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4153-5100","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Juan J.","family":"Salinero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Training Laboratory, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2866-9899","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bj\u00f8rn","family":"Johansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Sciences, Nord University, Levanger, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5953-4742","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Rave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Training Laboratory, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"r1","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2022-0484","article-title":"Training quality-what is it and how can we improve it?","volume":"18","author":"Bucher Sandbakk S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bucher Sandbakk S, Walther J, Solli GS, T\u00f8nnessen E, Haugen T. Training quality-what is it and how can we improve it? Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2023;18(5):557\u2013560. PubMed ID: 36965489 doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2022-0484"},{"issue":"1","key":"r2","series-title":"Sports Med Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-020-00256-9","article-title":"Training or synergizing? Complex systems principles change the understanding of sport processes","volume":"6","author":"Pol R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pol R, Balagu\u00e9 N, Ric A, Torrents C, Kiely J, Hristovski R. Training or synergizing? Complex systems principles change the understanding of sport processes. Sports Med Open. 2020;6(1):28. doi:10.1186\/s40798-020-00256-9"},{"issue":"2","key":"r3","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","first-page":"269","article-title":"9.58 and 10.49: nearing the citius end for 100\u00a0m?","volume":"10","author":"Haugen T","year":"2015","unstructured":"Haugen T, T\u00f8nnessen E, Seiler S. 9.58 and 10.49: nearing the citius end for 100\u00a0m? Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2015;10(2):269\u2013272. PubMed ID: 25229725"},{"issue":"9","key":"r4","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2017-0682","article-title":"Peak age and performance progression in world-class track-and-field athletes","volume":"13","author":"Haugen TA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Haugen TA, Solberg PA, Foster C, Mor\u00e1n-Navarro R, Breitsch\u00e4del F, Hopkins WG. Peak age and performance progression in world-class track-and-field athletes. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2018;13(9):1122\u20131129. PubMed ID: 29543080 doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2017-0682"},{"issue":"5","key":"r5","series-title":"J Strength Cond Res","first-page":"1104","article-title":"Variations in physical and competitive performance of highly trained sprinters across an annual training season","volume":"37","author":"Loturco I","year":"2023","unstructured":"Loturco I, Fernandes V, Bishop C, et\u00a0al. Variations in physical and competitive performance of highly trained sprinters across an annual training season. J Strength Cond Res. 2023;37(5):1104\u20131110. PubMed ID: 36730012"},{"issue":"1","key":"r6","series-title":"Sports Med Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-019-0221-0","article-title":"The training and development of elite sprint performance: an integration of scientific and best practice literature","volume":"5","author":"Haugen T","year":"2019","unstructured":"Haugen T, Seiler S, Sandbakk \u00d8, T\u00f8nnessen E. The training and development of elite sprint performance: an integration of scientific and best practice literature. Sports Med Open. 2019;5(1):44. doi:10.1186\/s40798-019-0221-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"r7","series-title":"Sports Med Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-022-00445-8","article-title":"Reverse periodization for improving sports performance: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Rav\u00e9 JM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Rav\u00e9 JM, Gonz\u00e1lez-Mohino F, Rodrigo-Carranza V, Pyne DB. Reverse periodization for improving sports performance: a systematic review. Sports Med Open. 2022;8(1):56. doi:10.1186\/s40798-022-00445-8"},{"issue":"8","key":"r8","series-title":"J Strength Cond Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000004050","article-title":"Periodization and block periodization in sports: emphasis on strength-power training\u2014a provocative and challenging narrative","volume":"35","author":"Stone MH","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stone MH, Hornsby WG, Haff GG, et\u00a0al. Periodization and block periodization in sports: emphasis on strength-power training\u2014a provocative and challenging narrative. J Strength Cond Res. 2021;35(8):2351\u20132371. PubMed ID: 34132223 doi:10.1519\/JSC.0000000000004050"},{"issue":"2","key":"r9","series-title":"Int J Perform Anal Sport","first-page":"170","article-title":"Training practices used by elite sprint coaches","volume":"24","author":"Agudo-Ortega A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Agudo-Ortega A, Salinero JJ, Sandbakk \u00d8, de la Cruz VM, Gonz\u00e1lez-Rave JM. Training practices used by elite sprint coaches. Int J Perform Anal Sport. 2023;24(2):170\u2013185."},{"issue":"6","key":"r10","series-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-019-04139-0","article-title":"Sprint running: from fundamental mechanics to practice-a review","volume":"119","author":"Haugen T","year":"2019","unstructured":"Haugen T, McGhie D, Ettema G. Sprint running: from fundamental mechanics to practice-a review. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2019;119(6):1273\u20131287. PubMed ID: 30963240 doi:10.1007\/s00421-019-04139-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"r11","series-title":"J Hum Kinet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.5114\/jhk\/159646","article-title":"Strength and conditioning practices of brazilian olympic sprint and jump coaches","volume":"86","author":"Loturco I","year":"2023","unstructured":"Loturco I, Haugen T, Freitas TT, et\u00a0al. Strength and conditioning practices of brazilian olympic sprint and jump coaches. J Hum Kinet. 2023;86(1):175\u2013194. doi:10.5114\/jhk\/159646"},{"issue":"7","key":"r12","series-title":"J Strength Cond Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002992","article-title":"Resistance training practices of sprint coaches","volume":"35","author":"Healy R","year":"2021","unstructured":"Healy R, Kenny IC, Harrison AJ. Resistance training practices of sprint coaches. J Strength Cond Res. 2021;35(7):1939\u20131948. PubMed ID: 30747902 doi:10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002992"},{"key":"r13","series-title":"J Hum Kinet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.5114\/jhk\/174071","article-title":"Speed training practices of Brazilian Olympic sprint and jump coaches: toward a deeper understanding of their choices and insights (Part II)","volume":"89","author":"Loturco I","year":"2023","unstructured":"Loturco I, Freitas T, Zabaloy S, et\u00a0al. Speed training practices of Brazilian Olympic sprint and jump coaches: toward a deeper understanding of their choices and insights (Part II). J Hum Kinet. 2023;89:187\u2013211. PubMed ID: 38053953 doi:10.5114\/jhk\/174071"},{"issue":"5","key":"r14","series-title":"Strength Cond J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1519\/SSC.0000000000000334","article-title":"Quantification of training load and training response for improving athletic performance","volume":"39","author":"Campbell B","year":"2017","unstructured":"Campbell B, Bove D, Ward P, Vargas A, Dolan J. Quantification of training load and training response for improving athletic performance. Strength Cond J. 2017;39(5):3\u201313. doi:10.1519\/SSC.0000000000000334"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"r15","series-title":"Sports Med","first-page":"S139","article-title":"Monitoring training load to understand fatigue in athletes","volume":"44","author":"Halson SL","year":"2014","unstructured":"Halson SL. Monitoring training load to understand fatigue in athletes. Sports Med. 2014;44(suppl 2):S139\u2013147."},{"issue":"1","key":"r16","series-title":"Sports Med Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-022-00420-3","article-title":"Internal training load perceived by athletes and planned by coaches: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Inoue A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Inoue A, Dos Santos Bunn P, do Carmo EC, Lattari E, da Silva EB. Internal training load perceived by athletes and planned by coaches: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med Open. 2022;8(1):35. doi:10.1186\/s40798-022-00420-3"},{"issue":"13","key":"r17","series-title":"J Sports Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410802702186","article-title":"Fatigue management in the preparation of Olympic athletes","volume":"27","author":"Robson-Ansley PJ","year":"2009","unstructured":"Robson-Ansley PJ, Gleeson M, Ansley L. Fatigue management in the preparation of Olympic athletes. J Sports Sci. 2009;27(13):1409\u20131420. PubMed ID: 19221925 doi:10.1080\/02640410802702186"},{"issue":"13","key":"r18","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094962","article-title":"International Olympic Committee consensus statement on youth athletic development","volume":"49","author":"Bergeron MF","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bergeron MF, Mountjoy M, Armstrong N, et\u00a0al. International Olympic Committee consensus statement on youth athletic development. Br J Sports Med 2015;49(13):843\u2013851. PubMed ID: 26084524 doi:10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094962"},{"issue":"1","key":"r19","series-title":"Sports Med Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-022-00432-z","article-title":"Integrative proposals of sports monitoring: subjective outperforms objective monitoring","volume":"8","author":"Montull L","year":"2022","unstructured":"Montull L, Slap\u0161inskait\u0117-Dackevi\u010dien\u0117 A, Kiely J, Hristovski R, Balagu\u00e9 N. Integrative proposals of sports monitoring: subjective outperforms objective monitoring. Sports Med Open. 2022;8(1):41. doi:10.1186\/s40798-022-00432-z"},{"issue":"1","key":"r20","series-title":"Sports Med Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-018-0172-x","article-title":"The current state of subjective training load monitoring-a practical perspective and call to action","volume":"4","author":"Coyne JOC","year":"2018","unstructured":"Coyne JOC, Gregory Haff G, Coutts AJ, Newton RU, Nimphius S. The current state of subjective training load monitoring-a practical perspective and call to action. Sports Med Open. 2018;4(1):58. doi:10.1186\/s40798-018-0172-x"},{"issue":"5","key":"r21","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","first-page":"281","article-title":"Monitoring the athlete training response: subjective self-reported measures trump commonly used objective measures: a systematic review","volume":"50","author":"Saw A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Saw A, Main L, Gastin P. Monitoring the athlete training response: subjective self-reported measures trump commonly used objective measures: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2015;50(5):281\u2013291. PubMed ID: 26423706"},{"issue":"11","key":"r22","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2023-0367","article-title":"Rethinking sport science to improve coach\u2013researcher interactions","volume":"18","author":"Loturco I","year":"2023","unstructured":"Loturco I. Rethinking sport science to improve coach\u2013researcher interactions. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2023;18(11):1231\u20131232. PubMed ID: 37793657 doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2023-0367"},{"issue":"2","key":"r23","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0451","article-title":"Defining training and performance caliber: a participant classification framework","volume":"17","author":"McKay AKA","year":"2022","unstructured":"McKay AKA, Stellingwerff T, Smith ES, et\u00a0al. Defining training and performance caliber: a participant classification framework. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2022;17(2):317\u2013331. PubMed ID: 34965513 doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0451"},{"issue":"8","key":"r24","series-title":"Med Sci Sports Exercise","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0b013e31806010e0","article-title":"Effects of tapering on performance: a meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Bosquet L","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bosquet L, Montpetit J, Arvisais D, Mujika I. Effects of tapering on performance: a meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exercise. 2007;39(8):1358\u20131365. doi:10.1249\/mss.0b013e31806010e0"},{"issue":"3","key":"r25","series-title":"Biol Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.5114\/biolsport.2022.107480","article-title":"Practices of strength and conditioning coaches in professional sports: a systematic review","volume":"39","author":"Weldon A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Weldon A, Duncan MJ, Turner A, Lockie RG, Loturco I. Practices of strength and conditioning coaches in professional sports: a systematic review. Biol Sport. 2022;39(3):715\u2013726. PubMed ID: 35959337 doi:10.5114\/biolsport.2022.107480"},{"issue":"2","key":"r26","series-title":"J Strength Cond Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318220fd03","article-title":"The effects of plyometric training on sprint performance: a meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"S\u00e1ez de Villarreal E","year":"2012","unstructured":"S\u00e1ez de Villarreal E, Requena B, Cronin JB. The effects of plyometric training on sprint performance: a meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res. 2012;26(2):575\u2013584. PubMed ID: 22240550 doi:10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318220fd03"},{"key":"r27","series-title":"PeerJ","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.11004","article-title":"Plyometric jump training effects on the physical fitness of individual-sport athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Sole S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sole S, Ram\u00edrez-Campillo R, Andrade DC, Sanchez-Sanchez J. Plyometric jump training effects on the physical fitness of individual-sport athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis. PeerJ. 2021;9:e11004. doi:10.7717\/peerj.11004"},{"issue":"9","key":"r28","series-title":"Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.2165\/11317780-000000000-00000","article-title":"The quantification of training load, the training response and the effect on performance","volume":"39","author":"Borresen J","year":"2009","unstructured":"Borresen J, Lambert MI. The quantification of training load, the training response and the effect on performance. Sports Med. 2009;39(9):779\u2013795. PubMed ID: 19691366 doi:10.2165\/11317780-000000000-00000"},{"key":"r29","series-title":"Front Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1241459","article-title":"The effectiveness of adjusting resistance training loads through velocity-based techniques in experienced sprinters: a case series study","volume":"14","author":"Mu\u00f1oz de la Cruz V","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz de la Cruz V, Agudo-Ortega A, Sorgente V, Turner AP, Gonz\u00e1lez-Rav\u00e9 JM. The effectiveness of adjusting resistance training loads through velocity-based techniques in experienced sprinters: a case series study. Front Physiol. 2023;14:1241459. doi:10.3389\/fphys.2023.1241459"},{"issue":"5","key":"r30","series-title":"Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-015-0446-0","article-title":"Sprint running performance monitoring: methodological and practical considerations","volume":"46","author":"Haugen T","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haugen T, Buchheit M. Sprint running performance monitoring: methodological and practical considerations. Sports Med. 2016;46(5):641\u2013656. PubMed ID: 26660758 doi:10.1007\/s40279-015-0446-0"},{"issue":"6","key":"r31","series-title":"J Strength Cond Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318185f36c","article-title":"Reliability and accuracy of handheld stopwatches compared with electronic timing in measuring sprint performance","volume":"22","author":"Hetzler RK","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hetzler RK, Stickley CD, Lundquist KM, Kimura IF. Reliability and accuracy of handheld stopwatches compared with electronic timing in measuring sprint performance. J Strength Cond Res. 2008;22(6):1969\u20131976. PubMed ID: 18978613 doi:10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318185f36c"},{"issue":"21","key":"r32","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","article-title":"The prevalence of use of various post-exercise recovery methods after training among elite endurance athletes","volume":"18","author":"Bezuglov E","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bezuglov E, Lazarev A, Khaitin V, et\u00a0al. The prevalence of use of various post-exercise recovery methods after training among elite endurance athletes. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(21):11698."},{"key":"r33","series-title":"Phys Sportsmed","first-page":"297","article-title":"The use of recovery strategies by spanish first division soccer teams: a cross-sectional survey","volume":"49","author":"Altarriba-Bart\u00e9s A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Altarriba-Bart\u00e9s A, Pe\u00f1a J, Vicens-Bordas J, Casals M, Peirau X, Calleja Gonzalez J. The use of recovery strategies by spanish first division soccer teams: a cross-sectional survey. Phys Sportsmed. 2021;49:297\u2013307. PubMed ID: 32882156"},{"issue":"8","key":"r34","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0557","article-title":"Strength and power testing of athletes: associations of common assessments over time","volume":"17","author":"Lindberg K","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lindberg K, Solberg P, Bj\u00f8rnsen T, et\u00a0al. Strength and power testing of athletes: associations of common assessments over time. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2022;17(8):1280\u20131288. PubMed ID: 35894923 doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0557"},{"issue":"5","key":"r1","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2022-0484","article-title":"Training quality-what is it and how can we improve it?","volume":"18","author":"Bucher Sandbakk S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bucher Sandbakk S, Walther J, Solli GS, T\u00f8nnessen E, Haugen T. Training quality-what is it and how can we improve it? Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2023;18(5):557\u2013560. PubMed ID: 36965489 doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2022-0484"},{"issue":"1","key":"r2","series-title":"Sports Med Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-020-00256-9","article-title":"Training or synergizing? Complex systems principles change the understanding of sport processes","volume":"6","author":"Pol R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pol R, Balagu\u00e9 N, Ric A, Torrents C, Kiely J, Hristovski R. Training or synergizing? Complex systems principles change the understanding of sport processes. Sports Med Open. 2020;6(1):28. doi:10.1186\/s40798-020-00256-9"},{"issue":"2","key":"r3","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","first-page":"269","article-title":"9.58 and 10.49: nearing the citius end for 100\u00a0m?","volume":"10","author":"Haugen T","year":"2015","unstructured":"Haugen T, T\u00f8nnessen E, Seiler S. 9.58 and 10.49: nearing the citius end for 100\u00a0m? Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2015;10(2):269\u2013272. PubMed ID: 25229725"},{"issue":"9","key":"r4","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2017-0682","article-title":"Peak age and performance progression in world-class track-and-field athletes","volume":"13","author":"Haugen TA","year":"2018","unstructured":"Haugen TA, Solberg PA, Foster C, Mor\u00e1n-Navarro R, Breitsch\u00e4del F, Hopkins WG. Peak age and performance progression in world-class track-and-field athletes. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2018;13(9):1122\u20131129. PubMed ID: 29543080 doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2017-0682"},{"issue":"5","key":"r5","series-title":"J Strength Cond Res","first-page":"1104","article-title":"Variations in physical and competitive performance of highly trained sprinters across an annual training season","volume":"37","author":"Loturco I","year":"2023","unstructured":"Loturco I, Fernandes V, Bishop C, et\u00a0al. Variations in physical and competitive performance of highly trained sprinters across an annual training season. J Strength Cond Res. 2023;37(5):1104\u20131110. PubMed ID: 36730012"},{"issue":"1","key":"r6","series-title":"Sports Med Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-019-0221-0","article-title":"The training and development of elite sprint performance: an integration of scientific and best practice literature","volume":"5","author":"Haugen T","year":"2019","unstructured":"Haugen T, Seiler S, Sandbakk \u00d8, T\u00f8nnessen E. The training and development of elite sprint performance: an integration of scientific and best practice literature. Sports Med Open. 2019;5(1):44. doi:10.1186\/s40798-019-0221-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"r7","series-title":"Sports Med Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-022-00445-8","article-title":"Reverse periodization for improving sports performance: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Rav\u00e9 JM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Rav\u00e9 JM, Gonz\u00e1lez-Mohino F, Rodrigo-Carranza V, Pyne DB. Reverse periodization for improving sports performance: a systematic review. Sports Med Open. 2022;8(1):56. doi:10.1186\/s40798-022-00445-8"},{"issue":"8","key":"r8","series-title":"J Strength Cond Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000004050","article-title":"Periodization and block periodization in sports: emphasis on strength-power training\u2014a provocative and challenging narrative","volume":"35","author":"Stone MH","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stone MH, Hornsby WG, Haff GG, et\u00a0al. Periodization and block periodization in sports: emphasis on strength-power training\u2014a provocative and challenging narrative. J Strength Cond Res. 2021;35(8):2351\u20132371. PubMed ID: 34132223 doi:10.1519\/JSC.0000000000004050"},{"issue":"2","key":"r9","series-title":"Int J Perform Anal Sport","first-page":"170","article-title":"Training practices used by elite sprint coaches","volume":"24","author":"Agudo-Ortega A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Agudo-Ortega A, Salinero JJ, Sandbakk \u00d8, de la Cruz VM, Gonz\u00e1lez-Rave JM. Training practices used by elite sprint coaches. Int J Perform Anal Sport. 2023;24(2):170\u2013185."},{"issue":"6","key":"r10","series-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-019-04139-0","article-title":"Sprint running: from fundamental mechanics to practice-a review","volume":"119","author":"Haugen T","year":"2019","unstructured":"Haugen T, McGhie D, Ettema G. Sprint running: from fundamental mechanics to practice-a review. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2019;119(6):1273\u20131287. PubMed ID: 30963240 doi:10.1007\/s00421-019-04139-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"r11","series-title":"J Hum Kinet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.5114\/jhk\/159646","article-title":"Strength and conditioning practices of brazilian olympic sprint and jump coaches","volume":"86","author":"Loturco I","year":"2023","unstructured":"Loturco I, Haugen T, Freitas TT, et\u00a0al. Strength and conditioning practices of brazilian olympic sprint and jump coaches. J Hum Kinet. 2023;86(1):175\u2013194. doi:10.5114\/jhk\/159646"},{"issue":"7","key":"r12","series-title":"J Strength Cond Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002992","article-title":"Resistance training practices of sprint coaches","volume":"35","author":"Healy R","year":"2021","unstructured":"Healy R, Kenny IC, Harrison AJ. Resistance training practices of sprint coaches. J Strength Cond Res. 2021;35(7):1939\u20131948. PubMed ID: 30747902 doi:10.1519\/JSC.0000000000002992"},{"key":"r13","series-title":"J Hum Kinet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.5114\/jhk\/174071","article-title":"Speed training practices of Brazilian Olympic sprint and jump coaches: toward a deeper understanding of their choices and insights (Part II)","volume":"89","author":"Loturco I","year":"2023","unstructured":"Loturco I, Freitas T, Zabaloy S, et\u00a0al. Speed training practices of Brazilian Olympic sprint and jump coaches: toward a deeper understanding of their choices and insights (Part II). J Hum Kinet. 2023;89:187\u2013211. PubMed ID: 38053953 doi:10.5114\/jhk\/174071"},{"issue":"5","key":"r14","series-title":"Strength Cond J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1519\/SSC.0000000000000334","article-title":"Quantification of training load and training response for improving athletic performance","volume":"39","author":"Campbell B","year":"2017","unstructured":"Campbell B, Bove D, Ward P, Vargas A, Dolan J. Quantification of training load and training response for improving athletic performance. Strength Cond J. 2017;39(5):3\u201313. doi:10.1519\/SSC.0000000000000334"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"r15","series-title":"Sports Med","first-page":"S139","article-title":"Monitoring training load to understand fatigue in athletes","volume":"44","author":"Halson SL","year":"2014","unstructured":"Halson SL. Monitoring training load to understand fatigue in athletes. Sports Med. 2014;44(suppl 2):S139\u2013147."},{"issue":"1","key":"r16","series-title":"Sports Med Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-022-00420-3","article-title":"Internal training load perceived by athletes and planned by coaches: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Inoue A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Inoue A, Dos Santos Bunn P, do Carmo EC, Lattari E, da Silva EB. Internal training load perceived by athletes and planned by coaches: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med Open. 2022;8(1):35. doi:10.1186\/s40798-022-00420-3"},{"issue":"13","key":"r17","series-title":"J Sports Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410802702186","article-title":"Fatigue management in the preparation of Olympic athletes","volume":"27","author":"Robson-Ansley PJ","year":"2009","unstructured":"Robson-Ansley PJ, Gleeson M, Ansley L. Fatigue management in the preparation of Olympic athletes. J Sports Sci. 2009;27(13):1409\u20131420. PubMed ID: 19221925 doi:10.1080\/02640410802702186"},{"issue":"13","key":"r18","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094962","article-title":"International Olympic Committee consensus statement on youth athletic development","volume":"49","author":"Bergeron MF","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bergeron MF, Mountjoy M, Armstrong N, et\u00a0al. International Olympic Committee consensus statement on youth athletic development. Br J Sports Med 2015;49(13):843\u2013851. PubMed ID: 26084524 doi:10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094962"},{"issue":"1","key":"r19","series-title":"Sports Med Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-022-00432-z","article-title":"Integrative proposals of sports monitoring: subjective outperforms objective monitoring","volume":"8","author":"Montull L","year":"2022","unstructured":"Montull L, Slap\u0161inskait\u0117-Dackevi\u010dien\u0117 A, Kiely J, Hristovski R, Balagu\u00e9 N. Integrative proposals of sports monitoring: subjective outperforms objective monitoring. Sports Med Open. 2022;8(1):41. doi:10.1186\/s40798-022-00432-z"},{"issue":"1","key":"r20","series-title":"Sports Med Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40798-018-0172-x","article-title":"The current state of subjective training load monitoring-a practical perspective and call to action","volume":"4","author":"Coyne JOC","year":"2018","unstructured":"Coyne JOC, Gregory Haff G, Coutts AJ, Newton RU, Nimphius S. The current state of subjective training load monitoring-a practical perspective and call to action. Sports Med Open. 2018;4(1):58. doi:10.1186\/s40798-018-0172-x"},{"issue":"5","key":"r21","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","first-page":"281","article-title":"Monitoring the athlete training response: subjective self-reported measures trump commonly used objective measures: a systematic review","volume":"50","author":"Saw A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Saw A, Main L, Gastin P. Monitoring the athlete training response: subjective self-reported measures trump commonly used objective measures: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2015;50(5):281\u2013291. PubMed ID: 26423706"},{"issue":"11","key":"r22","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2023-0367","article-title":"Rethinking sport science to improve coach\u2013researcher interactions","volume":"18","author":"Loturco I","year":"2023","unstructured":"Loturco I. Rethinking sport science to improve coach\u2013researcher interactions. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2023;18(11):1231\u20131232. PubMed ID: 37793657 doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2023-0367"},{"issue":"2","key":"r23","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0451","article-title":"Defining training and performance caliber: a participant classification framework","volume":"17","author":"McKay AKA","year":"2022","unstructured":"McKay AKA, Stellingwerff T, Smith ES, et\u00a0al. Defining training and performance caliber: a participant classification framework. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2022;17(2):317\u2013331. PubMed ID: 34965513 doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0451"},{"issue":"8","key":"r24","series-title":"Med Sci Sports Exercise","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0b013e31806010e0","article-title":"Effects of tapering on performance: a meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Bosquet L","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bosquet L, Montpetit J, Arvisais D, Mujika I. Effects of tapering on performance: a meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exercise. 2007;39(8):1358\u20131365. doi:10.1249\/mss.0b013e31806010e0"},{"issue":"3","key":"r25","series-title":"Biol Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.5114\/biolsport.2022.107480","article-title":"Practices of strength and conditioning coaches in professional sports: a systematic review","volume":"39","author":"Weldon A","year":"2022","unstructured":"Weldon A, Duncan MJ, Turner A, Lockie RG, Loturco I. Practices of strength and conditioning coaches in professional sports: a systematic review. Biol Sport. 2022;39(3):715\u2013726. PubMed ID: 35959337 doi:10.5114\/biolsport.2022.107480"},{"issue":"2","key":"r26","series-title":"J Strength Cond Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318220fd03","article-title":"The effects of plyometric training on sprint performance: a meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"S\u00e1ez de Villarreal E","year":"2012","unstructured":"S\u00e1ez de Villarreal E, Requena B, Cronin JB. The effects of plyometric training on sprint performance: a meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res. 2012;26(2):575\u2013584. PubMed ID: 22240550 doi:10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318220fd03"},{"key":"r27","series-title":"PeerJ","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.11004","article-title":"Plyometric jump training effects on the physical fitness of individual-sport athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Sole S","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sole S, Ram\u00edrez-Campillo R, Andrade DC, Sanchez-Sanchez J. Plyometric jump training effects on the physical fitness of individual-sport athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis. PeerJ. 2021;9:e11004. doi:10.7717\/peerj.11004"},{"issue":"9","key":"r28","series-title":"Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.2165\/11317780-000000000-00000","article-title":"The quantification of training load, the training response and the effect on performance","volume":"39","author":"Borresen J","year":"2009","unstructured":"Borresen J, Lambert MI. The quantification of training load, the training response and the effect on performance. Sports Med. 2009;39(9):779\u2013795. PubMed ID: 19691366 doi:10.2165\/11317780-000000000-00000"},{"key":"r29","series-title":"Front Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1241459","article-title":"The effectiveness of adjusting resistance training loads through velocity-based techniques in experienced sprinters: a case series study","volume":"14","author":"Mu\u00f1oz de la Cruz V","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz de la Cruz V, Agudo-Ortega A, Sorgente V, Turner AP, Gonz\u00e1lez-Rav\u00e9 JM. The effectiveness of adjusting resistance training loads through velocity-based techniques in experienced sprinters: a case series study. Front Physiol. 2023;14:1241459. doi:10.3389\/fphys.2023.1241459"},{"issue":"5","key":"r30","series-title":"Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-015-0446-0","article-title":"Sprint running performance monitoring: methodological and practical considerations","volume":"46","author":"Haugen T","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haugen T, Buchheit M. Sprint running performance monitoring: methodological and practical considerations. Sports Med. 2016;46(5):641\u2013656. PubMed ID: 26660758 doi:10.1007\/s40279-015-0446-0"},{"issue":"6","key":"r31","series-title":"J Strength Cond Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318185f36c","article-title":"Reliability and accuracy of handheld stopwatches compared with electronic timing in measuring sprint performance","volume":"22","author":"Hetzler RK","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hetzler RK, Stickley CD, Lundquist KM, Kimura IF. Reliability and accuracy of handheld stopwatches compared with electronic timing in measuring sprint performance. J Strength Cond Res. 2008;22(6):1969\u20131976. PubMed ID: 18978613 doi:10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318185f36c"},{"issue":"21","key":"r32","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","article-title":"The prevalence of use of various post-exercise recovery methods after training among elite endurance athletes","volume":"18","author":"Bezuglov E","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bezuglov E, Lazarev A, Khaitin V, et\u00a0al. The prevalence of use of various post-exercise recovery methods after training among elite endurance athletes. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(21):11698."},{"key":"r33","series-title":"Phys Sportsmed","first-page":"297","article-title":"The use of recovery strategies by spanish first division soccer teams: a cross-sectional survey","volume":"49","author":"Altarriba-Bart\u00e9s A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Altarriba-Bart\u00e9s A, Pe\u00f1a J, Vicens-Bordas J, Casals M, Peirau X, Calleja Gonzalez J. The use of recovery strategies by spanish first division soccer teams: a cross-sectional survey. Phys Sportsmed. 2021;49:297\u2013307. PubMed ID: 32882156"},{"issue":"8","key":"r34","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0557","article-title":"Strength and power testing of athletes: associations of common assessments over time","volume":"17","author":"Lindberg K","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lindberg K, Solberg P, Bj\u00f8rnsen T, et\u00a0al. Strength and power testing of athletes: associations of common assessments over time. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2022;17(8):1280\u20131288. PubMed ID: 35894923 doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0557"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/ijspp\/19\/9\/article-p905.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ijspp\/19\/9\/article-p905.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ijspp\/19\/9\/article-p905.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T11:09:53Z","timestamp":1775905793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/ijspp\/19\/9\/article-p905.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/ijspp.2024-0042","relation":{},"ISSN":["1555-0265","1555-0273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1555-0265","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-0273","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]}}}