{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T17:35:09Z","timestamp":1793295309143,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Purpose<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic>:<\/jats:italic>\n                    To investigate the influence of trained triathletes\u2019 performance levels on neuromuscular fatigue development during a sprint triathlon.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic>:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Nineteen male trained level triathletes performed a sprint triathlon simulation and were separated into \u201chigher performance experience volume\u201d (n\u2009=\u200911) and \u201clower performance experience volume\u201d (n\u2009=\u20098) based on overall sprint triathlon race time, triathlon experience, and weekly training volume. Neuromuscular, central, and peripheral fatigue were evaluated from changes in force (maximal voluntary isometric contraction), voluntary activation level, and twitch responses of the quadriceps muscle (Q\n                    <jats:sub>tw,pot<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), respectively.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic>:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Swimming speed relative to critical speed, cycling power relative to cycling respiratory compensation point, and running speed relative to running respiratory compensation point were similar between groups (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009\u2265\u2009.24). Significant main effects of time were observed for maximal voluntary isometric contraction, voluntary activation level, and Q\n                    <jats:sub>tw,pot<\/jats:sub>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), with no group or group \u00d7 time effects (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u2009.14). Q\n                    <jats:sub>tw,pot<\/jats:sub>\n                    was lower at postswimming compared to baseline (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and further decreased postcycling (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Following the running phase, Q\n                    <jats:sub>tw,pot<\/jats:sub>\n                    partially recovered to values comparable to postswimming (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u2009.57),\u00a0was greater than postcycling (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.006), but remained below baseline (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). This time-course was similar between lower performance experience volume and higher performance experience volume athletes.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic>:<\/jats:italic>\n                    The trained athletes of higher performance experience volume and lower performance experience volume groups set the intensity of each discipline at similar threshold percentages, leading to similar levels of neuromuscular, central, and peripheral fatigue after each discipline of a sprint triathlon.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2025-0236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T01:59:27Z","timestamp":1787363967000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neuromuscular Fatigue During a Simulated Sprint Triathlon Is Independent of Performance Level"],"prefix":"10.1123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3650-9709","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vinicius Ferreira dos Santos","family":"Andrade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Parana (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil"},{"name":"Physical Education and Sports Center, Federal University of Parana (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5528-3378","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vinnicius Clodoveu","family":"Kvas-Cabral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Parana (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0613-5104","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Adriano Eduardo","family":"Lima-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Performance Research Group, Federal University of Technology Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3591-8132","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Luana Loss","family":"Cabral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Parana (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1373-2900","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vitor Bertoli","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Pontifical Catholic University of Paran\u00e1 (PUCPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4508-3730","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gleber","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Parana (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"r1","series-title":"Physiol Rep","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.14292","article-title":"The maximal metabolic steady state: redefining the gold standard","volume":"7","author":"Jones AM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jones AM, Burnley M, Black MI, Poole DC, Vanhatalo A. 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