{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:22:51Z","timestamp":1791850971891,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"background\"><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Physical activity has been hypothesized to reduce the risk of gallbladder disease (gallstones, cholecystitis, cholecystectomy); however, results from epidemiological studies have not always shown statistically significant associations. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the presence and strength of an association between physical activity and gallbladder disease risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>PubMed and Embase databases were searched for studies of physical activity and gallbladder disease up to 9th of January 2015. Prospective studies reporting relative risk (RR) estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of gallbladder disease associated with physical activity were included. Summary RRs were estimated using a random effects model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight studies including 6958 cases and 218,204 participants were included. The summary RR for the highest versus the lowest level of physical activity was 0.75 (95% CI: 0.69\u20130.81, n = 8) and there was no evidence of heterogeneity, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0%). In the dose-response analysis the summary relative risk per 20 MET-hours of activity was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.80\u20130.90, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0%, n = 2) for leisure-time physical activity, 0.83 (95% CI: 0.76\u20130.90, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0%, n = 2) for vigorous physical activity, and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.76\u20130.98, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0%, n = 2) for nonvigorous physical activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our analysis confirms a protective effect of physical activity on risk of gallbladder disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2015-0456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,19]],"date-time":"2016-02-19T23:11:49Z","timestamp":1455923509000},"page":"788-795","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Physical Activity and the Risk of Gallbladder Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Dagfinn","family":"Aune","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Leitzmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars Johan","family":"Vatten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","container-title":["Journal of Physical Activity and Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/jpah\/13\/7\/article-p788.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/jpah\/13\/7\/article-p788.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]],"date-time":"2022-05-19T22:01:13Z","timestamp":1652997673000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/jpah\/13\/7\/article-p788.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/jpah.2015-0456","relation":{},"ISSN":["1543-3080","1543-5474"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1543-3080","type":"print"},{"value":"1543-5474","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]}}}