{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T22:41:56Z","timestamp":1789512116164,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic><jats:bold>Context<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic>Squatting is a common rehabilitation training exercise for patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Patellofemoral joint stress (PFJS) during squatting with more anterior knee displacement has not been systematically investigated.<jats:italic><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic>To compare PFJS during squatting using 2 techniques: squat while keeping the knees behind the toes (SBT) and squat while allowing the knees to go past the toes (SPT).<jats:italic><jats:bold>Setting<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic>University research laboratory.<jats:italic><jats:bold>Participants<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic>Twenty-five healthy females (age: 22.69 (0.74) y; height: 169.39 (6.44) cm; mass: 61.55 (9.74) kg) participated.<jats:italic><jats:bold>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic>Three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic data were collected at 180 and 1800\u00a0Hz, respectively. A musculoskeletal model was used to calculate muscle forces through static optimization. These muscle forces were used in a patellofemoral joint model to estimate PFJS.<jats:italic><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic>The magnitudes of PFJS, reaction force, and quadriceps force were higher (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) during SPT compared with the SBT technique. Knee flexion, hip flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion angles were reduced when using the SBT technique.<jats:italic><jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic>Findings provide some general support for minimizing forward knee translation during squats for patients that may have patellofemoral pain syndrome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2016-0197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]],"date-time":"2017-04-19T20:28:31Z","timestamp":1492633711000},"page":"237-243","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Effects of Anterior Knee Displacement During Squatting on Patellofemoral Joint Stress"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Thomas 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