{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T17:55:03Z","timestamp":1765994103159,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Purpose<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    Sleep in elite athletes could be compromised by stressors such as high training volumes and mediated by factors related to individual characteristics and training schedule. However, longitudinal real-world data capturing the factors influencing sleep in elite athletes remain scarce. We aimed to determine what predicts sleep quantity, sleep\u00a0quality, and morning cognitive readiness in elite speed skaters of the Canadian short-track World\u00a0Cup team.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    In the beginning of the preseason period, 16 athletes (7 women) completed the Sleep Health Index, the Insomnia Severity Index questionnaire, and the Caen Chronotype Questionnaire. For 14 consecutive days, athletes filled in detailed logs, performed morning psychomotor vigilance tasks, and wore an actigraphic device.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    Athletes overestimated their sleep by 9:42\u2009\u00b1\u200921:34\u00a0min:s, sleeping on average 07:56\u2009\u00b1\u200900:59\u00a0hours. Mean psychomotor vigilance-task reaction time was 275\u2009\u00b1\u200934.5\u00a0milliseconds. Sex, chronotype, and\u00a0nap and training duration explained 34% of the variance in sleep (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Sleep quality was mainly predicted by a combination of sex, sleep, sleep credit, and chronotype (Akaike information criterion\u2009=\u200949.44). Psychomotor vigilance-task performance was mainly explained by sex, with men being 12.4% faster than women (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Evening chronotypes were associated with lower sleep duration, whereas men possibly experienced faster recovery.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    These preliminary results provide insights into factors influencing sleep in speed skaters, such as chronotype, training load, and sex differences, which could be leveraged to optimize training and recovery.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2025-0088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T11:27:14Z","timestamp":1762255634000},"page":"27-32","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Determinants of Sleep and Morning Alertness in Elite Short-Track Speed Skaters During the Preseason"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9385-6972","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Giorgio","family":"Varesco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Sport of Qu\u00e9bec, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-Coeur de Montr\u00e9al, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l\u2019\u00cele-de-Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Departement de Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alix","family":"Renaud-Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Sport of Qu\u00e9bec, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mickael","family":"Germain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-Coeur de Montr\u00e9al, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l\u2019\u00cele-de-Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Szocs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-Coeur de Montr\u00e9al, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l\u2019\u00cele-de-Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2690-5479","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nathalie","family":"Pattyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-Coeur de Montr\u00e9al, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l\u2019\u00cele-de-Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Departement de Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Research Unit VIPER, Royal Military Academy, Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9690-9168","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Bieuzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Sport of Qu\u00e9bec, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5400-319X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guido","family":"Simonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9-Coeur de Montr\u00e9al, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l\u2019\u00cele-de-Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Departement de Medicine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Departement de Neurosciences,\u00a0Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"key":"r1","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102025","article-title":"Sleep and the athlete: narrative review and 2021 expert consensus recommendations","volume":"10","author":"Walsh NP","year":"2020","unstructured":"Walsh NP, Halson SL, Sargent C, et\u00a0al. Sleep and the athlete: narrative review and 2021 expert consensus recommendations. Br J Sports Med. 2020;10:2025. doi:10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102025"},{"issue":"2","key":"r2","series-title":"Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-021-01555-1","article-title":"Sleep quality in elite athletes: normative values, reliability and understanding contributors to poor sleep","volume":"52","author":"Halson SL","year":"2022","unstructured":"Halson SL, Johnston RD, Appaneal RN, et\u00a0al. Sleep quality in elite athletes: normative values, reliability and understanding contributors to poor sleep. Sports Med. 2022;52(2):417\u2013426. doi:10.1007\/s40279-021-01555-1"},{"issue":"6","key":"r3","series-title":"J Sports Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2012.660188","article-title":"Sleep duration and quality in elite athletes measured using wristwatch actigraphy","volume":"30","author":"Leeder J","year":"2012","unstructured":"Leeder J, Glaister M, Pizzoferro K, Dawson J, Pedlar C. Sleep duration and quality in elite athletes measured using wristwatch actigraphy. J Sports Sci. 2012;30(6):541\u2013545. doi:10.1080\/02640414.2012.660188"},{"issue":"7","key":"r4","series-title":"Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-016-0650-6","article-title":"Does elite sport degrade sleep quality? A systematic review","volume":"47","author":"Gupta L","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gupta L, Morgan K, Gilchrist S. Does elite sport degrade sleep quality? A systematic review. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1317\u20131333. doi:10.1007\/s40279-016-0650-6"},{"issue":"1","key":"r5","series-title":"Sleep Adv","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleepadvances\/zpac038","article-title":"Ultra-short objective alertness assessment: an adaptive duration version of the 3 minute PVT (PVT-BA) accurately tracks changes in psychomotor vigilance induced by sleep restriction","volume":"3","author":"Basner M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Basner M. Ultra-short objective alertness assessment: an adaptive duration version of the 3 minute PVT (PVT-BA) accurately tracks changes in psychomotor vigilance induced by sleep restriction. Sleep Adv. 2022;3(1):zpac038. doi:10.1093\/sleepadvances\/zpac038"},{"issue":"13","key":"r6","series-title":"J Sports Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2017.1398885","article-title":"Does self-perceived sleep reflect sleep estimated via activity monitors in professional rugby league athletes?","volume":"36","author":"Caia J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Caia J, Thornton HR, Kelly VG, et\u00a0al. Does self-perceived sleep reflect sleep estimated via activity monitors in professional rugby league athletes? J Sports Sci. 2018;36(13):1492\u20131496. doi:10.1080\/02640414.2017.1398885"},{"issue":"2","key":"r7","series-title":"Sleep","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.1642","article-title":"The consensus sleep diary: standardizing prospective sleep self-monitoring","volume":"35","author":"Carney CE","year":"2012","unstructured":"Carney CE, Buysse DJ, Ancoli-Israel S, et\u00a0al. The consensus sleep diary: standardizing prospective sleep self-monitoring. Sleep. 2012;35(2):297\u2013302. doi:10.5665\/sleep.1642"},{"issue":"2","key":"r8","series-title":"Eur J Sport Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2014.932016","article-title":"Sleep\/wake behaviours of elite athletes from individual and team sports","volume":"15","author":"Lastella M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lastella M, Roach GD, Halson SL, Sargent C. Sleep\/wake behaviours of elite athletes from individual and team sports. Eur J Sport Sci. 2015;15(2):94\u2013100. doi:10.1080\/17461391.2014.932016"},{"issue":"5","key":"r9","series-title":"Eur J Sport Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2015.1041062","article-title":"Sleep monitoring of a six-day microcycle in strength and high-intensity training","volume":"16","author":"K\u00f6lling S","year":"2016","unstructured":"K\u00f6lling S, Wiewelhove T, Raeder C, et\u00a0al. Sleep monitoring of a six-day microcycle in strength and high-intensity training. Eur J Sport Sci. 2016;16(5):507\u2013515. doi:10.1080\/17461391.2015.1041062"},{"key":"r10","series-title":"Exp Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/ep092195","article-title":"The impact of long\u2010haul travel and 13\u00a0h time change on sleep and rest activity circadian rhythm in speed skaters during world cup competitions","volume":"10","author":"Varesco G","year":"2024","unstructured":"Varesco G, Yao CW, Dub\u00e9 E, Simonelli G, Bieuzen F. The impact of long\u2010haul travel and 13\u00a0h time change on sleep and rest activity circadian rhythm in speed skaters during world cup competitions. Exp Physiol. 2024;10:195. doi:10.1113\/ep092195"},{"issue":"5","key":"r11","series-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000177","article-title":"Evidence of disturbed sleep and increased illness in overreached endurance athletes","volume":"46","author":"Hausswirth C","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hausswirth C, Louis J, Aubry A, Bonnet G, Duffield R, Meur YL. Evidence of disturbed sleep and increased illness in overreached endurance athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2014;46(5):1036\u20131045. doi:10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000177"},{"issue":"2","key":"r12","series-title":"Eur J Sport Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2017.1389992","article-title":"Sleep, training load and performance in elite female gymnasts","volume":"18","author":"Dumortier J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dumortier J, Mariman A, Boone J, et\u00a0al. Sleep, training load and performance in elite female gymnasts. Eur J Sport Sci. 2018;18(2):151\u2013161. doi:10.1080\/17461391.2017.1389992"},{"issue":"5","key":"r13","series-title":"J Sleep Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13578","article-title":"The effects of napping on night\u2010time sleep in healthy young adults","volume":"31","author":"Mograss M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mograss M, Abi\u2010Jaoude J, Frimpong E, et\u00a0al. The effects of napping on night\u2010time sleep in healthy young adults. J Sleep Res. 2022;31(5):e13578. doi:10.1111\/jsr.13578"},{"issue":"4","key":"r14","series-title":"J Sport Exerc Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.36905\/jses.2021.04.06","article-title":"Monitoring athletes sleep: a survey of current trends amongst practitioners","volume":"5","author":"Hough PA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hough PA, North JS, Patterson SD, Pedlar CR. Monitoring athletes sleep: a survey of current trends amongst practitioners. J Sport Exerc Sci. 2021;5(4):277\u2013284. doi:10.36905\/jses.2021.04.06"},{"issue":"12","key":"r15","series-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-014-2973-z","article-title":"Combined caffeine and carbohydrate ingestion: effects on nocturnal sleep and exercise performance in athletes","volume":"114","author":"Miller B","year":"2014","unstructured":"Miller B, O\u2019Connor H, Orr R, Ruell P, Cheng HL, Chow CM. Combined caffeine and carbohydrate ingestion: effects on nocturnal sleep and exercise performance in athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2014;114(12):2529\u20132537. doi:10.1007\/s00421-014-2973-z"},{"issue":"18","key":"r16","series-title":"J Sports Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2018.1433443","article-title":"The psychomotor vigilance test: a comparison of different test durations in elite athletes","volume":"36","author":"Jones MJ","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jones MJ, Dunican IC, Murray K, et\u00a0al. The psychomotor vigilance test: a comparison of different test durations in elite athletes. J Sports Sci. 2018;36(18):2033\u20132037. doi:10.1080\/02640414.2018.1433443"},{"key":"r17","series-title":"Pers Individ Differ","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2019.05.017","article-title":"There is more to chronotypes than evening and morning types: results of a large-scale community survey provide evidence for high prevalence of two further types","volume":"148","author":"Putilov AA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Putilov AA, Marcoen N, Neu D, Pattyn N, Mairesse O. There is more to chronotypes than evening and morning types: results of a large-scale community survey provide evidence for high prevalence of two further types. Pers Individ Differ. 2019;148:77\u201384. doi:10.1016\/j.paid.2019.05.017"},{"issue":"5","key":"r18","series-title":"J Sleep Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12056","article-title":"Habitual \u2018sleep credit\u2019 is associated with greater grey matter volume of the medial prefrontal cortex, higher emotional intelligence and better mental health","volume":"22","author":"Weber M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weber M, Webb CA, Deldonno SR, et\u00a0al. Habitual \u2018sleep credit\u2019 is associated with greater grey matter volume of the medial prefrontal cortex, higher emotional intelligence and better mental health. J Sleep Res. 2013;22(5):527\u2013534. doi:10.1111\/jsr.12056"},{"issue":"4","key":"r19","series-title":"Sleep Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2017.05.011","article-title":"The national sleep foundation\u2019s sleep health index","volume":"3","author":"Knutson KL","year":"2017","unstructured":"Knutson KL, Phelan J, Paskow MJ, et\u00a0al. The national sleep foundation\u2019s sleep health index. Sleep Health. 2017;3(4):234\u2013240. doi:10.1016\/j.sleh.2017.05.011"},{"issue":"4","key":"r20","series-title":"Sleep Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(00)00065-4","article-title":"Validation of the insomnia severity index as an outcome measure for insomnia research","volume":"2","author":"Bastien CH","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bastien CH, Valli\u00e8res A, Morin CM. Validation of the insomnia severity index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Med. 2001;2(4):297\u2013307. doi:10.1016\/S1389-9457(00)00065-4"},{"issue":"5","key":"r21","series-title":"Chronobiol Int","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2012.763042","article-title":"Validation of a chronotype questionnaire including an amplitude dimension","volume":"30","author":"Dosseville F","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dosseville F, Laborde S, Lericollais R. Validation of a chronotype questionnaire including an amplitude dimension. Chronobiol Int. 2013;30(5):639\u2013648. doi:10.3109\/07420528.2012.763042"},{"issue":"10","key":"r22","series-title":"J Sci Med Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2015.12.007","article-title":"The validity of activity monitors for measuring sleep in elite athletes","volume":"19","author":"Sargent C","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sargent C, Lastella M, Halson SL, Roach GD. The validity of activity monitors for measuring sleep in elite athletes. J Sci Med Sport. 2016;19(10):848\u2013853. doi:10.1016\/j.jsams.2015.12.007"},{"issue":"8","key":"r23","series-title":"J Sci Med Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2016.11.021","article-title":"Software thresholds alter the bias of actigraphy for monitoring sleep in team-sport athletes","volume":"20","author":"Fuller KL","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fuller KL, Juliff L, Gore CJ, Peiffer JJ, Halson SL. Software thresholds alter the bias of actigraphy for monitoring sleep in team-sport athletes. J Sci Med Sport. 2017;20(8):756\u2013760. doi:10.1016\/j.jsams.2016.11.021"},{"issue":"3","key":"r24","series-title":"Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-019-01220-8","article-title":"Insufficient sleep in young athletes? Causes, consequences, and potential treatments","volume":"50","author":"Fox JL","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fox JL, Scanlan AT, Stanton R, Sargent C. Insufficient sleep in young athletes? Causes, consequences, and potential treatments. Sports Med. 2020;50(3):461\u2013470. doi:10.1007\/s40279-019-01220-8"},{"issue":"11","key":"r25","series-title":"J Clin Sleep Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.7478","article-title":"A new single-item sleep quality scale: results of psychometric evaluation in patients with chronic primary insomnia and depression","volume":"14","author":"Snyder E","year":"2018","unstructured":"Snyder E, Cai B, DeMuro C, Morrison MF, Ball W. A new single-item sleep quality scale: results of psychometric evaluation in patients with chronic primary insomnia and depression. J Clin Sleep Med. 2018;14(11):1849\u20131857. doi:10.5664\/jcsm.7478"},{"issue":"6","key":"r26","series-title":"Sleep","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.4716","article-title":"Recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult: a joint consensus statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society","volume":"38","author":"Watson NF","year":"2015","unstructured":"Watson NF, Badr MS, Belenky G, et\u00a0al. Recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult: a joint consensus statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society. Sleep. 2015;38(6):843\u2013844. doi:10.5665\/sleep.4716"},{"issue":"5","key":"r27","series-title":"Sleep Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2020.01.016","article-title":"Subjective and objective sleep differ in male and female collegiate athletes","volume":"6","author":"Carter JR","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carter JR, Gervais BM, Adomeit JL, Greenlund IM. Subjective and objective sleep differ in male and female collegiate athletes. Sleep Health. 2020;6(5):623\u2013628. doi:10.1016\/j.sleh.2020.01.016"},{"key":"r28","series-title":"Sleep Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.023","article-title":"Sleep-wake misperception. A comprehensive analysis of a large sleep lab cohort","volume":"88","author":"Valko PO","year":"2021","unstructured":"Valko PO, Hunziker S, Graf K, Werth E, Baumann CR. Sleep-wake misperception. A comprehensive analysis of a large sleep lab cohort. Sleep Med. 2021;88:96\u2013103. doi:10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.023"},{"issue":"1","key":"r29","series-title":"Psychophysiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1983.tb00906.x","article-title":"Memory for events occurring during arousal from sleep","volume":"20","author":"Bonnet MH","year":"1983","unstructured":"Bonnet MH. Memory for events occurring during arousal from sleep. Psychophysiology. 1983;20(1):81\u201387. doi:10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1983.tb00906.x"},{"key":"r30","series-title":"Sleep Med Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2023.101769","article-title":"Behaviour genetics and sleep: a narrative review of the last decade of quantitative and molecular genetic research in humans","volume":"69","author":"Madrid-Valero JJ","year":"2023","unstructured":"Madrid-Valero JJ, Gregory AM. Behaviour genetics and sleep: a narrative review of the last decade of quantitative and molecular genetic research in humans. Sleep Med Rev. 2023;69:101769. doi:10.1016\/j.smrv.2023.101769"},{"issue":"6","key":"r31","series-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0253376","article-title":"Sex differences in sleep and influence of the menstrual cycle on women\u2019s sleep in junior endurance athletes","volume":"16","author":"Hrozanova M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hrozanova M, Kl\u00f6ckner CA, Sandbakk \u00d8, Pallesen S, Moen F. Sex differences in sleep and influence of the menstrual cycle on women\u2019s sleep in junior endurance athletes. PLoS One. 2021;16(6):e0253376. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0253376"},{"issue":"8","key":"r32","series-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4530","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0520","article-title":"Effects of acutely displaced sleep on testosterone","volume":"90","author":"Axelsson J","year":"2005","unstructured":"Axelsson J, Ingre M, \u00c5kerstedt T, Holmb\u00e4ck U. Effects of acutely displaced sleep on testosterone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(8):4530\u20134535. doi:10.1210\/jc.2005-0520"},{"issue":"2","key":"r33","series-title":"J Am Coll Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.3200\/JACH.57.2.150-158","article-title":"Sleep and behavioral correlates of napping among young adults: a survey of first-year university students in Madrid, Spain","volume":"57","author":"Vela-Bueno A","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vela-Bueno A, Fernandez-Mendoza J, Olavarrieta-Bernardino S, et\u00a0al. Sleep and behavioral correlates of napping among young adults: a survey of first-year university students in Madrid, Spain. J Am Coll Health. 2008;57(2):150\u2013158. doi:10.3200\/JACH.57.2.150-158"},{"issue":"2","key":"r34","series-title":"Behav Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1080\/08964280109595773","article-title":"The prevalence of daytime napping and its relationship to nighttime sleep","volume":"27","author":"Pilcher JJ","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pilcher JJ, Michalowski KR, Carrigan RD. The prevalence of daytime napping and its relationship to nighttime sleep. Behav Med. 2001;27(2):71\u201376. doi:10.1080\/08964280109595773"},{"issue":"7","key":"r35","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2023-0296","article-title":"Habitual nocturnal sleep, napping behavior, and recovery following training and competition in elite water polo: sex-related effects","volume":"19","author":"Koutouvakis NG","year":"2024","unstructured":"Koutouvakis NG, Geladas ND, Mouratidis A, Toubekis AG, Botonis PG. Habitual nocturnal sleep, napping behavior, and recovery following training and competition in elite water polo: sex-related effects. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2024;19(7):651\u2013660. doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2023-0296"},{"issue":"12","key":"r36","series-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2164","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14060","article-title":"The impact of daytime napping on athletic performance\u2014a narrative review","volume":"31","author":"Botonis PG","year":"2021","unstructured":"Botonis PG, Koutouvakis N, Toubekis AG. The impact of daytime napping on athletic performance\u2014a narrative review. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2021;31(12):2164\u20132177. doi:10.1111\/sms.14060"},{"issue":"4","key":"r37","series-title":"Chronobiol Int","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2019.1569673","article-title":"Athletes\u2019 rest-activity circadian rhythm differs in accordance with the sport discipline","volume":"36","author":"Vitale JA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vitale JA, Banfi G, Sias M, Torre AL. Athletes\u2019 rest-activity circadian rhythm differs in accordance with the sport discipline. Chronobiol Int. 2019;36(4):578\u2013586. doi:10.1080\/07420528.2019.1569673"},{"key":"r1","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102025","article-title":"Sleep and the athlete: narrative review and 2021 expert consensus recommendations","volume":"10","author":"Walsh NP","year":"2020","unstructured":"Walsh NP, Halson SL, Sargent C, et\u00a0al. Sleep and the athlete: narrative review and 2021 expert consensus recommendations. Br J Sports Med. 2020;10:2025. doi:10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102025"},{"issue":"2","key":"r2","series-title":"Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-021-01555-1","article-title":"Sleep quality in elite athletes: normative values, reliability and understanding contributors to poor sleep","volume":"52","author":"Halson SL","year":"2022","unstructured":"Halson SL, Johnston RD, Appaneal RN, et\u00a0al. Sleep quality in elite athletes: normative values, reliability and understanding contributors to poor sleep. Sports Med. 2022;52(2):417\u2013426. doi:10.1007\/s40279-021-01555-1"},{"issue":"6","key":"r3","series-title":"J Sports Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2012.660188","article-title":"Sleep duration and quality in elite athletes measured using wristwatch actigraphy","volume":"30","author":"Leeder J","year":"2012","unstructured":"Leeder J, Glaister M, Pizzoferro K, Dawson J, Pedlar C. Sleep duration and quality in elite athletes measured using wristwatch actigraphy. J Sports Sci. 2012;30(6):541\u2013545. doi:10.1080\/02640414.2012.660188"},{"issue":"7","key":"r4","series-title":"Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-016-0650-6","article-title":"Does elite sport degrade sleep quality? A systematic review","volume":"47","author":"Gupta L","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gupta L, Morgan K, Gilchrist S. Does elite sport degrade sleep quality? A systematic review. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1317\u20131333. doi:10.1007\/s40279-016-0650-6"},{"issue":"1","key":"r5","series-title":"Sleep Adv","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleepadvances\/zpac038","article-title":"Ultra-short objective alertness assessment: an adaptive duration version of the 3 minute PVT (PVT-BA) accurately tracks changes in psychomotor vigilance induced by sleep restriction","volume":"3","author":"Basner M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Basner M. Ultra-short objective alertness assessment: an adaptive duration version of the 3 minute PVT (PVT-BA) accurately tracks changes in psychomotor vigilance induced by sleep restriction. Sleep Adv. 2022;3(1):zpac038. doi:10.1093\/sleepadvances\/zpac038"},{"issue":"13","key":"r6","series-title":"J Sports Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2017.1398885","article-title":"Does self-perceived sleep reflect sleep estimated via activity monitors in professional rugby league athletes?","volume":"36","author":"Caia J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Caia J, Thornton HR, Kelly VG, et\u00a0al. Does self-perceived sleep reflect sleep estimated via activity monitors in professional rugby league athletes? J Sports Sci. 2018;36(13):1492\u20131496. doi:10.1080\/02640414.2017.1398885"},{"issue":"2","key":"r7","series-title":"Sleep","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.1642","article-title":"The consensus sleep diary: standardizing prospective sleep self-monitoring","volume":"35","author":"Carney CE","year":"2012","unstructured":"Carney CE, Buysse DJ, Ancoli-Israel S, et\u00a0al. The consensus sleep diary: standardizing prospective sleep self-monitoring. Sleep. 2012;35(2):297\u2013302. doi:10.5665\/sleep.1642"},{"issue":"2","key":"r8","series-title":"Eur J Sport Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2014.932016","article-title":"Sleep\/wake behaviours of elite athletes from individual and team sports","volume":"15","author":"Lastella M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lastella M, Roach GD, Halson SL, Sargent C. Sleep\/wake behaviours of elite athletes from individual and team sports. Eur J Sport Sci. 2015;15(2):94\u2013100. doi:10.1080\/17461391.2014.932016"},{"issue":"5","key":"r9","series-title":"Eur J Sport Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2015.1041062","article-title":"Sleep monitoring of a six-day microcycle in strength and high-intensity training","volume":"16","author":"K\u00f6lling S","year":"2016","unstructured":"K\u00f6lling S, Wiewelhove T, Raeder C, et\u00a0al. Sleep monitoring of a six-day microcycle in strength and high-intensity training. Eur J Sport Sci. 2016;16(5):507\u2013515. doi:10.1080\/17461391.2015.1041062"},{"key":"r10","series-title":"Exp Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/ep092195","article-title":"The impact of long\u2010haul travel and 13\u00a0h time change on sleep and rest activity circadian rhythm in speed skaters during world cup competitions","volume":"10","author":"Varesco G","year":"2024","unstructured":"Varesco G, Yao CW, Dub\u00e9 E, Simonelli G, Bieuzen F. The impact of long\u2010haul travel and 13\u00a0h time change on sleep and rest activity circadian rhythm in speed skaters during world cup competitions. Exp Physiol. 2024;10:195. doi:10.1113\/ep092195"},{"issue":"5","key":"r11","series-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000177","article-title":"Evidence of disturbed sleep and increased illness in overreached endurance athletes","volume":"46","author":"Hausswirth C","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hausswirth C, Louis J, Aubry A, Bonnet G, Duffield R, Meur YL. Evidence of disturbed sleep and increased illness in overreached endurance athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2014;46(5):1036\u20131045. doi:10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000177"},{"issue":"2","key":"r12","series-title":"Eur J Sport Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2017.1389992","article-title":"Sleep, training load and performance in elite female gymnasts","volume":"18","author":"Dumortier J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dumortier J, Mariman A, Boone J, et\u00a0al. Sleep, training load and performance in elite female gymnasts. Eur J Sport Sci. 2018;18(2):151\u2013161. doi:10.1080\/17461391.2017.1389992"},{"issue":"5","key":"r13","series-title":"J Sleep Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13578","article-title":"The effects of napping on night\u2010time sleep in healthy young adults","volume":"31","author":"Mograss M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mograss M, Abi\u2010Jaoude J, Frimpong E, et\u00a0al. The effects of napping on night\u2010time sleep in healthy young adults. J Sleep Res. 2022;31(5):e13578. doi:10.1111\/jsr.13578"},{"issue":"4","key":"r14","series-title":"J Sport Exerc Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.36905\/jses.2021.04.06","article-title":"Monitoring athletes sleep: a survey of current trends amongst practitioners","volume":"5","author":"Hough PA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hough PA, North JS, Patterson SD, Pedlar CR. Monitoring athletes sleep: a survey of current trends amongst practitioners. J Sport Exerc Sci. 2021;5(4):277\u2013284. doi:10.36905\/jses.2021.04.06"},{"issue":"12","key":"r15","series-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-014-2973-z","article-title":"Combined caffeine and carbohydrate ingestion: effects on nocturnal sleep and exercise performance in athletes","volume":"114","author":"Miller B","year":"2014","unstructured":"Miller B, O\u2019Connor H, Orr R, Ruell P, Cheng HL, Chow CM. Combined caffeine and carbohydrate ingestion: effects on nocturnal sleep and exercise performance in athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2014;114(12):2529\u20132537. doi:10.1007\/s00421-014-2973-z"},{"issue":"18","key":"r16","series-title":"J Sports Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2018.1433443","article-title":"The psychomotor vigilance test: a comparison of different test durations in elite athletes","volume":"36","author":"Jones MJ","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jones MJ, Dunican IC, Murray K, et\u00a0al. The psychomotor vigilance test: a comparison of different test durations in elite athletes. J Sports Sci. 2018;36(18):2033\u20132037. doi:10.1080\/02640414.2018.1433443"},{"key":"r17","series-title":"Pers Individ Differ","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2019.05.017","article-title":"There is more to chronotypes than evening and morning types: results of a large-scale community survey provide evidence for high prevalence of two further types","volume":"148","author":"Putilov AA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Putilov AA, Marcoen N, Neu D, Pattyn N, Mairesse O. There is more to chronotypes than evening and morning types: results of a large-scale community survey provide evidence for high prevalence of two further types. Pers Individ Differ. 2019;148:77\u201384. doi:10.1016\/j.paid.2019.05.017"},{"issue":"5","key":"r18","series-title":"J Sleep Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.12056","article-title":"Habitual \u2018sleep credit\u2019 is associated with greater grey matter volume of the medial prefrontal cortex, higher emotional intelligence and better mental health","volume":"22","author":"Weber M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weber M, Webb CA, Deldonno SR, et\u00a0al. Habitual \u2018sleep credit\u2019 is associated with greater grey matter volume of the medial prefrontal cortex, higher emotional intelligence and better mental health. J Sleep Res. 2013;22(5):527\u2013534. doi:10.1111\/jsr.12056"},{"issue":"4","key":"r19","series-title":"Sleep Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2017.05.011","article-title":"The national sleep foundation\u2019s sleep health index","volume":"3","author":"Knutson KL","year":"2017","unstructured":"Knutson KL, Phelan J, Paskow MJ, et\u00a0al. The national sleep foundation\u2019s sleep health index. Sleep Health. 2017;3(4):234\u2013240. doi:10.1016\/j.sleh.2017.05.011"},{"issue":"4","key":"r20","series-title":"Sleep Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(00)00065-4","article-title":"Validation of the insomnia severity index as an outcome measure for insomnia research","volume":"2","author":"Bastien CH","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bastien CH, Valli\u00e8res A, Morin CM. Validation of the insomnia severity index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Med. 2001;2(4):297\u2013307. doi:10.1016\/S1389-9457(00)00065-4"},{"issue":"5","key":"r21","series-title":"Chronobiol Int","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528.2012.763042","article-title":"Validation of a chronotype questionnaire including an amplitude dimension","volume":"30","author":"Dosseville F","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dosseville F, Laborde S, Lericollais R. Validation of a chronotype questionnaire including an amplitude dimension. Chronobiol Int. 2013;30(5):639\u2013648. doi:10.3109\/07420528.2012.763042"},{"issue":"10","key":"r22","series-title":"J Sci Med Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2015.12.007","article-title":"The validity of activity monitors for measuring sleep in elite athletes","volume":"19","author":"Sargent C","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sargent C, Lastella M, Halson SL, Roach GD. The validity of activity monitors for measuring sleep in elite athletes. J Sci Med Sport. 2016;19(10):848\u2013853. doi:10.1016\/j.jsams.2015.12.007"},{"issue":"8","key":"r23","series-title":"J Sci Med Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2016.11.021","article-title":"Software thresholds alter the bias of actigraphy for monitoring sleep in team-sport athletes","volume":"20","author":"Fuller KL","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fuller KL, Juliff L, Gore CJ, Peiffer JJ, Halson SL. Software thresholds alter the bias of actigraphy for monitoring sleep in team-sport athletes. J Sci Med Sport. 2017;20(8):756\u2013760. doi:10.1016\/j.jsams.2016.11.021"},{"issue":"3","key":"r24","series-title":"Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-019-01220-8","article-title":"Insufficient sleep in young athletes? Causes, consequences, and potential treatments","volume":"50","author":"Fox JL","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fox JL, Scanlan AT, Stanton R, Sargent C. Insufficient sleep in young athletes? Causes, consequences, and potential treatments. Sports Med. 2020;50(3):461\u2013470. doi:10.1007\/s40279-019-01220-8"},{"issue":"11","key":"r25","series-title":"J Clin Sleep Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.7478","article-title":"A new single-item sleep quality scale: results of psychometric evaluation in patients with chronic primary insomnia and depression","volume":"14","author":"Snyder E","year":"2018","unstructured":"Snyder E, Cai B, DeMuro C, Morrison MF, Ball W. A new single-item sleep quality scale: results of psychometric evaluation in patients with chronic primary insomnia and depression. J Clin Sleep Med. 2018;14(11):1849\u20131857. doi:10.5664\/jcsm.7478"},{"issue":"6","key":"r26","series-title":"Sleep","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.4716","article-title":"Recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult: a joint consensus statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society","volume":"38","author":"Watson NF","year":"2015","unstructured":"Watson NF, Badr MS, Belenky G, et\u00a0al. Recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult: a joint consensus statement of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society. Sleep. 2015;38(6):843\u2013844. doi:10.5665\/sleep.4716"},{"issue":"5","key":"r27","series-title":"Sleep Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2020.01.016","article-title":"Subjective and objective sleep differ in male and female collegiate athletes","volume":"6","author":"Carter JR","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carter JR, Gervais BM, Adomeit JL, Greenlund IM. Subjective and objective sleep differ in male and female collegiate athletes. Sleep Health. 2020;6(5):623\u2013628. doi:10.1016\/j.sleh.2020.01.016"},{"key":"r28","series-title":"Sleep Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.023","article-title":"Sleep-wake misperception. A comprehensive analysis of a large sleep lab cohort","volume":"88","author":"Valko PO","year":"2021","unstructured":"Valko PO, Hunziker S, Graf K, Werth E, Baumann CR. Sleep-wake misperception. A comprehensive analysis of a large sleep lab cohort. Sleep Med. 2021;88:96\u2013103. doi:10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.10.023"},{"issue":"1","key":"r29","series-title":"Psychophysiology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1983.tb00906.x","article-title":"Memory for events occurring during arousal from sleep","volume":"20","author":"Bonnet MH","year":"1983","unstructured":"Bonnet MH. Memory for events occurring during arousal from sleep. Psychophysiology. 1983;20(1):81\u201387. doi:10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1983.tb00906.x"},{"key":"r30","series-title":"Sleep Med Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2023.101769","article-title":"Behaviour genetics and sleep: a narrative review of the last decade of quantitative and molecular genetic research in humans","volume":"69","author":"Madrid-Valero JJ","year":"2023","unstructured":"Madrid-Valero JJ, Gregory AM. Behaviour genetics and sleep: a narrative review of the last decade of quantitative and molecular genetic research in humans. Sleep Med Rev. 2023;69:101769. doi:10.1016\/j.smrv.2023.101769"},{"issue":"6","key":"r31","series-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0253376","article-title":"Sex differences in sleep and influence of the menstrual cycle on women\u2019s sleep in junior endurance athletes","volume":"16","author":"Hrozanova M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hrozanova M, Kl\u00f6ckner CA, Sandbakk \u00d8, Pallesen S, Moen F. Sex differences in sleep and influence of the menstrual cycle on women\u2019s sleep in junior endurance athletes. PLoS One. 2021;16(6):e0253376. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0253376"},{"issue":"8","key":"r32","series-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4530","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0520","article-title":"Effects of acutely displaced sleep on testosterone","volume":"90","author":"Axelsson J","year":"2005","unstructured":"Axelsson J, Ingre M, \u00c5kerstedt T, Holmb\u00e4ck U. Effects of acutely displaced sleep on testosterone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(8):4530\u20134535. doi:10.1210\/jc.2005-0520"},{"issue":"2","key":"r33","series-title":"J Am Coll Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.3200\/JACH.57.2.150-158","article-title":"Sleep and behavioral correlates of napping among young adults: a survey of first-year university students in Madrid, Spain","volume":"57","author":"Vela-Bueno A","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vela-Bueno A, Fernandez-Mendoza J, Olavarrieta-Bernardino S, et\u00a0al. Sleep and behavioral correlates of napping among young adults: a survey of first-year university students in Madrid, Spain. J Am Coll Health. 2008;57(2):150\u2013158. doi:10.3200\/JACH.57.2.150-158"},{"issue":"2","key":"r34","series-title":"Behav Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1080\/08964280109595773","article-title":"The prevalence of daytime napping and its relationship to nighttime sleep","volume":"27","author":"Pilcher JJ","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pilcher JJ, Michalowski KR, Carrigan RD. The prevalence of daytime napping and its relationship to nighttime sleep. Behav Med. 2001;27(2):71\u201376. doi:10.1080\/08964280109595773"},{"issue":"7","key":"r35","series-title":"Int J Sports Physiol Perform","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2023-0296","article-title":"Habitual nocturnal sleep, napping behavior, and recovery following training and competition in elite water polo: sex-related effects","volume":"19","author":"Koutouvakis NG","year":"2024","unstructured":"Koutouvakis NG, Geladas ND, Mouratidis A, Toubekis AG, Botonis PG. Habitual nocturnal sleep, napping behavior, and recovery following training and competition in elite water polo: sex-related effects. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2024;19(7):651\u2013660. doi:10.1123\/ijspp.2023-0296"},{"issue":"12","key":"r36","series-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2164","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14060","article-title":"The impact of daytime napping on athletic performance\u2014a narrative review","volume":"31","author":"Botonis PG","year":"2021","unstructured":"Botonis PG, Koutouvakis N, Toubekis AG. The impact of daytime napping on athletic performance\u2014a narrative review. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2021;31(12):2164\u20132177. doi:10.1111\/sms.14060"},{"issue":"4","key":"r37","series-title":"Chronobiol Int","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2019.1569673","article-title":"Athletes\u2019 rest-activity circadian rhythm differs in accordance with the sport discipline","volume":"36","author":"Vitale JA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vitale JA, Banfi G, Sias M, Torre AL. Athletes\u2019 rest-activity circadian rhythm differs in accordance with the sport discipline. Chronobiol Int. 2019;36(4):578\u2013586. doi:10.1080\/07420528.2019.1569673"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/ijspp\/21\/1\/article-p27.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ijspp\/21\/1\/article-p27.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ijspp\/21\/1\/article-p27.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T17:50:05Z","timestamp":1765993805000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/ijspp\/21\/1\/article-p27.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/ijspp.2025-0088","relation":{},"ISSN":["1555-0265","1555-0273"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1555-0265"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1555-0273"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]}}}