{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T02:05:14Z","timestamp":1785895514733,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Shoulder complex stability can be estimated in vivo through the analysis of helical axes (HAs) dispersion during upper limb movements. The study aimed at investigating test\u2013retest reliability of shoulder HAs dispersion parameters during upper limb tasks. Twenty healthy volunteers performed 2 intransitive (shoulder flexion and rotation) and one transitive (combing) tasks with the dominant and nondominant upper limbs during 2 recording sessions at 1-week distance. Kinematics was detected through an optoelectronic system. Mean distance and mean angle (MA) were adopted as HAs dispersion indexes. Reliability was excellent for mean distance (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]: .91) and MA (ICC: .92) during dominant flexion, and good for MA (ICC: .90) during nondominant flexion. Moderate reliability was found for HAs parameters during rotation (ICCs from .70 to .59), except for MA during dominant rotation where reliability was poor. Reliability was good for mean distance (ICC: .83) and moderate for MA (ICC: .67) during the dominant combing task, whereas no reliability was found during the nondominant combing task. HAs dispersion parameters revealed high reliability during simple intransitive tasks with the dominant limb. Reliability decreased with the increase in task complexity due to the increase in movement variability. HAs dispersion technique could be used to assess shoulder complex stability in patients after rehabilitation or surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.2022-0321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T14:53:59Z","timestamp":1695912839000},"page":"440-445","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reliability of Shoulder Helical Axes During Intransitive and Transitive Upper Limb Tasks"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Paola","family":"Adamo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiotherapy Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center\u2013IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Temporiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiotherapy Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center\u2013IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Maffeis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiotherapy Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center\u2013IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Bolzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Gatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiotherapy Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center\u2013IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"key":"r1","series-title":"J Biomech","first-page":"72","article-title":"Dispersion of helical axes during shoulder movements in young and elderly subjects","volume":"88","author":"Temporiti F","year":"2019","unstructured":"Temporiti F, Furone R, Cescon C, et\u00a0al. 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