{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T02:09:08Z","timestamp":1790215748216,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Given that increased use of the knee extensors relative to the hip extensors may contribute to various knee injuries, there is a need for a practical method to characterize movement behavior indicative of how individuals utilize the hip and knee extensors during dynamic tasks. The purpose of the current study was to determine whether the difference between sagittal plane trunk and tibia orientations obtained from 2D video (2D trunk\u2013tibia) could be used to predict the average hip\/knee extensor moment ratio during athletic movements. Thirty-nine healthy athletes (15 males and 24 females) performed 6 tasks (step down, drop jump, lateral shuffle, deceleration, triple hop, and side-step-cut). Lower-extremity kinetics (3D) and sagittal plane video (2D) were collected simultaneously. Linear regression analysis was performed to determine if the 2D trunk\u2013tibia angle at peak knee flexion predicted the average hip\/knee extensor moment ratio during the deceleration phase of each task. For each task, an increase in the 2D trunk\u2013tibia angle predicted an increase in the average hip\/knee extensor moment ratio when adjusted for body mass (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.013, <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u2009.17\u2013.77). The 2D trunk\u2013tibia angle represents a practical method to characterize movement behavior that is indicative of how individuals utilize the hip and knee extensors during dynamic tasks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.2021-0055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]],"date-time":"2021-09-02T07:41:51Z","timestamp":1630568511000},"page":"458-462","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Clinical Estimation of the Use of the Hip and Knee Extensors During Athletic Movements Using 2D Video"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Rachel K.","family":"Straub","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1University of Southern California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Horgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Trinity College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Powers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University of Southern California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2020-0397","article-title":"Trunk inclination during squatting is a better predictor of the knee-extensor moment than shank inclination","author":"Straub","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Sport Rehabil"},{"key":"ref291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-50.1.10","article-title":"The landing error scoring system as a screening tool for an anterior cruciate ligament injury-prevention program in elite-youth soccer athletes","volume":"50","author":"Padua","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"ref361","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515616237","article-title":"Hip muscle strength predicts noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury in male and female athletes: a prospective study","volume":"44","author":"Khayambashi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref511","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-44.2.174","article-title":"Sagittal-plane trunk position, landing forces, and quadriceps electromyographic activity","volume":"44","author":"Blackburn","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"ref481","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20459","article-title":"Predictors of proximal tibia anterior shear force during a vertical stop-jump","volume":"25","author":"Sell","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2014.5249","article-title":"Sagittal plane trunk posture influences patellofemoral joint stress during running","volume":"44","author":"Teng","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref601","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-50.1.10","article-title":"The landing error scoring system as a screening tool for an anterior cruciate ligament injury-prevention program in elite-youth soccer athletes","volume":"50","author":"Padua","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"ref341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658601400307","article-title":"Athletic injuries: comparison by age, sport, and gender","volume":"14","author":"DeHaven","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref551","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2016-0197","article-title":"Effects of anterior knee displacement during squatting on patellofemoral joint stress","volume":"27","author":"Kernozek","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Sport Rehabil"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2015.06.013","article-title":"Can two-dimensional video analysis during single-leg drop vertical jumps help identify non-contact knee injury risk? 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Coaching"},{"key":"ref01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-10-98","article-title":"A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents: informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport","volume":"10","author":"Eime","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"key":"ref581","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.2017-0145","article-title":"The effects of filter cutoff frequency on musculoskeletal simulations of high-impact movements","volume":"34","author":"Tomescu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Appl Biomech"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000222","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2017-000222","article-title":"Weaker lower extremity muscle strength predicts traumatic knee injury in youth female but not male athletes","volume":"3","author":"Ryman Augustsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"},{"key":"ref431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504269591","article-title":"Biomechanical measures of neuromuscular control and valgus loading of the knee predict anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in female athletes: a prospective study","volume":"33","author":"Hewett","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref401","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1968","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510376053","article-title":"Biomechanical measures during landing and postural stability predict second anterior cruciate ligament injury after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and return to sport","volume":"38","author":"Paterno","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref461","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2014.5249","article-title":"Sagittal plane trunk posture influences patellofemoral joint stress during 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