{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T21:51:51Z","timestamp":1767909111450,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic><jats:bold>Context<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Though previous research has focused on examining the effects of concussion history using a dual-task paradigm, the influence of factors like symptoms (unrelated to concussion), gender, and type of sport on gait in college athletes is unknown. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> To examine the effect of concussion history, symptoms, gender, and type of sport (noncontact\/limited contact\/contact) individually on gait among college athletes. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Exploratory cross-sectional study. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Setting<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Laboratory. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Participants<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> In total, 98 varsity athletes (age, 18.3 [1.0]\u00a0y; height, 1.79 [0.11]\u00a0m; mass, 77.5 [19.2]\u00a0kg; 27 with concussion history, 58 reported at least one symptom, 44 females; 8 played noncontact sports and 71 played contact sports) walked under single- and dual-task (walking while counting backward by 7) conditions. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Interventions<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Not applicable. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Dual-task cost (DTC; % difference between single task and dual task) of gait speed, cadence, step length and width, percentage of swing and double-support phases, symptom score, and total symptom severity score. Independent samples <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> tests and 1-way analysis of variance were conducted (<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> value\u2009=\u2009.05). <jats:italic><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Self-reported concussion history resulted in no significant differences (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). Those who reported symptoms at testing time showed significantly greater DTC of step length (mean difference [MD], 2.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3% to 5.1%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.012), % of swing phase (MD, 1.0%; 95% CI, \u22120.2 to 2.1%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.042), and % of double-support phase (MD, 3.9%; 95% CI, 0.2% to 7.8%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.019). Females demonstrated significantly higher DTC of gait speed (MD, 5.3%; 95% CI, 1.3% to 9.3%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.005), cadence (MD, 4.0%; 95% CI, 1.4% to 6.5%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.002), % of swing phase (MD, 1.2%; 95% CI, 0.1% to 2.3%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.019), and % of double-support phase (MD, 4.1%; 95% CI, 0.4% to 7.9%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.018). Noncontact sports athletes had significantly greater step width DTC than contact sports athletes (MD, 14.2%; 95% CI, 0.9% to 27.6%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.032). <jats:italic><jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Reporting symptoms at testing time may influence gait under dual-task conditions. Additionally, female athletes showed more gait changes during a dual task. Sports medicine professionals should be aware that these variables, while unrelated to injury, may affect an athlete\u2019s gait upon analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2019-0331","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]],"date-time":"2021-01-08T02:55:58Z","timestamp":1610074558000},"page":"988-999","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Gait Assessment in College Athletes: Do Concussion History, Symptoms, Gender, and Type of Sport Matter?"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Emily L.","family":"Messerschmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric E.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline J.","family":"Ketcham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirtida","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Srikant","family":"Vallabhajosula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"r1","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","first-page":"838","article-title":"Consensus statement on concussion in sport\u2014the 5th international conference on concussion in sport held in Berlin, October 2016","volume":"51","author":"McCrory P","year":"2017","unstructured":"McCrory P, Meeuwisse W, Dvo\u0159\u00e1k J, et\u00a0al. 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