{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:27:38Z","timestamp":1787016458201,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"\n \n Objective<\/jats:bold>\n :\n <\/jats:italic>\n To evaluate the independent contribution of intensity, duration, and frequency of physical activity (PA) and lifelong risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).\n \n Methods<\/jats:bold>\n :\n <\/jats:italic>\n ATTICA is a population-based cohort study that was conducted in the Attica region (Greece) in 2002, and included 3042 adults (45 [11]\u00a0y, 50% males). Participants\u2019 PA levels, together with information regarding CVD incidence during 2002\u20132022, were available from 1988 participants (45 [12]\u00a0y old, 987 males and 1001 females). PA volume (intensity, duration, and frequency) was evaluated using the validated International Physical Activity Questionnaire, in consecutive follow-up examinations (2006, 2012, and 2022).\n \n Results<\/jats:bold>\n :\n <\/jats:italic>\n Over 20\u00a0years, 36% of participants experienced a CVD event. Moderate and high PA volume was linked to 48% and 37% lower CVD risk, respectively, versus low volume (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u2009.05). Intensity of PA was the strongest protective factor. Benefits were more evident in nonobese individuals and those with fewer CVD risk factors.\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:bold>\n :\n <\/jats:italic>\n Long-term, moderate to vigorous PA is associated with lower CVD risk. Intensity and duration matter more than frequency. These findings support intensity-focused, individualized PA recommendations for cardiovascular prevention.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2025-0629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T02:34:29Z","timestamp":1771554869000},"page":"1012-1020","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Intensity But Not Duration and Frequency of Physical Activity Is Associated With 20-Year Cardiovascular Disease Incidence: Insights From the ATTICA Study (2002\u20132022)"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Nikos","family":"Dimitriadis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9134-1641","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Giannis","family":"Arnaoutis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5817-9395","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Konstantinos D.","family":"Tambalis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6340-3996","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christina","family":"Chrysohoou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fotios","family":"Barkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evangelos","family":"Liberopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petros P.","family":"Sfikakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Pitsavos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7636-6725","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Costas","family":"Tsioufis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6055-7634","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Peter","family":"Kokkinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8583-153X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Demosthenes","family":"Panagiotakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"key":"r1","series-title":"Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018\u20132030: More Active People for a Healthier World","year":"2018","unstructured":"Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018\u20132030: More Active People for a Healthier World. 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