{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T19:39:56Z","timestamp":1792525196703,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]]},"abstract":"Purpose<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> This pilot study investigated the functional outcomes after ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in high-level para-athletes with spinal-cord injury. Methods<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Nine athletes completed 2 handgrip exercise trials (an isometric hold to failure at 60% maximal voluntary contraction [ISO] and a progressive, intermittent handgrip to failure [INT]), preceded by either IPC (220\u00a0mm Hg) or sham (20\u00a0mm Hg) for six 5-minute periods, in a repeated-measures, crossover design. Results<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Although small performance improvements in time to task failure were observed in the ISO (\u223c5%) and INT (\u223c8%) IPC conditions, which are similar to those reported elsewhere, no statistical influence was observed (ISO\u2013IPC, 74.2\u2009[32.6]\u00a0s; SHAM, 70.7\u2009[27.2]\u00a0s; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.73; INT\u2013IPC, 426.0\u2009[80.1]\u00a0s; SHAM, 392.2\u2009[42.5]\u00a0s; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.35). Fatigue was evident in the forearm muscle force (maximal voluntary contraction) ISO (mean decline of 178.1\u2009[76.0]\u00a0N [95% CI, \u221210.4 to 366.7\u00a0N]; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u2009.05) and INT (mean decline of 182.2\u2009[72.5]\u00a0N [95% CI, 34.5\u2013329.8\u00a0N]; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u2009.05) trials but not different between treatments (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009>\u2009.95). Conclusions<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Although small performance improvements in time to task failure were observed, the findings of the present data set suggest that acute bouts of IPC do not meaningfully influence fatigue during handgrip exercise in para-athletes with spinal-cord injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2024-0188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T18:59:53Z","timestamp":1725994793000},"page":"1508-1511","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Efficacy of Ischemic Preconditioning on Handgrip Strength and Strength Endurance in Para-Athletes With Spinal-Cord Injury: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Lexi","family":"Kasofsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Human Performance Lab, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3966-9313","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Cross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science, Torrens University, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dallin","family":"Tavoian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1346-4982","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jason","family":"Siegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Human Performance Lab, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"r1","series-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-009-1195-2","article-title":"Ischemic preconditioning improves maximal performance in humans","volume":"108","author":"de\u00a0Groot PCE","year":"2010","unstructured":"de\u00a0Groot PCE, Thijssen DHJ, Sanchez M, Ellenkamp R, Hopman MTE. Ischemic preconditioning improves maximal performance in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2010;108(1):141\u2013146. doi:10.1007\/s00421-009-1195-2"},{"issue":"6","key":"r2","series-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.143578","article-title":"Repetition of ischemic preconditioning augments endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans: role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide and endothelial progenitor cells","volume":"27","author":"Kimura M","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kimura M, Ueda K, Goto C, et\u00a0al. Repetition of ischemic preconditioning augments endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans: role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide and endothelial progenitor cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2007;27(6):1403\u20131410. doi:10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.143578"},{"issue":"7","key":"r3","series-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2010.08.006","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor 1: regulator of mitochondrial metabolism and mediator of ischemic preconditioning","volume":"1813","author":"Semenza GL","year":"2011","unstructured":"Semenza GL. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1: regulator of mitochondrial metabolism and mediator of ischemic preconditioning. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 2011;1813(7):1263\u20131268. doi:10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2010.08.006"},{"issue":"9","key":"r4","series-title":"J Appl Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00498.2015","article-title":"Effects of ischemic preconditioning on maximal constant-load cycling performance","volume":"119","author":"Cruz RSO","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cruz RSO, de Aguiar RA, Turnes T, Pereira KL, Caputo F. Effects of ischemic preconditioning on maximal constant-load cycling performance. J Appl Physiol. 2015;119(9):961\u2013967. doi:10.1152\/japplphysiol.00498.2015"},{"issue":"8","key":"r5","series-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2015-0646","article-title":"Effects of ischemic preconditioning on short-duration cycling performance","volume":"41","author":"Cruz RSO","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cruz RSO, de Aguiar RA, Turnes T, Salvador AF, Caputo F. Effects of ischemic preconditioning on short-duration cycling performance. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(8):825\u2013831. doi:10.1139\/apnm-2015-0646"},{"issue":"2","key":"r6","series-title":"J Appl Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00266.2011","article-title":"Ischemic preconditioning of the muscle improves maximal exercise performance but not maximal oxygen uptake in humans","volume":"111","author":"Crisafulli A","year":"2011","unstructured":"Crisafulli A, Tangianu F, Tocco F, et\u00a0al. Ischemic preconditioning of the muscle improves maximal exercise performance but not maximal oxygen uptake in humans. J Appl Physiol. 2011;111(2):530\u2013536. doi:10.1152\/japplphysiol.00266.2011"},{"key":"r7","series-title":"Auton Neurosci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2017.03.006","article-title":"Implications of altered autonomic control on sports performance in athletes with spinal cord injury","volume":"209","author":"Cruz S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cruz S, Blauwet CA. Implications of altered autonomic control on sports performance in athletes with spinal cord injury. Auton Neurosci. 2018;209:100\u2013104. doi:10.1016\/j.autneu.2017.03.006"},{"key":"r8","series-title":"Front Rehabil Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fresc.2021.732342","article-title":"Physiological considerations to support podium performance in para-athletes","volume":"2","author":"Gee CM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gee CM, Lacroix MA, Stellingwerff T, Gavel EH, Logan-Sprenger HM, West CR. Physiological considerations to support podium performance in para-athletes. Front Rehabil Sci. 2021;2:732342. doi:10.3389\/fresc.2021.732342"},{"issue":"4","key":"r9","series-title":"J Sport Health Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2019.01.008","article-title":"An overview of ischemic preconditioning in exercise performance: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Caru M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Caru M, Levesque A, Lalonde F, Curnier D. An overview of ischemic preconditioning in exercise performance: a systematic review. J Sport Health Sci. 2019;8(4):355\u2013369. doi:10.1016\/j.jshs.2019.01.008"},{"issue":"3","key":"r10","series-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12229","article-title":"Remote ischemic preconditioning delays fatigue development during handgrip exercise","volume":"25","author":"Barbosa TC","year":"2015","unstructured":"Barbosa TC, Machado AC, Braz ID, Fernandes IA, Nobrega ACL, Silva BM. Remote ischemic preconditioning delays fatigue development during handgrip exercise. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2015;25(3):356\u2013364. doi:10.1111\/sms.12229"},{"issue":"8","key":"r11","series-title":"Int J Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1565141","article-title":"Ischemic preconditioning enhances muscle endurance during sustained isometric exercise","volume":"37","author":"Tanaka D","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tanaka D, Suga T, Tanaka T, et\u00a0al. Ischemic preconditioning enhances muscle endurance during sustained isometric exercise. Int J Sports Med. 2016;37(8):614\u2013618. doi:10.1055\/s-0035-1565141"},{"issue":"5","key":"r12","series-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R475","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00387.2014","article-title":"Blood flow and muscle oxygenation during low, moderate, and maximal sustained isometric contractions","volume":"309","author":"McNeil CJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"McNeil CJ, Allen MD, Olympico E, Shoemaker JK, Rice CL. Blood flow and muscle oxygenation during low, moderate, and maximal sustained isometric contractions. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2015;309(5):R475\u2013R481. doi:10.1152\/ajpregu.00387.2014"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/ijspp\/19\/12\/article-p1508.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ijspp\/19\/12\/article-p1508.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ijspp\/19\/12\/article-p1508.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T20:21:59Z","timestamp":1732566119000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/ijspp\/19\/12\/article-p1508.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/ijspp.2024-0188","relation":{},"ISSN":["1555-0265","1555-0273"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1555-0265","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-0273","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]]}}}