{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:58:17Z","timestamp":1790787497893,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Grounded in social facilitation theory, this study compared the impact on exercise intensity of a virtual versus a live competitor, when riding a virtual reality-enhanced stationary bike (\u201ccybercycle\u201d). It was hypothesized that competitiveness would moderate effects. Twenty-three female college students were exposed to three conditions on a cybercycle: solo training, virtual competitor, and live competitor. After training without a competitor (solo condition for familiarization with equipment), participants competed against a virtual avatar or live rider (random order of presentation). A repeated-measures analysis revealed a significant condition (virtual\/live) by competitiveness (high\/low) interaction for exercise intensity (watts). More competitive participants exhibited significantly greater exercise intensity when competing against a live versus virtual competitor. The implication is that live competitors can have an added social facilitation effect and influence exercise intensity, although competitiveness moderates this effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.34.2.252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T12:11:31Z","timestamp":1470831091000},"page":"252-259","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Virtual and Live Social Facilitation While Exergaming: Competitiveness Moderates Exercise Intensity"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Amanda L.","family":"Snyder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Union College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cay","family":"Anderson-Hanley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Union College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Arciero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Skidmore College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","container-title":["Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/jsep\/34\/2\/article-p252.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/jsep\/34\/2\/article-p252.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]],"date-time":"2022-05-19T22:34:41Z","timestamp":1652999681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/jsep\/34\/2\/article-p252.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/jsep.34.2.252","relation":{},"ISSN":["0895-2779","1543-2904"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0895-2779","type":"print"},{"value":"1543-2904","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]}}}