{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:24:08Z","timestamp":1787016248619,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Purpose<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    To describe warning signs, monitoring tools, and training- and non-training-related actions taken by world-class endurance coaches in cases of underperformance.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    Twelve highly acclaimed male Norwegian coaches known for coaching world-class endurance athletes with a remarkable collection of over 350 Olympic, World, and European Championship medals\u2014primarily with Norwegian athletes\u2014participated in the study. Data collection and analyses followed a 3-step pragmatic qualitative study design, including an initial questionnaire, in-depth interviews, and structured negotiation between researchers and coaches.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    Reduced performance levels and discrepancies between external (speed or power output) and internal (heart rate, lactate concentrations, and rating of perceived exertion) training-intensity measures in competitions, key training sessions, and testing scenarios, as well as observed changes in emotional state and coach\u2013athlete communication, were highlighted as early warning signs of underperformance. Consistently, daily follow-up, systematic use of training diaries, training-intensity measures, and information from testing scenarios were rated as the most important monitoring tools in both detection and management of underperformance. In cases of underperformance, ruling out medical conditions as underlying causes was followed by a decreased training load (intensity and volume) and actions to reduce life stress to restore athletes\u2019 performance levels.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Conclusions and Practical Applications<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    The presented data collectively propose applying both objectively and subjectively measured monitoring tools and systems to the early detection and management of underperformance in endurance athletes. In addition, this should be complemented by the holistic and observational role of the coach.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2024-0161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T04:26:19Z","timestamp":1735014379000},"page":"238-245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Warning Signs, Monitoring Tools, and Actions Taken by World-Class Endurance Coaches in Cases of Underperformance"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4076-2451","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rune Kj\u00f8sen","family":"Talsnes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Center for Elite Sports Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7781-4913","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Espen","family":"T\u00f8nnessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8412-9538","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Silvana","family":"Bucher Sandbakk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Teacher Education, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5929-0389","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thomas","family":"Haugen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9014-5152","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"\u00d8yvind","family":"Sandbakk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Center for Elite Sports Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"r1","series-title":"Sports Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738111434406","article-title":"Overtraining syndrome: a practical guide","volume":"4","author":"Kreher JB","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kreher JB, Schwartz JB. 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