{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:26:00Z","timestamp":1787016360852,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":188,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    Global forced displacement has been rising steeply since 2015 as a result of wars and human rights abuses. Forcibly displaced people are often exposed to physical and mental strain, which can cause traumatic experiences and poor mental health. Physical activity has been linked with better mental health, although such evidence is scarce among those populations. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationships of self-reported physical activity and fitness with mental health indices among people residing in a refugee camp in Greece as asylum seekers.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    Participants were 151 individuals (76 women, 75 men; mean age 28.90\u00a0y) displaced from their homes for an average of 32.03\u00a0months. Among them, 67% were from Afghanistan and countries from southwest Asia, and 33% from sub-Saharan African countries. Participants completed self-report measures assessing physical activity, fitness, symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and well-being.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    High prevalence of mental health disorder symptoms and poor well-being were identified, with women and Asians showing poorer mental health. Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety were related to perceived fitness, but not to self-reported physical activity. Regression analysis showed that perceived fitness (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    : 0.34; 95% CI, 0.43 to 1.52) and low-intensity physical activity (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    : 0.24; 95% CI, 0.001 to 0.009) significantly positively predicted well-being, showing small to medium effect.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    The findings provide useful insights regarding the link between physical activity and well-being; nevertheless, further research examining objectively measured physical activity is warranted to complement these data and further explore the associations between physical activity and mental health.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2023-0325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]],"date-time":"2024-04-15T07:46:37Z","timestamp":1713167197000},"page":"657-667","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Self-Reported Physical Activity and Mental Health Among Asylum Seekers in a Refugee Camp"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8454-4553","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Konstantinia","family":"Filippou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5565-7232","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Florian","family":"Knappe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7062-479X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Antonis","family":"Hatzigeorgiadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9103-2910","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ioannis D.","family":"Morres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanouil","family":"Tzormpatzakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Havas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"P\u00fchse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5768-2060","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yannis","family":"Theodorakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6140-8948","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Markus","family":"Gerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"key":"r1","article-title":"UNHCR: Global displacement hits another record, capping decade-long rising trend","year":"2022","unstructured":"United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. UNHCR: Global displacement hits another record, capping decade-long rising trend. Published June 16, 2022. Accessed April 19, 2023. https:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/news\/news-releases\/unhcr-global-displacement-hits-another-record-capping-decade-long-rising-trend"},{"key":"r2","article-title":"Regular procedure. Asylum Information Database | European Council on Refugees and Exiles","year":"2022","unstructured":"Greek Council for Refugees. Regular procedure. Asylum Information Database | European Council on Refugees and Exiles. Published May 30, 2022. Accessed June 2, 2023. https:\/\/asylumineurope.org\/reports\/country\/greece\/asylum-procedure\/procedures\/regular-procedure\/"},{"key":"r3","article-title":"UNHCR Greece factsheet\u2014September 2022. UNHCR Operational Data Portal (ODP)","year":"2022","unstructured":"United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. UNHCR Greece factsheet\u2014September 2022. UNHCR Operational Data Portal (ODP). Published September 2022. Accessed April 19, 2023. https:\/\/data.unhcr.org\/en\/documents\/details\/96404"},{"issue":"7","key":"r4","series-title":"Soc Psychiatry Epidemiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-008-0333-1","article-title":"The impact of a long asylum procedure on quality of life, disability and physical health in Iraqi asylum seekers in the Netherlands","volume":"43","author":"Laban CJ","year":"2008","unstructured":"Laban CJ, Komproe IH, Gernaat HBPE, de Jong JTVM. The impact of a long asylum procedure on quality of life, disability and physical health in Iraqi asylum seekers in the Netherlands. Soc Psychiatry Epidemiol. 2008;43(7):507\u2013515. doi:10.1007\/s00127-008-0333-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"r5","series-title":"J Int Migr Integr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s12134-014-0340-x","article-title":"The healthy immigrant effect: patterns and evidence from four countries","volume":"16","author":"Kennedy S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kennedy S, Kidd MP, McDonald JT, Biddle N. The healthy immigrant effect: patterns and evidence from four countries. J Int Migr Integr. 2015;16(2):317\u2013332. doi:10.1007\/s12134-014-0340-x"},{"issue":"8","key":"r6","series-title":"Soc Sci Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2004.02.004","article-title":"Insights into the \u2018healthy immigrant effect\u2019: health status and health service use of immigrants to Canada","volume":"59","author":"McDonald JT","year":"2004","unstructured":"McDonald JT, Kennedy S. Insights into the \u2018healthy immigrant effect\u2019: health status and health service use of immigrants to Canada. Soc Sci Med. 2004;59(8):1613\u20131627. doi:10.1016\/j.socscimed.2004.02.004"},{"issue":"5","key":"r7","series-title":"PLoS Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001034","article-title":"Migration and health: a framework for 21st century policy-making","volume":"8","author":"Zimmerman C","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zimmerman C, Kiss L, Hossain M. Migration and health: a framework for 21st century policy-making. PLoS Med. 2011;8(5):e1001034. doi:10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001034"},{"issue":"9467","key":"r8","series-title":"Lancet,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)61027-6","article-title":"Prevalence of serious mental disorder in 7000 refugees resettled in western countries: a systematic review","volume":"365","author":"Fazel M","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fazel M, Wheeler J, Danesh J. (2005). Prevalence of serious mental disorder in 7000 refugees resettled in western countries: a systematic review. Lancet, 365(9467), 1309\u20131314. doi:10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)61027-6"},{"issue":"2","key":"r9","series-title":"Soc Sci Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.04.032","article-title":"Depression and anxiety in labor migrants and refugees\u2014A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"69","author":"Lindert J","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lindert J, Ehrenstein OS von, Priebe S, Mielck A, Br\u00e4hler E. Depression and anxiety in labor migrants and refugees\u2014A systematic review and meta-analysis. Soc Sci Med. 2009;69(2):246\u2013257. doi:10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.04.032"},{"issue":"7","key":"r10","series-title":"Med J Aust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00610.x","article-title":"A comparison of the mental health of refugees with temporary versus permanent protection visas","volume":"185","author":"Momartin S","year":"2006","unstructured":"Momartin S, Steel Z, Coello M, Aroche J, Silove DM, Brooks R. A comparison of the mental health of refugees with temporary versus permanent protection visas. Med J Aust. 2006;185(7):357\u2013361. doi:10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00610.x"},{"key":"r11","series-title":"World Report on the Health of Refugees and Migrants","year":"2022","unstructured":"World Health Organization. World Report on the Health of Refugees and Migrants. World Health Organization; 2022. Accessed November 10, 2022. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/360404"},{"issue":"1","key":"r12","series-title":"Soc Psychiatry Epidemiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-005-0003-5","article-title":"Physical and mental health of Afghan, Iranian and Somali asylum seekers and refugees living in the Netherlands","volume":"41","author":"Gerritsen AAM","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gerritsen AAM, Bramsen I, Devill\u00e9 W, van Willigen LHM, Hovens JE, van der Ploeg HM. Physical and mental health of Afghan, Iranian and Somali asylum seekers and refugees living in the Netherlands. Soc Psychiatry Epidemiol. 2006;41(1):18\u201326. doi:10.1007\/s00127-005-0003-5"},{"issue":"4","key":"r13","series-title":"BJPsych Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2020.54","article-title":"Anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in refugees resettling in high-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Henkelmann JR","year":"2020","unstructured":"Henkelmann JR, de Best S, Deckers C, et\u00a0al. Anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in refugees resettling in high-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. BJPsych Open. 2020;6(4):e68. doi:10.1192\/bjo.2020.54"},{"issue":"9","key":"r14","series-title":"PLoS Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003337","article-title":"The prevalence of mental illness in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Blackmore R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Blackmore R, Boyle JA, Fazel M, et\u00a0al. The prevalence of mental illness in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2020;17(9):e1003337. doi:10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003337"},{"issue":"1","key":"r15","series-title":"BMC Int Health Hum Rights","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12914-015-0064-9","article-title":"Long-term mental health of war-refugees: a systematic literature review","volume":"15","author":"Bogic M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bogic M, Njoku A, Priebe S. Long-term mental health of war-refugees: a systematic literature review. BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2015;15(1):29. doi:10.1186\/s12914-015-0064-9"},{"issue":"5","key":"r16","series-title":"JAMA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.5.602","article-title":"Predisplacement and postdisplacement factors associated with mental health of refugees and internally displaced persons: a meta-analysis","volume":"294","author":"Porter M","year":"2005","unstructured":"Porter M, Haslam N. Predisplacement and postdisplacement factors associated with mental health of refugees and internally displaced persons: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2005;294(5):602. doi:10.1001\/jama.294.5.602"},{"issue":"5","key":"r17","series-title":"JAMA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1132","article-title":"Association of torture and other potentially traumatic events with mental health outcomes among populations exposed to mass conflict and displacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"302","author":"Steel Z","year":"2009","unstructured":"Steel Z, Chey T, Silove D, Marnane C, Bryant RA, van Ommeren M. Association of torture and other potentially traumatic events with mental health outcomes among populations exposed to mass conflict and displacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2009;302(5):537. doi:10.1001\/jama.2009.1132"},{"key":"r18","series-title":"J Clin Psychiatry","first-page":"22","article-title":"Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"61","author":"Brady K","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brady K, Killeen T, Brewerton T, Lucerini S. Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000;61:22\u201332."},{"issue":"2","key":"r19","series-title":"Health Psychol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1037\/a0025989","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder is associated with poor health behaviors: findings from the heart and soul study","volume":"31","author":"Zen AL","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zen AL, Whooley MA, Zhao S, Cohen BE. Post-traumatic stress disorder is associated with poor health behaviors: findings from the heart and soul study. Health Psychol. 2012;31(2):194\u2013201. doi:10.1037\/a0025989"},{"issue":"2","key":"r20","series-title":"Am J Drug and Alcohol Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990500479522","article-title":"Alcohol use, mental health status and psychological well-being 2\u00a0years after the world trade center attacks in New York City","volume":"32","author":"Adams RE","year":"2006","unstructured":"Adams RE, Boscarino JA, Galea S. Alcohol use, mental health status and psychological well-being 2\u00a0years after the world trade center attacks in New York City. Am J Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 2006;32(2):203\u2013224. doi:10.1080\/00952990500479522"},{"issue":"2","key":"r21","series-title":"Psychiatry Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.10.017","article-title":"Physical activity in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"230","author":"Rosenbaum S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rosenbaum S, Vancampfort D, Steel Z, Newby J, Ward PB, Stubbs B. Physical activity in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res. 2015;230(2):130\u2013136. doi:10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.10.017"},{"issue":"1","key":"r22","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010849","article-title":"Evaluation of nutritional status with healthy eating index (HEI-2010) of Syrian refugees living outside the refugee camps","volume":"20","author":"Atayoglu AT","year":"2023","unstructured":"Atayoglu AT, Firat Y, Kaya N, et\u00a0al. Evaluation of nutritional status with healthy eating index (HEI-2010) of Syrian refugees living outside the refugee camps. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(1):849. doi:10.3390\/ijerph20010849"},{"issue":"5","key":"r23","series-title":"Prev Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2012.01.001","article-title":"PTSD is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease: time for increased screening and clinical intervention","volume":"54","author":"Boscarino JA","year":"2012","unstructured":"Boscarino JA. PTSD is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease: time for increased screening and clinical intervention. Prev Med. 2012;54(5):363\u2013364. doi:10.1016\/j.ypmed.2012.01.001"},{"issue":"1","key":"r24","series-title":"BMC Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-7-1","article-title":"The association of posttraumatic stress disorder and metabolic syndrome: a study of increased health risk in veterans","volume":"7","author":"Heppner PS","year":"2009","unstructured":"Heppner PS, Crawford EF, Haji UA, et\u00a0al. The association of posttraumatic stress disorder and metabolic syndrome: a study of increased health risk in veterans. BMC Med. 2009;7(1):1. doi:10.1186\/1741-7015-7-1"},{"issue":"7","key":"r25","series-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131483","article-title":"Effect of restricting access to health care on health expenditures among asylum-seekers and refugees: a quasi-experimental study in Germany, 1994\u20132013","volume":"10","author":"Bozorgmehr K","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bozorgmehr K, Razum O. Effect of restricting access to health care on health expenditures among asylum-seekers and refugees: a quasi-experimental study in Germany, 1994\u20132013. PLoS One. 2015;10(7):e0131483. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0131483"},{"issue":"2","key":"r26","series-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e3182043b39","article-title":"Mental health service use after the world trade center disaster: utilization trends and comparative effectiveness","volume":"199","author":"Boscarino JA","year":"2011","unstructured":"Boscarino JA, Adams RE, Figley CR. Mental health service use after the world trade center disaster: utilization trends and comparative effectiveness. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2011;199(2):91\u201399. doi:10.1097\/NMD.0b013e3182043b39"},{"issue":"6","key":"r27","series-title":"CMAJ","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.051351","article-title":"Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence","volume":"174","author":"Warburton DER","year":"2006","unstructured":"Warburton DER. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence. CMAJ. 2006;174(6):801\u2013809. doi:10.1503\/cmaj.051351"},{"key":"r28","series-title":"Global Status Report on Physical Activity 2022","year":"2022","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global Status Report on Physical Activity 2022. World Health Organization; 2022. Accessed December 1, 2022. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/363607"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"r29","series-title":"Mil Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1103","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usab497","article-title":"Physical exercise as treatment for PTSD: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"187","author":"Bj\u00f6rkman F","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rkman F, Ekblom \u00d6. Physical exercise as treatment for PTSD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mil Med. 2022;187(9\u201310):e1103\u2013e1113. doi:10.1093\/milmed\/usab497"},{"issue":"3","key":"r30","series-title":"Health Psychol Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1080\/17437199.2015.1022901","article-title":"A meta-meta-analysis of the effect of physical activity on depression and anxiety in non-clinical adult populations","volume":"9","author":"Rebar AL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rebar AL, Stanton R, Geard D, Short C, Duncan MJ, Vandelanotte C. A meta-meta-analysis of the effect of physical activity on depression and anxiety in non-clinical adult populations. Health Psychol Rev. 2015;9(3):366\u2013378. doi:10.1080\/17437199.2015.1022901"},{"key":"r31","series-title":"J Psychiatr Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2016.02.023","article-title":"Exercise as a treatment for depression: a meta-analysis adjusting for publication bias","volume":"77","author":"Schuch FB","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schuch FB, Vancampfort D, Richards J, Rosenbaum S, Ward PB, Stubbs B. Exercise as a treatment for depression: a meta-analysis adjusting for publication bias. J Psychiatr Res. 2016;77:42\u201351. doi:10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2016.02.023"},{"issue":"4","key":"r32","series-title":"J Sport Exerc Psychol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.20.4.339","article-title":"The effect of exercise on clinical depression and depression resulting from mental illness: a meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Craft LL","year":"1998","unstructured":"Craft LL, Landers DM. The effect of exercise on clinical depression and depression resulting from mental illness: a meta-analysis. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 1998;20(4):339\u2013357. doi:10.1123\/jsep.20.4.339"},{"key":"r33","series-title":"Eur Psychiatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2018.07.004","article-title":"EPA guidance on physical activity as a treatment for severe mental illness: a meta-review of the evidence and position statement from the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), supported by the international organization of physical therapists in mental health (IOPTMH)","volume":"54","author":"Stubbs B","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stubbs B, Vancampfort D, Hallgren M, et\u00a0al. EPA guidance on physical activity as a treatment for severe mental illness: a meta-review of the evidence and position statement from the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), supported by the international organization of physical therapists in mental health (IOPTMH). Eur Psychiatr. 2018;54:124\u2013144. doi:10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2018.07.004"},{"issue":"2","key":"r34","series-title":"J Sci Med Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2023.01.001","article-title":"Optimising the effects of physical activity on mental health and wellbeing: a joint consensus statement from sports medicine Australia and the Australian Psychological Society","volume":"26","author":"Vella SA","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vella SA, Aidman E, Teychenne M, et\u00a0al. Optimising the effects of physical activity on mental health and wellbeing: a joint consensus statement from sports medicine Australia and the Australian Psychological Society. J Sci Med Sport. 2023;26(2):132\u2013139. doi:10.1016\/j.jsams.2023.01.001"},{"issue":"5","key":"r35","series-title":"Am J Prev Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2016.12.008","article-title":"Domain-specific physical activity and mental health: a meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"White RL","year":"2017","unstructured":"White RL, Babic MJ, Parker PD, Lubans DR, Astell-Burt T, Lonsdale C. Domain-specific physical activity and mental health: a meta-analysis. Am J Prev Med. 2017;52(5):653\u2013666. doi:10.1016\/j.amepre.2016.12.008"},{"issue":"3","key":"r36","series-title":"Pediatrics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-1642","article-title":"Physical activity for cognitive and mental health in youth: a systematic review of mechanisms","volume":"138","author":"Lubans D","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lubans D, Richards J, Hillman C, et\u00a0al. Physical activity for cognitive and mental health in youth: a systematic review of mechanisms. Pediatrics. 2016;138(3):e20161642. doi:10.1542\/peds.2016-1642"},{"key":"r37","series-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2021.101901","article-title":"Efficacy of physical activity interventions on psychological outcomes in refugee, asylum seeker and migrant populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"54","author":"Purgato M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Purgato M, Richards J, Prina E, et\u00a0al. Efficacy of physical activity interventions on psychological outcomes in refugee, asylum seeker and migrant populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2021;54:101901. doi:10.1016\/j.psychsport.2021.101901"},{"issue":"2","key":"r38","series-title":"J Immigr Minor Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-011-9469-2","article-title":"Determinants of physical activity among Somali women living in Maine","volume":"14","author":"Devlin JT","year":"2012","unstructured":"Devlin JT, Dhalac D, Suldan AA, Jacobs A, Guled K, Bankole KA. Determinants of physical activity among Somali women living in Maine. J Immigr Minor Health. 2012;14(2):300\u2013306. doi:10.1007\/s10903-011-9469-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"r39","series-title":"J Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s10389-011-0443-1","article-title":"Acculturation and physical activity among immigrants: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Gerber M","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gerber M, Barker D, P\u00fchse U. Acculturation and physical activity among immigrants: a systematic review. J Public Health. 2012;20(3):313\u2013341. doi:10.1007\/s10389-011-0443-1"},{"issue":"3","key":"r40","series-title":"J Immigr Minor Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-022-01445-2","article-title":"Modifiable risk factors for dementia among migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in Australia: a systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Hamrah MS","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hamrah MS, Bartlett L, Jang S, Roccati E, Vickers JC. Modifiable risk factors for dementia among migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in Australia: a systematic review. J Immigr Minor Health. 2023;25(3):692\u2013711. doi:10.1007\/s10903-022-01445-2"},{"key":"r41","series-title":"Health Risk Behaviors Among Arab Adults Within the State of Michigan","author":"Snyder R","year":"2013","unstructured":"Snyder R, Lyon N. Health Risk Behaviors Among Arab Adults Within the State of Michigan. Michigan Department of Health and Human Services; 2013. https:\/\/www.michigan.gov\/-\/media\/Project\/Websites\/mdhhs\/Folder1\/Folder35\/Health_Risk_Behavior_Full_Arab.pdf?rev=d611a3e5231d4fb29a13d83d90b248ae"},{"issue":"2","key":"r42","series-title":"Ethn Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/13557850120068405","article-title":"Immigration and leisure-time physical inactivity: a population-based study","volume":"6","author":"Lindstr\u00f6m M","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lindstr\u00f6m M, Sundquist J. Immigration and leisure-time physical inactivity: a population-based study. Ethn Health. 2001;6(2):77\u201385. doi:10.1080\/13557850120068405"},{"issue":"1","key":"r43","series-title":"J Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdm075","article-title":"Physical inactivity among a UK Somali population","volume":"30","author":"McEwen A","year":"2008","unstructured":"McEwen A, Straus L, Ussher M. Physical inactivity among a UK Somali population. J Public Health. 2008;30(1):110\u2013110. doi:10.1093\/pubmed\/fdm075"},{"issue":"1","key":"r44","series-title":"BMC Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03461-2","article-title":"Physical activity, post-traumatic stress disorder, and exposure to torture among asylum seekers in Sweden: a cross-sectional study","volume":"21","author":"Nilsson H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nilsson H, Gustavsson C, Gottvall M, Saboonchi F. Physical activity, post-traumatic stress disorder, and exposure to torture among asylum seekers in Sweden: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry. 2021;21(1):452. doi:10.1186\/s12888-021-03461-2"},{"issue":"20","key":"r45","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16203904","article-title":"Impact of an 8-week exercise and sport intervention on post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, mental health, and physical fitness among male refugees living in a Greek refugee camp","volume":"16","author":"Knappe F","year":"2019","unstructured":"Knappe F, Colledge F, Gerber M. Impact of an 8-week exercise and sport intervention on post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, mental health, and physical fitness among male refugees living in a Greek refugee camp. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(20):3904. doi:10.3390\/ijerph16203904"},{"issue":"5","key":"r46","series-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181c0ea8c","article-title":"Fitness and exercise as correlates of sleep complaints: is it all in our minds?","volume":"42","author":"Gerber M","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gerber M, Brand S, Holsboer-Trachsler E, P\u00fchse U. Fitness and exercise as correlates of sleep complaints: is it all in our minds? Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010;42(5):893\u2013901. doi:10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181c0ea8c"},{"issue":"5","key":"r47","series-title":"J Occup Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.13-0030-OA","article-title":"Perceived fitness protects against stress-based mental health impairments among police officers who report good sleep","volume":"55","author":"Gerber M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gerber M, Kellmann M, Elliot C, et\u00a0al. Perceived fitness protects against stress-based mental health impairments among police officers who report good sleep. J Occup Health. 2013;55(5):376\u2013384. doi:10.1539\/joh.13-0030-OA"},{"issue":"1","key":"r48","series-title":"Int J Stress Manag","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021906202898","article-title":"The contribution of perceived fitness to physiological and self-reported responses to laboratory stress","volume":"6","author":"Plante TG","year":"1999","unstructured":"Plante TG, Chizmar L, Owen D. The contribution of perceived fitness to physiological and self-reported responses to laboratory stress. Int J Stress Manag. 1999;6(1):5\u201319. doi:10.1023\/A:1021906202898"},{"issue":"1","key":"r49","series-title":"J Appl Biobehav Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-9861.2000.tb00064.x","article-title":"Perceived fitness predicts daily coping better than physical activity","volume":"5","author":"Plante TG","year":"2000","unstructured":"Plante TG, LeCaptain SE, McLain HC. Perceived fitness predicts daily coping better than physical activity. J Appl Biobehav Res. 2000;5(1):66\u201379. doi:10.1111\/j.1751-9861.2000.tb00064.x"},{"key":"r50","series-title":"J Sci Med Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2014.11.161","article-title":"Physical activity interventions for people with mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Rosenbaum S","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rosenbaum S, Tiedemann A, Sherrington C, Curtis J, Ward PB. Physical activity interventions for people with mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport. 2014;18:e150. doi:10.1016\/j.jsams.2014.11.161"},{"issue":"1","key":"r51","series-title":"Trials","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05808-2","article-title":"Effects of an exercise and sport intervention among refugees living in a Greek refugee camp on mental health, physical fitness and cardiovascular risk markers: study protocol for the SALEEM pragmatic randomized controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Gerber M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gerber M, Colledge F, de Quervain D, et\u00a0al. Effects of an exercise and sport intervention among refugees living in a Greek refugee camp on mental health, physical fitness and cardiovascular risk markers: study protocol for the SALEEM pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2021;22(1):827. doi:10.1186\/s13063-021-05808-2"},{"key":"r52","series-title":"World Population Ageing 2013","year":"2014","unstructured":"United Nations. World Population Ageing 2013. United Nations; 2014."},{"key":"r53","series-title":"Assessing Psychological Trauma and PTSD: A Practitioner\u2019s Handbook","first-page":"399","article-title":"The impact of event scale\u2014revised","author":"Weiss D","year":"1997","unstructured":"Weiss D, Marmar C. The impact of event scale\u2014revised. In: Wilson J, Keane T, eds. Assessing Psychological Trauma and PTSD: A Practitioner\u2019s Handbook. Guilford; 1997:399\u2013411."},{"issue":"3","key":"r54","series-title":"Clin Psychol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/cp.12043","article-title":"Development of the Arabic versions of the impact of events scale\u2010revised and the posttraumatic growth inventory to assess trauma and growth in Middle Eastern refugees in Australia","volume":"19","author":"Davey C","year":"2015","unstructured":"Davey C, Heard R, Lennings C. Development of the Arabic versions of the impact of events scale\u2010revised and the posttraumatic growth inventory to assess trauma and growth in Middle Eastern refugees in Australia. Clin Psychol. 2015;19(3):131\u2013139. doi:10.1111\/cp.12043"},{"issue":"4","key":"r55","series-title":"Issues Ment Health Nurs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.3109\/01612840.2014.983622","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress symptoms among Iranian parents of children during cancer treatment","volume":"36","author":"Iranmanesh S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Iranmanesh S, Shamsi A, Dehghan M. Post-traumatic stress symptoms among Iranian parents of children during cancer treatment. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2015;36(4):279\u2013285. doi:10.3109\/01612840.2014.983622"},{"issue":"1","key":"r56","series-title":"Can J Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370304800111","article-title":"Validation of a french version of the impact of event scale-revised","volume":"48","author":"Brunet A","year":"2003","unstructured":"Brunet A, St-Hilaire A, Jehel L, King S. Validation of a french version of the impact of event scale-revised. Can J Psychiatry. 2003;48(1):56\u201361. doi:10.1177\/070674370304800111"},{"issue":"12","key":"r57","series-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083916","article-title":"Diagnostic utility of the impact of event scale\u2013revised in two samples of survivors of war","volume":"8","author":"Morina N","year":"2013","unstructured":"Morina N, Ehring T, Priebe S. Diagnostic utility of the impact of event scale\u2013revised in two samples of survivors of war. PLoS One. 2013;8(12):e83916. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0083916"},{"issue":"9","key":"r58","series-title":"J Gen Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke K","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001;16(9):606\u2013613. doi:10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"r59","series-title":"Ann Gen Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12991-017-0155-1","article-title":"An Arabic translation, reliability, and validation of patient health questionnaire in a Saudi sample","volume":"16","author":"AlHadi AN","year":"2017","unstructured":"AlHadi AN, AlAteeq DA, Al-Sharif E, et\u00a0al. An Arabic translation, reliability, and validation of patient health questionnaire in a Saudi sample. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2017;16(1):32. doi:10.1186\/s12991-017-0155-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"r60","series-title":"Trends Psychiatry Psychother","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1590\/2237-6089-2017-0116","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Farsi version of the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) with Iranian psychiatric outpatients","volume":"40","author":"Dadfar M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dadfar M, Kalibatseva Z, Lester D. Reliability and validity of the Farsi version of the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) with Iranian psychiatric outpatients. Trends Psychiatry Psychother. 2018;40(2):144\u2013151. doi:10.1590\/2237-6089-2017-0116"},{"issue":"12","key":"r61","series-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052028","article-title":"Are scores on English and French versions of the PHQ-9 comparable? An assessment of differential item functioning","volume":"7","author":"Arthurs E","year":"2012","unstructured":"Arthurs E, Steele RJ, Hudson M, Baron M, Thombs BD, Canadian Scleroderma Research Group (CSRG). Are scores on English and French versions of the PHQ-9 comparable? An assessment of differential item functioning. PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e52028. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0052028"},{"issue":"1","key":"r62","series-title":"BMC Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-015-0539-1","article-title":"Prevalence of depression and associated factors among Somali refugee at Melkadida camp, Southeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Feyera F","year":"2015","unstructured":"Feyera F, Mihretie G, Bedaso A, Gedle D, Kumera G. Prevalence of depression and associated factors among Somali refugee at Melkadida camp, Southeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry. 2015;15(1):171. doi:10.1186\/s12888-015-0539-1"},{"issue":"10","key":"r63","series-title":"Arch Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer RL","year":"2006","unstructured":"Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JBW, L\u00f6we B. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(10):1092. doi:10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092"},{"key":"r64","series-title":"Psychiatry Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.03.030","article-title":"Adaptation and initial validation of the patient health questionnaire \u2013 9 (PHQ-9) and the generalized anxiety disorder \u2013 7 questionnaire (GAD-7) in an Arabic speaking Lebanese psychiatric outpatient sample","volume":"239","author":"Sawaya H","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sawaya H, Atoui M, Hamadeh A, Zeinoun P, Nahas Z. Adaptation and initial validation of the patient health questionnaire \u2013 9 (PHQ-9) and the generalized anxiety disorder \u2013 7 questionnaire (GAD-7) in an Arabic speaking Lebanese psychiatric outpatient sample. Psychiatry Res. 2016;239:245\u2013252. doi:10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.03.030"},{"issue":"4","key":"r65","series-title":"Middle East Fertil Soc J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mefs.2018.01.013","article-title":"Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) in people with infertility: a reliability and validity study","volume":"23","author":"Omani-Samani R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Omani-Samani R, Maroufizadeh S, Ghaheri A, Navid B. Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) in people with infertility: a reliability and validity study. Middle East Fertil Soc J. 2018;23(4):446\u2013449. doi:10.1016\/j.mefs.2018.01.013"},{"key":"r66","series-title":"Epilepsy Behav","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2016.02.015","article-title":"Rapid detection of generalized anxiety disorder and major depression in epilepsy: validation of the GAD-7 as a complementary tool to the NDDI-E in a French sample","volume":"57","author":"Micoulaud-Franchi JA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Micoulaud-Franchi JA, Lagarde S, Barkate G, et\u00a0al. Rapid detection of generalized anxiety disorder and major depression in epilepsy: validation of the GAD-7 as a complementary tool to the NDDI-E in a French sample. Epilepsy Behav. 2016;57:211\u2013216. doi:10.1016\/j.yebeh.2016.02.015"},{"key":"r67","series-title":"Front Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00393","article-title":"Prevalence of mental distress among Syrian refugees with residence permission in Germany: a registry-based study","volume":"9","author":"Georgiadou E","year":"2018","unstructured":"Georgiadou E, Zbidat A, Schmitt GM, Erim Y. Prevalence of mental distress among Syrian refugees with residence permission in Germany: a registry-based study. Front Psychiatry. 2018;9:393. doi:10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00393"},{"key":"r68","series-title":"Wellbeing Measures in Primary Health Care\/The Depcare Project: Report on a Who Meeting: Stockholm, Sweden, 12\u201313 February 1998","year":"1998","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. Wellbeing Measures in Primary Health Care\/The Depcare Project: Report on a Who Meeting: Stockholm, Sweden, 12\u201313 February 1998. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe; 1998. Accessed June 26, 2023. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/349766"},{"issue":"1","key":"r69","series-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2079","article-title":"Validation of the Arabic version of the 5-item WHO well being index in elderly population","volume":"24","author":"Sibai AM","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sibai AM, Chaaya M, Tohme RA, Mahfoud Z, Al-Amin H. Validation of the Arabic version of the 5-item WHO well being index in elderly population. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009;24(1):106\u2013107. doi:10.1002\/gps.2079"},{"issue":"2","key":"r70","series-title":"Trends Psychiatry Psychother","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1590\/2237-6089-2017-0044","article-title":"Reliability, validity, and factorial structure of the world health organization-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5) in Iranian psychiatric outpatients","volume":"40","author":"Dadfar M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dadfar M, Momeni Safarabad N, Asgharnejad Farid AA, Nemati Shirzy M, Ghazie pour Abarghouie F. Reliability, validity, and factorial structure of the world health organization-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5) in Iranian psychiatric outpatients. Trends Psychiatry Psychother. 2018;40(2):79\u201384. doi:10.1590\/2237-6089-2017-0044"},{"issue":"6","key":"r71","series-title":"Diabetes Metab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2012.06.002","article-title":"WHO-5, a tool focusing on psychological needs in patients with diabetes: the French contribution to the DAWN study","volume":"38","author":"Hochberg G","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hochberg G, Pucheu S, Kleinebreil L, Halimi S, Fructuoso-Voisin C. WHO-5, a tool focusing on psychological needs in patients with diabetes: the French contribution to the DAWN study. Diabetes Metab. 2012;38(6):515\u2013522. doi:10.1016\/j.diabet.2012.06.002"},{"key":"r72","series-title":"Front Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.717353","article-title":"Post-migration stressors and subjective well-being in adult Syrian refugees resettled in Sweden: a gender perspective","volume":"9","author":"Alexander N","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alexander N, Mathilde S, \u00d8ivind S. Post-migration stressors and subjective well-being in adult Syrian refugees resettled in Sweden: a gender perspective. Front Public Health. 2021;9:717353. doi:10.3389\/fpubh.2021.717353"},{"issue":"3","key":"r73","series-title":"Int J Stress Manag","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022936930992","article-title":"The influence of perceived versus aerobic fitness on psychological health and physiological stress responsivity","volume":"5","author":"Plante TG","year":"1998","unstructured":"Plante TG, Lantis A, Checa G. The influence of perceived versus aerobic fitness on psychological health and physiological stress responsivity. Int J Stress Manag. 1998;5(3):141\u2013156. doi:10.1023\/A:1022936930992"},{"issue":"8","key":"r74","series-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB","article-title":"International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity","volume":"35","author":"Craig CL","year":"2003","unstructured":"Craig CL, Marshall AL, et\u00a0al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(8):1381\u20131395. doi:10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB"},{"issue":"06","key":"r75","series-title":"Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.4236\/health.2020.126045","article-title":"Weekly physical activity from IPAQ (Arabic) recalls and from IDEEA activity meters","volume":"12","author":"Garashi NHJ","year":"2020","unstructured":"Garashi NHJ, Kandari JRA, Ainsworth BE, Barac-Nieto M. Weekly physical activity from IPAQ (Arabic) recalls and from IDEEA activity meters. Health. 2020;12(06):598\u2013611. doi:10.4236\/health.2020.126045"},{"issue":"8","key":"r76","series-title":"World Appl Sci J","first-page":"1073","article-title":"The Iranian version of international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) in Iran: content and construct validity, factor structure, internal consistency and stability","volume":"18","author":"Moghaddam MHB","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moghaddam MHB, Aghdam FB, Jafarabadi MA, Allahverdipour H, Nikookheslat SD, Safarpour S. The Iranian version of international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) in Iran: content and construct validity, factor structure, internal consistency and stability. World Appl Sci J. 2012;18(8):1073\u20131080."},{"issue":"4","key":"r77","series-title":"Public Health Nutr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2002449","article-title":"Physical activity monitoring in Europe. The European Physical Activity Surveillance System (EUPASS) approach and indicator testing","volume":"6","author":"R\u00fctten A","year":"2003","unstructured":"R\u00fctten A, Vuillemin A, Ooijendijk W, et\u00a0al. Physical activity monitoring in Europe. The European Physical Activity Surveillance System (EUPASS) approach and indicator testing. Public Health Nutr. 2003;6(4):377\u2013384. doi:10.1079\/PHN2002449"},{"issue":"1","key":"r78","series-title":"BMC Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-10217-w","article-title":"Insufficient physical activity level among Sahrawi adults living in a protracted refugee setting","volume":"21","author":"Andersen E","year":"2021","unstructured":"Andersen E, Kjells\u00e5 I, Hjellset VT, Henjum S. Insufficient physical activity level among Sahrawi adults living in a protracted refugee setting. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):166. doi:10.1186\/s12889-021-10217-w"},{"key":"r79","series-title":"J Psychosom Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.109914","article-title":"Asylum-seekers\u2019 psychosocial situation: a diathesis for post-migratory stress and mental health disorders?","volume":"130","author":"Solberg \u00d8","year":"2020","unstructured":"Solberg \u00d8, Vaez M, Johnson-Singh CM, Saboonchi F. Asylum-seekers\u2019 psychosocial situation: a diathesis for post-migratory stress and mental health disorders? J Psychosom Res. 2020;130:109914. doi:10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.109914"},{"issue":"1","key":"r80","series-title":"BMC Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5822-x","article-title":"Major depressive disorder prevalence and risk factors among Syrian asylum seekers in Greece","volume":"18","author":"Poole DN","year":"2018","unstructured":"Poole DN, Hedt-Gauthier B, Liao S, Raymond NA, B\u00e4rnighausen T. Major depressive disorder prevalence and risk factors among Syrian asylum seekers in Greece. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):908. doi:10.1186\/s12889-018-5822-x"},{"issue":"1","key":"r81","series-title":"BMC Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-018-1028-4","article-title":"Syrian refugees in Greece: experience with violence, mental health status, and access to information during the journey and while in Greece","volume":"16","author":"Ben Farhat J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ben Farhat J, Blanchet K, Juul Bjertrup P, et\u00a0al. Syrian refugees in Greece: experience with violence, mental health status, and access to information during the journey and while in Greece. BMC Med. 2018;16(1):40. doi:10.1186\/s12916-018-1028-4"},{"issue":"5","key":"r82","series-title":"J Immigr Minor Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-012-9586-6","article-title":"Effect of a physical activity intervention on the metabolic syndrome in Pakistani immigrant men: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"Andersen E","year":"2012","unstructured":"Andersen E, H\u00f8stmark AT, Anderssen SA. Effect of a physical activity intervention on the metabolic syndrome in Pakistani immigrant men: a randomized controlled trial. J Immigr Minor Health. 2012;14(5):738\u2013746. doi:10.1007\/s10903-012-9586-6"},{"issue":"3","key":"r83","series-title":"World Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20458","article-title":"Sedentary behavior and physical activity levels in people with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: a global systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Vancampfort D","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vancampfort D, Firth J, Schuch FB, et\u00a0al. Sedentary behavior and physical activity levels in people with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: a global systematic review and meta-analysis. World Psychiatry. 2017;16(3):308\u2013315. doi:10.1002\/wps.20458"},{"issue":"1","key":"r84","series-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-8-115","article-title":"Validity of the international physical activity questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF): a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Lee PH","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lee PH, Macfarlane DJ, Lam T, Stewart SM. Validity of the international physical activity questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF): a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011;8(1):115. doi:10.1186\/1479-5868-8-115"},{"key":"r85","series-title":"J Migr Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmh.2022.100144","article-title":"Diagnostic test accuracy of screening tools for post-traumatic stress disorder among refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Magwood O","year":"2023","unstructured":"Magwood O, Bellai-Dussault K, Fox G, et\u00a0al. Diagnostic test accuracy of screening tools for post-traumatic stress disorder among refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Migr Health. 2023;7:100144. doi:10.1016\/j.jmh.2022.100144"},{"issue":"1","key":"r86","series-title":"BMC Fam Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-016-0545-5","article-title":"The differential diagnosis of tiredness: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Stadje R","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stadje R, Dornieden K, Baum E, et\u00a0al. The differential diagnosis of tiredness: a systematic review. BMC Fam Pract. 2016;17(1):147. doi:10.1186\/s12875-016-0545-5"},{"issue":"1","key":"r87","series-title":"Depress Anxiety","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22842","article-title":"Aerobic exercise for adult patients with major depressive disorder in mental health services: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Morres ID","year":"2019","unstructured":"Morres ID, Hatzigeorgiadis A, Stathi A, et\u00a0al. Aerobic exercise for adult patients with major depressive disorder in mental health services: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Depress Anxiety. 2019;36(1):39\u201353. doi:10.1002\/da.22842"},{"issue":"4","key":"r88","series-title":"J Sci Med Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2008.06.009","article-title":"Specific associations between types of physical activity and components of mental health","volume":"12","author":"Asztalos M","year":"2009","unstructured":"Asztalos M, Wijndaele K, De Bourdeaudhuij I, et\u00a0al. Specific associations between types of physical activity and components of mental health. J Sci Med Sport. 2009;12(4):468\u2013474. doi:10.1016\/j.jsams.2008.06.009"},{"issue":"18","key":"r89","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-106195","article-title":"Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for improving depression, anxiety and distress: an overview of systematic reviews","volume":"57","author":"Singh B","year":"2023","unstructured":"Singh B, Olds T, Curtis R, et\u00a0al. Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for improving depression, anxiety and distress: an overview of systematic reviews. Br J Sports Med. 2023;57(18):1203\u20131209. doi:10.1136\/bjsports-2022-106195"},{"issue":"1","key":"r90","series-title":"J Sport Exerc Psychol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.16.1.29","article-title":"Exercise and self-esteem: validity of model expansion and exercise associations","volume":"16","author":"Sonstroem RJ","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sonstroem RJ, Harlow LL, Josephs L. Exercise and self-esteem: validity of model expansion and exercise associations. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 1994;16(1):29\u201342. doi:10.1123\/jsep.16.1.29"},{"issue":"4","key":"r91","series-title":"Brain Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci3010039","article-title":"Exercise benefits brain function: the monoamine connection","volume":"3","author":"Lin TW","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lin TW, Kuo YM. Exercise benefits brain function: the monoamine connection. Brain Sci. 2013;3(4):39\u201353. doi:10.3390\/brainsci3010039"},{"key":"r92","series-title":"Maturitas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2017.09.003","article-title":"Exercise and mental health","volume":"106","author":"Mikkelsen K","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mikkelsen K, Stojanovska L, Polenakovic M, Bosevski M, Apostolopoulos V. Exercise and mental health. Maturitas. 2017;106:48\u201356. doi:10.1016\/j.maturitas.2017.09.003"},{"issue":"1","key":"r93","series-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2019.1699327","article-title":"Trauma-afflicted refugees\u2019 experiences of participating in physical activity and exercise treatment: a qualitative study based on focus group discussions","volume":"10","author":"Nilsson H","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nilsson H, Saboonchi F, Gustavsson C, Malm A, Gottvall M. Trauma-afflicted refugees\u2019 experiences of participating in physical activity and exercise treatment: a qualitative study based on focus group discussions. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2019;10(1):1699327. doi:10.1080\/20008198.2019.1699327"},{"key":"r94","article-title":"The 10-Point Plan in Action","year":"2016","unstructured":"UNHCR. The 10-Point Plan in Action. UNHCR. 2016. https:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/us\/what-we-do\/safeguard-human-rights\/asylum-and-migration\/10-point-plan-action"},{"key":"r1","article-title":"UNHCR: Global displacement hits another record, capping decade-long rising trend","year":"2022","unstructured":"United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. UNHCR: Global displacement hits another record, capping decade-long rising trend. Published June 16, 2022. Accessed April 19, 2023. https:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/news\/news-releases\/unhcr-global-displacement-hits-another-record-capping-decade-long-rising-trend"},{"key":"r2","article-title":"Regular procedure. Asylum Information Database | European Council on Refugees and Exiles","year":"2022","unstructured":"Greek Council for Refugees. Regular procedure. Asylum Information Database | European Council on Refugees and Exiles. Published May 30, 2022. Accessed June 2, 2023. https:\/\/asylumineurope.org\/reports\/country\/greece\/asylum-procedure\/procedures\/regular-procedure\/"},{"key":"r3","article-title":"UNHCR Greece factsheet\u2014September 2022. UNHCR Operational Data Portal (ODP)","year":"2022","unstructured":"United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. UNHCR Greece factsheet\u2014September 2022. UNHCR Operational Data Portal (ODP). Published September 2022. Accessed April 19, 2023. https:\/\/data.unhcr.org\/en\/documents\/details\/96404"},{"issue":"7","key":"r4","series-title":"Soc Psychiatry Epidemiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-008-0333-1","article-title":"The impact of a long asylum procedure on quality of life, disability and physical health in Iraqi asylum seekers in the Netherlands","volume":"43","author":"Laban CJ","year":"2008","unstructured":"Laban CJ, Komproe IH, Gernaat HBPE, de Jong JTVM. The impact of a long asylum procedure on quality of life, disability and physical health in Iraqi asylum seekers in the Netherlands. Soc Psychiatry Epidemiol. 2008;43(7):507\u2013515. doi:10.1007\/s00127-008-0333-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"r5","series-title":"J Int Migr Integr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s12134-014-0340-x","article-title":"The healthy immigrant effect: patterns and evidence from four countries","volume":"16","author":"Kennedy S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kennedy S, Kidd MP, McDonald JT, Biddle N. The healthy immigrant effect: patterns and evidence from four countries. J Int Migr Integr. 2015;16(2):317\u2013332. doi:10.1007\/s12134-014-0340-x"},{"issue":"8","key":"r6","series-title":"Soc Sci Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2004.02.004","article-title":"Insights into the \u2018healthy immigrant effect\u2019: health status and health service use of immigrants to Canada","volume":"59","author":"McDonald JT","year":"2004","unstructured":"McDonald JT, Kennedy S. Insights into the \u2018healthy immigrant effect\u2019: health status and health service use of immigrants to Canada. Soc Sci Med. 2004;59(8):1613\u20131627. doi:10.1016\/j.socscimed.2004.02.004"},{"issue":"5","key":"r7","series-title":"PLoS Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001034","article-title":"Migration and health: a framework for 21st century policy-making","volume":"8","author":"Zimmerman C","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zimmerman C, Kiss L, Hossain M. Migration and health: a framework for 21st century policy-making. PLoS Med. 2011;8(5):e1001034. doi:10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001034"},{"issue":"9467","key":"r8","series-title":"Lancet,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)61027-6","article-title":"Prevalence of serious mental disorder in 7000 refugees resettled in western countries: a systematic review","volume":"365","author":"Fazel M","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fazel M, Wheeler J, Danesh J. (2005). Prevalence of serious mental disorder in 7000 refugees resettled in western countries: a systematic review. Lancet, 365(9467), 1309\u20131314. doi:10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)61027-6"},{"issue":"2","key":"r9","series-title":"Soc Sci Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.04.032","article-title":"Depression and anxiety in labor migrants and refugees\u2014A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"69","author":"Lindert J","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lindert J, Ehrenstein OS von, Priebe S, Mielck A, Br\u00e4hler E. Depression and anxiety in labor migrants and refugees\u2014A systematic review and meta-analysis. Soc Sci Med. 2009;69(2):246\u2013257. doi:10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.04.032"},{"issue":"7","key":"r10","series-title":"Med J Aust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00610.x","article-title":"A comparison of the mental health of refugees with temporary versus permanent protection visas","volume":"185","author":"Momartin S","year":"2006","unstructured":"Momartin S, Steel Z, Coello M, Aroche J, Silove DM, Brooks R. A comparison of the mental health of refugees with temporary versus permanent protection visas. Med J Aust. 2006;185(7):357\u2013361. doi:10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00610.x"},{"key":"r11","series-title":"World Report on the Health of Refugees and Migrants","year":"2022","unstructured":"World Health Organization. World Report on the Health of Refugees and Migrants. World Health Organization; 2022. Accessed November 10, 2022. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/360404"},{"issue":"1","key":"r12","series-title":"Soc Psychiatry Epidemiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-005-0003-5","article-title":"Physical and mental health of Afghan, Iranian and Somali asylum seekers and refugees living in the Netherlands","volume":"41","author":"Gerritsen AAM","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gerritsen AAM, Bramsen I, Devill\u00e9 W, van Willigen LHM, Hovens JE, van der Ploeg HM. Physical and mental health of Afghan, Iranian and Somali asylum seekers and refugees living in the Netherlands. Soc Psychiatry Epidemiol. 2006;41(1):18\u201326. doi:10.1007\/s00127-005-0003-5"},{"issue":"4","key":"r13","series-title":"BJPsych Open","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2020.54","article-title":"Anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in refugees resettling in high-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Henkelmann JR","year":"2020","unstructured":"Henkelmann JR, de Best S, Deckers C, et\u00a0al. Anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in refugees resettling in high-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. BJPsych Open. 2020;6(4):e68. doi:10.1192\/bjo.2020.54"},{"issue":"9","key":"r14","series-title":"PLoS Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003337","article-title":"The prevalence of mental illness in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Blackmore R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Blackmore R, Boyle JA, Fazel M, et\u00a0al. The prevalence of mental illness in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2020;17(9):e1003337. doi:10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003337"},{"issue":"1","key":"r15","series-title":"BMC Int Health Hum Rights","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12914-015-0064-9","article-title":"Long-term mental health of war-refugees: a systematic literature review","volume":"15","author":"Bogic M","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bogic M, Njoku A, Priebe S. Long-term mental health of war-refugees: a systematic literature review. BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2015;15(1):29. doi:10.1186\/s12914-015-0064-9"},{"issue":"5","key":"r16","series-title":"JAMA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.5.602","article-title":"Predisplacement and postdisplacement factors associated with mental health of refugees and internally displaced persons: a meta-analysis","volume":"294","author":"Porter M","year":"2005","unstructured":"Porter M, Haslam N. Predisplacement and postdisplacement factors associated with mental health of refugees and internally displaced persons: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2005;294(5):602. doi:10.1001\/jama.294.5.602"},{"issue":"5","key":"r17","series-title":"JAMA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1132","article-title":"Association of torture and other potentially traumatic events with mental health outcomes among populations exposed to mass conflict and displacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"302","author":"Steel Z","year":"2009","unstructured":"Steel Z, Chey T, Silove D, Marnane C, Bryant RA, van Ommeren M. Association of torture and other potentially traumatic events with mental health outcomes among populations exposed to mass conflict and displacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2009;302(5):537. doi:10.1001\/jama.2009.1132"},{"key":"r18","series-title":"J Clin Psychiatry","first-page":"22","article-title":"Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"61","author":"Brady K","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brady K, Killeen T, Brewerton T, Lucerini S. Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000;61:22\u201332."},{"issue":"2","key":"r19","series-title":"Health Psychol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1037\/a0025989","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder is associated with poor health behaviors: findings from the heart and soul study","volume":"31","author":"Zen AL","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zen AL, Whooley MA, Zhao S, Cohen BE. Post-traumatic stress disorder is associated with poor health behaviors: findings from the heart and soul study. Health Psychol. 2012;31(2):194\u2013201. doi:10.1037\/a0025989"},{"issue":"2","key":"r20","series-title":"Am J Drug and Alcohol Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990500479522","article-title":"Alcohol use, mental health status and psychological well-being 2\u00a0years after the world trade center attacks in New York City","volume":"32","author":"Adams RE","year":"2006","unstructured":"Adams RE, Boscarino JA, Galea S. Alcohol use, mental health status and psychological well-being 2\u00a0years after the world trade center attacks in New York City. Am J Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 2006;32(2):203\u2013224. doi:10.1080\/00952990500479522"},{"issue":"2","key":"r21","series-title":"Psychiatry Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.10.017","article-title":"Physical activity in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"230","author":"Rosenbaum S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rosenbaum S, Vancampfort D, Steel Z, Newby J, Ward PB, Stubbs B. Physical activity in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res. 2015;230(2):130\u2013136. doi:10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.10.017"},{"issue":"1","key":"r22","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010849","article-title":"Evaluation of nutritional status with healthy eating index (HEI-2010) of Syrian refugees living outside the refugee camps","volume":"20","author":"Atayoglu AT","year":"2023","unstructured":"Atayoglu AT, Firat Y, Kaya N, et\u00a0al. Evaluation of nutritional status with healthy eating index (HEI-2010) of Syrian refugees living outside the refugee camps. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(1):849. doi:10.3390\/ijerph20010849"},{"issue":"5","key":"r23","series-title":"Prev Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2012.01.001","article-title":"PTSD is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease: time for increased screening and clinical intervention","volume":"54","author":"Boscarino JA","year":"2012","unstructured":"Boscarino JA. PTSD is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease: time for increased screening and clinical intervention. Prev Med. 2012;54(5):363\u2013364. doi:10.1016\/j.ypmed.2012.01.001"},{"issue":"1","key":"r24","series-title":"BMC Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-7-1","article-title":"The association of posttraumatic stress disorder and metabolic syndrome: a study of increased health risk in veterans","volume":"7","author":"Heppner PS","year":"2009","unstructured":"Heppner PS, Crawford EF, Haji UA, et\u00a0al. The association of posttraumatic stress disorder and metabolic syndrome: a study of increased health risk in veterans. BMC Med. 2009;7(1):1. doi:10.1186\/1741-7015-7-1"},{"issue":"7","key":"r25","series-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131483","article-title":"Effect of restricting access to health care on health expenditures among asylum-seekers and refugees: a quasi-experimental study in Germany, 1994\u20132013","volume":"10","author":"Bozorgmehr K","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bozorgmehr K, Razum O. Effect of restricting access to health care on health expenditures among asylum-seekers and refugees: a quasi-experimental study in Germany, 1994\u20132013. PLoS One. 2015;10(7):e0131483. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0131483"},{"issue":"2","key":"r26","series-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e3182043b39","article-title":"Mental health service use after the world trade center disaster: utilization trends and comparative effectiveness","volume":"199","author":"Boscarino JA","year":"2011","unstructured":"Boscarino JA, Adams RE, Figley CR. Mental health service use after the world trade center disaster: utilization trends and comparative effectiveness. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2011;199(2):91\u201399. doi:10.1097\/NMD.0b013e3182043b39"},{"issue":"6","key":"r27","series-title":"CMAJ","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.051351","article-title":"Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence","volume":"174","author":"Warburton DER","year":"2006","unstructured":"Warburton DER. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence. CMAJ. 2006;174(6):801\u2013809. doi:10.1503\/cmaj.051351"},{"key":"r28","series-title":"Global Status Report on Physical Activity 2022","year":"2022","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global Status Report on Physical Activity 2022. World Health Organization; 2022. Accessed December 1, 2022. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/363607"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"r29","series-title":"Mil Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1103","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usab497","article-title":"Physical exercise as treatment for PTSD: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"187","author":"Bj\u00f6rkman F","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rkman F, Ekblom \u00d6. Physical exercise as treatment for PTSD: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mil Med. 2022;187(9\u201310):e1103\u2013e1113. doi:10.1093\/milmed\/usab497"},{"issue":"3","key":"r30","series-title":"Health Psychol Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1080\/17437199.2015.1022901","article-title":"A meta-meta-analysis of the effect of physical activity on depression and anxiety in non-clinical adult populations","volume":"9","author":"Rebar AL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rebar AL, Stanton R, Geard D, Short C, Duncan MJ, Vandelanotte C. A meta-meta-analysis of the effect of physical activity on depression and anxiety in non-clinical adult populations. Health Psychol Rev. 2015;9(3):366\u2013378. doi:10.1080\/17437199.2015.1022901"},{"key":"r31","series-title":"J Psychiatr Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2016.02.023","article-title":"Exercise as a treatment for depression: a meta-analysis adjusting for publication bias","volume":"77","author":"Schuch FB","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schuch FB, Vancampfort D, Richards J, Rosenbaum S, Ward PB, Stubbs B. Exercise as a treatment for depression: a meta-analysis adjusting for publication bias. J Psychiatr Res. 2016;77:42\u201351. doi:10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2016.02.023"},{"issue":"4","key":"r32","series-title":"J Sport Exerc Psychol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.20.4.339","article-title":"The effect of exercise on clinical depression and depression resulting from mental illness: a meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Craft LL","year":"1998","unstructured":"Craft LL, Landers DM. The effect of exercise on clinical depression and depression resulting from mental illness: a meta-analysis. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 1998;20(4):339\u2013357. doi:10.1123\/jsep.20.4.339"},{"key":"r33","series-title":"Eur Psychiatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2018.07.004","article-title":"EPA guidance on physical activity as a treatment for severe mental illness: a meta-review of the evidence and position statement from the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), supported by the international organization of physical therapists in mental health (IOPTMH)","volume":"54","author":"Stubbs B","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stubbs B, Vancampfort D, Hallgren M, et\u00a0al. EPA guidance on physical activity as a treatment for severe mental illness: a meta-review of the evidence and position statement from the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), supported by the international organization of physical therapists in mental health (IOPTMH). Eur Psychiatr. 2018;54:124\u2013144. doi:10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2018.07.004"},{"issue":"2","key":"r34","series-title":"J Sci Med Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2023.01.001","article-title":"Optimising the effects of physical activity on mental health and wellbeing: a joint consensus statement from sports medicine Australia and the Australian Psychological Society","volume":"26","author":"Vella SA","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vella SA, Aidman E, Teychenne M, et\u00a0al. Optimising the effects of physical activity on mental health and wellbeing: a joint consensus statement from sports medicine Australia and the Australian Psychological Society. J Sci Med Sport. 2023;26(2):132\u2013139. doi:10.1016\/j.jsams.2023.01.001"},{"issue":"5","key":"r35","series-title":"Am J Prev Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2016.12.008","article-title":"Domain-specific physical activity and mental health: a meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"White RL","year":"2017","unstructured":"White RL, Babic MJ, Parker PD, Lubans DR, Astell-Burt T, Lonsdale C. Domain-specific physical activity and mental health: a meta-analysis. Am J Prev Med. 2017;52(5):653\u2013666. doi:10.1016\/j.amepre.2016.12.008"},{"issue":"3","key":"r36","series-title":"Pediatrics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-1642","article-title":"Physical activity for cognitive and mental health in youth: a systematic review of mechanisms","volume":"138","author":"Lubans D","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lubans D, Richards J, Hillman C, et\u00a0al. Physical activity for cognitive and mental health in youth: a systematic review of mechanisms. Pediatrics. 2016;138(3):e20161642. doi:10.1542\/peds.2016-1642"},{"key":"r37","series-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2021.101901","article-title":"Efficacy of physical activity interventions on psychological outcomes in refugee, asylum seeker and migrant populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"54","author":"Purgato M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Purgato M, Richards J, Prina E, et\u00a0al. Efficacy of physical activity interventions on psychological outcomes in refugee, asylum seeker and migrant populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2021;54:101901. doi:10.1016\/j.psychsport.2021.101901"},{"issue":"2","key":"r38","series-title":"J Immigr Minor Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-011-9469-2","article-title":"Determinants of physical activity among Somali women living in Maine","volume":"14","author":"Devlin JT","year":"2012","unstructured":"Devlin JT, Dhalac D, Suldan AA, Jacobs A, Guled K, Bankole KA. Determinants of physical activity among Somali women living in Maine. J Immigr Minor Health. 2012;14(2):300\u2013306. doi:10.1007\/s10903-011-9469-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"r39","series-title":"J Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s10389-011-0443-1","article-title":"Acculturation and physical activity among immigrants: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Gerber M","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gerber M, Barker D, P\u00fchse U. Acculturation and physical activity among immigrants: a systematic review. J Public Health. 2012;20(3):313\u2013341. doi:10.1007\/s10389-011-0443-1"},{"issue":"3","key":"r40","series-title":"J Immigr Minor Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-022-01445-2","article-title":"Modifiable risk factors for dementia among migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in Australia: a systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Hamrah MS","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hamrah MS, Bartlett L, Jang S, Roccati E, Vickers JC. Modifiable risk factors for dementia among migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in Australia: a systematic review. J Immigr Minor Health. 2023;25(3):692\u2013711. doi:10.1007\/s10903-022-01445-2"},{"key":"r41","series-title":"Health Risk Behaviors Among Arab Adults Within the State of Michigan","author":"Snyder R","year":"2013","unstructured":"Snyder R, Lyon N. Health Risk Behaviors Among Arab Adults Within the State of Michigan. Michigan Department of Health and Human Services; 2013. https:\/\/www.michigan.gov\/-\/media\/Project\/Websites\/mdhhs\/Folder1\/Folder35\/Health_Risk_Behavior_Full_Arab.pdf?rev=d611a3e5231d4fb29a13d83d90b248ae"},{"issue":"2","key":"r42","series-title":"Ethn Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/13557850120068405","article-title":"Immigration and leisure-time physical inactivity: a population-based study","volume":"6","author":"Lindstr\u00f6m M","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lindstr\u00f6m M, Sundquist J. Immigration and leisure-time physical inactivity: a population-based study. Ethn Health. 2001;6(2):77\u201385. doi:10.1080\/13557850120068405"},{"issue":"1","key":"r43","series-title":"J Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdm075","article-title":"Physical inactivity among a UK Somali population","volume":"30","author":"McEwen A","year":"2008","unstructured":"McEwen A, Straus L, Ussher M. Physical inactivity among a UK Somali population. J Public Health. 2008;30(1):110\u2013110. doi:10.1093\/pubmed\/fdm075"},{"issue":"1","key":"r44","series-title":"BMC Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03461-2","article-title":"Physical activity, post-traumatic stress disorder, and exposure to torture among asylum seekers in Sweden: a cross-sectional study","volume":"21","author":"Nilsson H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nilsson H, Gustavsson C, Gottvall M, Saboonchi F. Physical activity, post-traumatic stress disorder, and exposure to torture among asylum seekers in Sweden: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry. 2021;21(1):452. doi:10.1186\/s12888-021-03461-2"},{"issue":"20","key":"r45","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16203904","article-title":"Impact of an 8-week exercise and sport intervention on post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, mental health, and physical fitness among male refugees living in a Greek refugee camp","volume":"16","author":"Knappe F","year":"2019","unstructured":"Knappe F, Colledge F, Gerber M. Impact of an 8-week exercise and sport intervention on post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, mental health, and physical fitness among male refugees living in a Greek refugee camp. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(20):3904. doi:10.3390\/ijerph16203904"},{"issue":"5","key":"r46","series-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181c0ea8c","article-title":"Fitness and exercise as correlates of sleep complaints: is it all in our minds?","volume":"42","author":"Gerber M","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gerber M, Brand S, Holsboer-Trachsler E, P\u00fchse U. Fitness and exercise as correlates of sleep complaints: is it all in our minds? Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010;42(5):893\u2013901. doi:10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181c0ea8c"},{"issue":"5","key":"r47","series-title":"J Occup Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.13-0030-OA","article-title":"Perceived fitness protects against stress-based mental health impairments among police officers who report good sleep","volume":"55","author":"Gerber M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gerber M, Kellmann M, Elliot C, et\u00a0al. Perceived fitness protects against stress-based mental health impairments among police officers who report good sleep. J Occup Health. 2013;55(5):376\u2013384. doi:10.1539\/joh.13-0030-OA"},{"issue":"1","key":"r48","series-title":"Int J Stress Manag","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021906202898","article-title":"The contribution of perceived fitness to physiological and self-reported responses to laboratory stress","volume":"6","author":"Plante TG","year":"1999","unstructured":"Plante TG, Chizmar L, Owen D. The contribution of perceived fitness to physiological and self-reported responses to laboratory stress. Int J Stress Manag. 1999;6(1):5\u201319. doi:10.1023\/A:1021906202898"},{"issue":"1","key":"r49","series-title":"J Appl Biobehav Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-9861.2000.tb00064.x","article-title":"Perceived fitness predicts daily coping better than physical activity","volume":"5","author":"Plante TG","year":"2000","unstructured":"Plante TG, LeCaptain SE, McLain HC. Perceived fitness predicts daily coping better than physical activity. J Appl Biobehav Res. 2000;5(1):66\u201379. doi:10.1111\/j.1751-9861.2000.tb00064.x"},{"key":"r50","series-title":"J Sci Med Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2014.11.161","article-title":"Physical activity interventions for people with mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Rosenbaum S","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rosenbaum S, Tiedemann A, Sherrington C, Curtis J, Ward PB. Physical activity interventions for people with mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport. 2014;18:e150. doi:10.1016\/j.jsams.2014.11.161"},{"issue":"1","key":"r51","series-title":"Trials","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05808-2","article-title":"Effects of an exercise and sport intervention among refugees living in a Greek refugee camp on mental health, physical fitness and cardiovascular risk markers: study protocol for the SALEEM pragmatic randomized controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Gerber M","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gerber M, Colledge F, de Quervain D, et\u00a0al. Effects of an exercise and sport intervention among refugees living in a Greek refugee camp on mental health, physical fitness and cardiovascular risk markers: study protocol for the SALEEM pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2021;22(1):827. doi:10.1186\/s13063-021-05808-2"},{"key":"r52","series-title":"World Population Ageing 2013","year":"2014","unstructured":"United Nations. World Population Ageing 2013. United Nations; 2014."},{"key":"r53","series-title":"Assessing Psychological Trauma and PTSD: A Practitioner\u2019s Handbook","first-page":"399","article-title":"The impact of event scale\u2014revised","author":"Weiss D","year":"1997","unstructured":"Weiss D, Marmar C. The impact of event scale\u2014revised. In: Wilson J, Keane T, eds. Assessing Psychological Trauma and PTSD: A Practitioner\u2019s Handbook. Guilford; 1997:399\u2013411."},{"issue":"3","key":"r54","series-title":"Clin Psychol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/cp.12043","article-title":"Development of the Arabic versions of the impact of events scale\u2010revised and the posttraumatic growth inventory to assess trauma and growth in Middle Eastern refugees in Australia","volume":"19","author":"Davey C","year":"2015","unstructured":"Davey C, Heard R, Lennings C. Development of the Arabic versions of the impact of events scale\u2010revised and the posttraumatic growth inventory to assess trauma and growth in Middle Eastern refugees in Australia. Clin Psychol. 2015;19(3):131\u2013139. doi:10.1111\/cp.12043"},{"issue":"4","key":"r55","series-title":"Issues Ment Health Nurs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.3109\/01612840.2014.983622","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress symptoms among Iranian parents of children during cancer treatment","volume":"36","author":"Iranmanesh S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Iranmanesh S, Shamsi A, Dehghan M. Post-traumatic stress symptoms among Iranian parents of children during cancer treatment. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2015;36(4):279\u2013285. doi:10.3109\/01612840.2014.983622"},{"issue":"1","key":"r56","series-title":"Can J Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370304800111","article-title":"Validation of a french version of the impact of event scale-revised","volume":"48","author":"Brunet A","year":"2003","unstructured":"Brunet A, St-Hilaire A, Jehel L, King S. Validation of a french version of the impact of event scale-revised. Can J Psychiatry. 2003;48(1):56\u201361. doi:10.1177\/070674370304800111"},{"issue":"12","key":"r57","series-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083916","article-title":"Diagnostic utility of the impact of event scale\u2013revised in two samples of survivors of war","volume":"8","author":"Morina N","year":"2013","unstructured":"Morina N, Ehring T, Priebe S. Diagnostic utility of the impact of event scale\u2013revised in two samples of survivors of war. PLoS One. 2013;8(12):e83916. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0083916"},{"issue":"9","key":"r58","series-title":"J Gen Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke K","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001;16(9):606\u2013613. doi:10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"r59","series-title":"Ann Gen Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12991-017-0155-1","article-title":"An Arabic translation, reliability, and validation of patient health questionnaire in a Saudi sample","volume":"16","author":"AlHadi AN","year":"2017","unstructured":"AlHadi AN, AlAteeq DA, Al-Sharif E, et\u00a0al. An Arabic translation, reliability, and validation of patient health questionnaire in a Saudi sample. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2017;16(1):32. doi:10.1186\/s12991-017-0155-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"r60","series-title":"Trends Psychiatry Psychother","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1590\/2237-6089-2017-0116","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Farsi version of the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) with Iranian psychiatric outpatients","volume":"40","author":"Dadfar M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dadfar M, Kalibatseva Z, Lester D. Reliability and validity of the Farsi version of the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) with Iranian psychiatric outpatients. Trends Psychiatry Psychother. 2018;40(2):144\u2013151. doi:10.1590\/2237-6089-2017-0116"},{"issue":"12","key":"r61","series-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052028","article-title":"Are scores on English and French versions of the PHQ-9 comparable? An assessment of differential item functioning","volume":"7","author":"Arthurs E","year":"2012","unstructured":"Arthurs E, Steele RJ, Hudson M, Baron M, Thombs BD, Canadian Scleroderma Research Group (CSRG). Are scores on English and French versions of the PHQ-9 comparable? An assessment of differential item functioning. PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e52028. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0052028"},{"issue":"1","key":"r62","series-title":"BMC Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-015-0539-1","article-title":"Prevalence of depression and associated factors among Somali refugee at Melkadida camp, Southeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Feyera F","year":"2015","unstructured":"Feyera F, Mihretie G, Bedaso A, Gedle D, Kumera G. Prevalence of depression and associated factors among Somali refugee at Melkadida camp, Southeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry. 2015;15(1):171. doi:10.1186\/s12888-015-0539-1"},{"issue":"10","key":"r63","series-title":"Arch Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer RL","year":"2006","unstructured":"Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JBW, L\u00f6we B. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(10):1092. doi:10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092"},{"key":"r64","series-title":"Psychiatry Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.03.030","article-title":"Adaptation and initial validation of the patient health questionnaire \u2013 9 (PHQ-9) and the generalized anxiety disorder \u2013 7 questionnaire (GAD-7) in an Arabic speaking Lebanese psychiatric outpatient sample","volume":"239","author":"Sawaya H","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sawaya H, Atoui M, Hamadeh A, Zeinoun P, Nahas Z. Adaptation and initial validation of the patient health questionnaire \u2013 9 (PHQ-9) and the generalized anxiety disorder \u2013 7 questionnaire (GAD-7) in an Arabic speaking Lebanese psychiatric outpatient sample. Psychiatry Res. 2016;239:245\u2013252. doi:10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.03.030"},{"issue":"4","key":"r65","series-title":"Middle East Fertil Soc J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mefs.2018.01.013","article-title":"Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) in people with infertility: a reliability and validity study","volume":"23","author":"Omani-Samani R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Omani-Samani R, Maroufizadeh S, Ghaheri A, Navid B. Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) in people with infertility: a reliability and validity study. Middle East Fertil Soc J. 2018;23(4):446\u2013449. doi:10.1016\/j.mefs.2018.01.013"},{"key":"r66","series-title":"Epilepsy Behav","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2016.02.015","article-title":"Rapid detection of generalized anxiety disorder and major depression in epilepsy: validation of the GAD-7 as a complementary tool to the NDDI-E in a French sample","volume":"57","author":"Micoulaud-Franchi JA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Micoulaud-Franchi JA, Lagarde S, Barkate G, et\u00a0al. Rapid detection of generalized anxiety disorder and major depression in epilepsy: validation of the GAD-7 as a complementary tool to the NDDI-E in a French sample. Epilepsy Behav. 2016;57:211\u2013216. doi:10.1016\/j.yebeh.2016.02.015"},{"key":"r67","series-title":"Front Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00393","article-title":"Prevalence of mental distress among Syrian refugees with residence permission in Germany: a registry-based study","volume":"9","author":"Georgiadou E","year":"2018","unstructured":"Georgiadou E, Zbidat A, Schmitt GM, Erim Y. Prevalence of mental distress among Syrian refugees with residence permission in Germany: a registry-based study. Front Psychiatry. 2018;9:393. doi:10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00393"},{"key":"r68","series-title":"Wellbeing Measures in Primary Health Care\/The Depcare Project: Report on a Who Meeting: Stockholm, Sweden, 12\u201313 February 1998","year":"1998","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. Wellbeing Measures in Primary Health Care\/The Depcare Project: Report on a Who Meeting: Stockholm, Sweden, 12\u201313 February 1998. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe; 1998. Accessed June 26, 2023. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/349766"},{"issue":"1","key":"r69","series-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2079","article-title":"Validation of the Arabic version of the 5-item WHO well being index in elderly population","volume":"24","author":"Sibai AM","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sibai AM, Chaaya M, Tohme RA, Mahfoud Z, Al-Amin H. Validation of the Arabic version of the 5-item WHO well being index in elderly population. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009;24(1):106\u2013107. doi:10.1002\/gps.2079"},{"issue":"2","key":"r70","series-title":"Trends Psychiatry Psychother","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1590\/2237-6089-2017-0044","article-title":"Reliability, validity, and factorial structure of the world health organization-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5) in Iranian psychiatric outpatients","volume":"40","author":"Dadfar M","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dadfar M, Momeni Safarabad N, Asgharnejad Farid AA, Nemati Shirzy M, Ghazie pour Abarghouie F. Reliability, validity, and factorial structure of the world health organization-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5) in Iranian psychiatric outpatients. Trends Psychiatry Psychother. 2018;40(2):79\u201384. doi:10.1590\/2237-6089-2017-0044"},{"issue":"6","key":"r71","series-title":"Diabetes Metab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2012.06.002","article-title":"WHO-5, a tool focusing on psychological needs in patients with diabetes: the French contribution to the DAWN study","volume":"38","author":"Hochberg G","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hochberg G, Pucheu S, Kleinebreil L, Halimi S, Fructuoso-Voisin C. WHO-5, a tool focusing on psychological needs in patients with diabetes: the French contribution to the DAWN study. Diabetes Metab. 2012;38(6):515\u2013522. doi:10.1016\/j.diabet.2012.06.002"},{"key":"r72","series-title":"Front Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.717353","article-title":"Post-migration stressors and subjective well-being in adult Syrian refugees resettled in Sweden: a gender perspective","volume":"9","author":"Alexander N","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alexander N, Mathilde S, \u00d8ivind S. Post-migration stressors and subjective well-being in adult Syrian refugees resettled in Sweden: a gender perspective. Front Public Health. 2021;9:717353. doi:10.3389\/fpubh.2021.717353"},{"issue":"3","key":"r73","series-title":"Int J Stress Manag","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022936930992","article-title":"The influence of perceived versus aerobic fitness on psychological health and physiological stress responsivity","volume":"5","author":"Plante TG","year":"1998","unstructured":"Plante TG, Lantis A, Checa G. The influence of perceived versus aerobic fitness on psychological health and physiological stress responsivity. Int J Stress Manag. 1998;5(3):141\u2013156. doi:10.1023\/A:1022936930992"},{"issue":"8","key":"r74","series-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB","article-title":"International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity","volume":"35","author":"Craig CL","year":"2003","unstructured":"Craig CL, Marshall AL, et\u00a0al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(8):1381\u20131395. doi:10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB"},{"issue":"06","key":"r75","series-title":"Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.4236\/health.2020.126045","article-title":"Weekly physical activity from IPAQ (Arabic) recalls and from IDEEA activity meters","volume":"12","author":"Garashi NHJ","year":"2020","unstructured":"Garashi NHJ, Kandari JRA, Ainsworth BE, Barac-Nieto M. Weekly physical activity from IPAQ (Arabic) recalls and from IDEEA activity meters. Health. 2020;12(06):598\u2013611. doi:10.4236\/health.2020.126045"},{"issue":"8","key":"r76","series-title":"World Appl Sci J","first-page":"1073","article-title":"The Iranian version of international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) in Iran: content and construct validity, factor structure, internal consistency and stability","volume":"18","author":"Moghaddam MHB","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moghaddam MHB, Aghdam FB, Jafarabadi MA, Allahverdipour H, Nikookheslat SD, Safarpour S. The Iranian version of international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) in Iran: content and construct validity, factor structure, internal consistency and stability. World Appl Sci J. 2012;18(8):1073\u20131080."},{"issue":"4","key":"r77","series-title":"Public Health Nutr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2002449","article-title":"Physical activity monitoring in Europe. The European Physical Activity Surveillance System (EUPASS) approach and indicator testing","volume":"6","author":"R\u00fctten A","year":"2003","unstructured":"R\u00fctten A, Vuillemin A, Ooijendijk W, et\u00a0al. Physical activity monitoring in Europe. The European Physical Activity Surveillance System (EUPASS) approach and indicator testing. Public Health Nutr. 2003;6(4):377\u2013384. doi:10.1079\/PHN2002449"},{"issue":"1","key":"r78","series-title":"BMC Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-10217-w","article-title":"Insufficient physical activity level among Sahrawi adults living in a protracted refugee setting","volume":"21","author":"Andersen E","year":"2021","unstructured":"Andersen E, Kjells\u00e5 I, Hjellset VT, Henjum S. Insufficient physical activity level among Sahrawi adults living in a protracted refugee setting. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):166. doi:10.1186\/s12889-021-10217-w"},{"key":"r79","series-title":"J Psychosom Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.109914","article-title":"Asylum-seekers\u2019 psychosocial situation: a diathesis for post-migratory stress and mental health disorders?","volume":"130","author":"Solberg \u00d8","year":"2020","unstructured":"Solberg \u00d8, Vaez M, Johnson-Singh CM, Saboonchi F. Asylum-seekers\u2019 psychosocial situation: a diathesis for post-migratory stress and mental health disorders? J Psychosom Res. 2020;130:109914. doi:10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.109914"},{"issue":"1","key":"r80","series-title":"BMC Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5822-x","article-title":"Major depressive disorder prevalence and risk factors among Syrian asylum seekers in Greece","volume":"18","author":"Poole DN","year":"2018","unstructured":"Poole DN, Hedt-Gauthier B, Liao S, Raymond NA, B\u00e4rnighausen T. Major depressive disorder prevalence and risk factors among Syrian asylum seekers in Greece. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):908. doi:10.1186\/s12889-018-5822-x"},{"issue":"1","key":"r81","series-title":"BMC Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-018-1028-4","article-title":"Syrian refugees in Greece: experience with violence, mental health status, and access to information during the journey and while in Greece","volume":"16","author":"Ben Farhat J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ben Farhat J, Blanchet K, Juul Bjertrup P, et\u00a0al. Syrian refugees in Greece: experience with violence, mental health status, and access to information during the journey and while in Greece. BMC Med. 2018;16(1):40. doi:10.1186\/s12916-018-1028-4"},{"issue":"5","key":"r82","series-title":"J Immigr Minor Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-012-9586-6","article-title":"Effect of a physical activity intervention on the metabolic syndrome in Pakistani immigrant men: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"Andersen E","year":"2012","unstructured":"Andersen E, H\u00f8stmark AT, Anderssen SA. Effect of a physical activity intervention on the metabolic syndrome in Pakistani immigrant men: a randomized controlled trial. J Immigr Minor Health. 2012;14(5):738\u2013746. doi:10.1007\/s10903-012-9586-6"},{"issue":"3","key":"r83","series-title":"World Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20458","article-title":"Sedentary behavior and physical activity levels in people with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: a global systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Vancampfort D","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vancampfort D, Firth J, Schuch FB, et\u00a0al. Sedentary behavior and physical activity levels in people with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: a global systematic review and meta-analysis. World Psychiatry. 2017;16(3):308\u2013315. doi:10.1002\/wps.20458"},{"issue":"1","key":"r84","series-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-8-115","article-title":"Validity of the international physical activity questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF): a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Lee PH","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lee PH, Macfarlane DJ, Lam T, Stewart SM. Validity of the international physical activity questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF): a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011;8(1):115. doi:10.1186\/1479-5868-8-115"},{"key":"r85","series-title":"J Migr Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmh.2022.100144","article-title":"Diagnostic test accuracy of screening tools for post-traumatic stress disorder among refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Magwood O","year":"2023","unstructured":"Magwood O, Bellai-Dussault K, Fox G, et\u00a0al. Diagnostic test accuracy of screening tools for post-traumatic stress disorder among refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Migr Health. 2023;7:100144. doi:10.1016\/j.jmh.2022.100144"},{"issue":"1","key":"r86","series-title":"BMC Fam Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-016-0545-5","article-title":"The differential diagnosis of tiredness: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Stadje R","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stadje R, Dornieden K, Baum E, et\u00a0al. The differential diagnosis of tiredness: a systematic review. BMC Fam Pract. 2016;17(1):147. doi:10.1186\/s12875-016-0545-5"},{"issue":"1","key":"r87","series-title":"Depress Anxiety","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22842","article-title":"Aerobic exercise for adult patients with major depressive disorder in mental health services: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Morres ID","year":"2019","unstructured":"Morres ID, Hatzigeorgiadis A, Stathi A, et\u00a0al. Aerobic exercise for adult patients with major depressive disorder in mental health services: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Depress Anxiety. 2019;36(1):39\u201353. doi:10.1002\/da.22842"},{"issue":"4","key":"r88","series-title":"J Sci Med Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2008.06.009","article-title":"Specific associations between types of physical activity and components of mental health","volume":"12","author":"Asztalos M","year":"2009","unstructured":"Asztalos M, Wijndaele K, De Bourdeaudhuij I, et\u00a0al. Specific associations between types of physical activity and components of mental health. J Sci Med Sport. 2009;12(4):468\u2013474. doi:10.1016\/j.jsams.2008.06.009"},{"issue":"18","key":"r89","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2022-106195","article-title":"Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for improving depression, anxiety and distress: an overview of systematic reviews","volume":"57","author":"Singh B","year":"2023","unstructured":"Singh B, Olds T, Curtis R, et\u00a0al. Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for improving depression, anxiety and distress: an overview of systematic reviews. Br J Sports Med. 2023;57(18):1203\u20131209. doi:10.1136\/bjsports-2022-106195"},{"issue":"1","key":"r90","series-title":"J Sport Exerc Psychol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.16.1.29","article-title":"Exercise and self-esteem: validity of model expansion and exercise associations","volume":"16","author":"Sonstroem RJ","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sonstroem RJ, Harlow LL, Josephs L. Exercise and self-esteem: validity of model expansion and exercise associations. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 1994;16(1):29\u201342. doi:10.1123\/jsep.16.1.29"},{"issue":"4","key":"r91","series-title":"Brain Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci3010039","article-title":"Exercise benefits brain function: the monoamine connection","volume":"3","author":"Lin TW","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lin TW, Kuo YM. Exercise benefits brain function: the monoamine connection. Brain Sci. 2013;3(4):39\u201353. doi:10.3390\/brainsci3010039"},{"key":"r92","series-title":"Maturitas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2017.09.003","article-title":"Exercise and mental health","volume":"106","author":"Mikkelsen K","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mikkelsen K, Stojanovska L, Polenakovic M, Bosevski M, Apostolopoulos V. Exercise and mental health. Maturitas. 2017;106:48\u201356. doi:10.1016\/j.maturitas.2017.09.003"},{"issue":"1","key":"r93","series-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2019.1699327","article-title":"Trauma-afflicted refugees\u2019 experiences of participating in physical activity and exercise treatment: a qualitative study based on focus group discussions","volume":"10","author":"Nilsson H","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nilsson H, Saboonchi F, Gustavsson C, Malm A, Gottvall M. Trauma-afflicted refugees\u2019 experiences of participating in physical activity and exercise treatment: a qualitative study based on focus group discussions. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2019;10(1):1699327. doi:10.1080\/20008198.2019.1699327"},{"key":"r94","article-title":"The 10-Point Plan in Action","year":"2016","unstructured":"UNHCR. The 10-Point Plan in Action. UNHCR. 2016. https:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/us\/what-we-do\/safeguard-human-rights\/asylum-and-migration\/10-point-plan-action"}],"container-title":["Journal of Physical Activity and Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/jpah\/21\/7\/article-p657.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/jpah\/21\/7\/article-p657.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/jpah\/21\/7\/article-p657.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T01:38:14Z","timestamp":1776735494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/jpah\/21\/7\/article-p657.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"references-count":188,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/jpah.2023-0325","relation":{},"ISSN":["1543-3080","1543-5474"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1543-3080","type":"print"},{"value":"1543-5474","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]}}}