{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T20:21:32Z","timestamp":1787862092073,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Purpose<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic>:<\/jats:italic>\n                    This study compared the effects of low-frequency flywheel resistance training (FRT, 1 session\/week) and microdosing FRT (5 sessions\/week) on muscle architecture, strength, and vertical jump performance in active individuals.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic>:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Thirty participants were randomized into a microdosing group (MDG, n\u2009=\u200915) or a control group (CG, n\u2009=\u200915). Both groups completed equalized weekly training volumes (30 sets over 6\u00a0wk) using a flywheel leg press. The MDG performed one set daily, whereas the CG performed 5 sets once weekly. Vastus lateralis and rectus femoris muscle thickness, vastus lateralis fascicle length and angle, maximal voluntary isometric contraction in the half-squat exercise, countermovement and drop jump performance, rating of perceived exertion, and delayed-onset muscle soreness were assessed preintervention and postintervention.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic>:<\/jats:italic>\n                    MDG showed significant (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001) increases in muscle thickness (vastus lateralis: 9.8%, 0.21\u00a0cm, effect size [ES]\u2009=\u20090.41; and rectus femoris: 7.9%, 0.18\u00a0cm, ES\u2009=\u20090.34), fascicle length (11.8%, 0.96\u00a0cm, ES\u2009=\u20090.81), and fascicle angle (14.2%, 2.29\u00b0, ES\u2009=\u20091.16), drop jump RSI (24.4%, ES\u2009=\u20090.97), and drop jump take-off velocity (5.7%, ES\u2009=\u20090.27) while CG showed no significant changes. Both groups showed improved maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MDG: 27.4%, ES\u2009=\u20090.72; CG: 18.6%; ES\u2009=\u20090.48), countermovement height (MDG, 7.7%, ES\u2009=\u20090.34; CG: 5.9%, ES\u2009=\u20090.17), and countermovement mRSI (MDG, 32.1%, ES\u2009=\u20090.98; CG: 34.0%, ES\u2009=\u20090.60) with no intergroup differences. However, MDG reported significantly (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001) lower rating of perceived exertion and delayed-onset muscle soreness scores throughout the intervention.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic>:<\/jats:italic>\n                    FRT microdosing improved muscle architecture, while strength and power gains were similar to low-frequency FRT. Importantly, microdosing reduced fatigue and soreness, offering a practical alternative during competitive congested schedules or in rehabilitation settings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2025-0582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T16:23:49Z","timestamp":1777911829000},"page":"1041-1049","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microdosing of Flywheel Training: Effects of Low Versus High Training Frequency on Muscle Mass, Strength, and Power"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6696-5636","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sergio","family":"Maroto-Izquierdo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain"},{"name":"Proporci\u00f3n A, Applied Sports Science Center, Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain"},{"name":"Proporci\u00f3n A, Applied Sports Science Center, Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"L\u00f3pez-Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Martin-Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Health and Prevention in Sport, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8184-1121","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Masatoshi","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nishi Kyushu University, Ozaki, Kanzaki, Saga, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7679-2062","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Oliver","family":"Gonzalo-Skok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication and Education, Universidad Loyola Andaluc\u00eda, Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"r1","series-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0838.2003.00312.x","article-title":"Hamstring injury occurrence in elite soccer players after preseason strength training with eccentric overload","volume":"13","author":"Askling C","year":"2003","unstructured":"Askling C, Karlsson J, Thorstensson A. 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