{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T02:13:26Z","timestamp":1747188806751,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic><jats:bold>Purpose<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Warming up before competition is universally recognized as an effective way to enhance performance. However, only a few articles have directly investigated different warm-up strategies adopted by triathletes and suggested by coaches. The Olympic-distance triathlon is an endurance competition characterized, at least for the elite, by a fast start with a strong correlation to the final position in the race. Thus, executing a proper warm-up protocol would be beneficial in optimizing performance. The present study aimed to provide an overview of the warm-up protocol adopted\/suggested by national-caliber triathletes\/coaches before an Olympic-distance triathlon race. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Online surveys were created and shared between national- and international-caliber Italian, French, and Spanish triathletes and coaches. Information about the rationale, structure, and specific exercises adopted\/suggested during personal warm-up protocols was collected. Thereafter, triathletes were grouped according to the discipline sequence reported. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Seventy-nine triathletes and nineteen coaches completed the survey. The cycle\u2013run\u2013swim was the most reported discipline sequence adopted, with a total time of 90.0\u2009(25.0)\u00a0minutes, against the 62.5\u2009(25.0)\u00a0minutes suggested by coaches. Conditioning exercises were performed by only 31.6% of triathletes 20 to 10\u00a0minutes before the race start. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Triathletes who took part in this survey adopted very long protocols with the specific intention of including all disciplines. These results highlight the need to raise awareness in triathletes and coaches on the correct warm-up procedures and to stimulate researchers to design studies that directly investigate the effects of different warm-up protocols before competitions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2024-0181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T07:23:59Z","timestamp":1728458639000},"page":"1473-1479","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Warm-Up in Triathlon: Do Triathletes Follow the Scientific Guidelines?"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3231-5897","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Claudio","family":"Quagliarotti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome \u201cForo Italico,\u201d Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Villanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome \u201cForo Italico,\u201d Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"Marciano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4292-2460","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"\u00d3scar","family":"L\u00f3pez-Belmonte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aquatics Lab, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristiano","family":"Caporali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federazione Italiana Triathlon, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Bottoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federazione Italiana Triathlon, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3870-4017","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Romuald","family":"Lepers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm UMR 1093-CAPS, Universit\u00e9 de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences du Sport, Dijon, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1927-7478","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria Francesca","family":"Piacentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome \u201cForo Italico,\u201d Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"key":"r1","series-title":"The Warm-Up: Maximize Performance and Improve Long-Term Athletic Development","author":"Jeffreys I","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jeffreys I. 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