{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T16:43:46Z","timestamp":1774802626733,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic><jats:bold>Context<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Ankle braces have been theorized to augment dynamic balance. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Objectives<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> To complete a systematic review with meta-analysis of the available literature assessing the effect of ankle braces on dynamic balance in individuals with and without chronic ankle instability (CAI). <jats:italic><jats:bold>Evidence Acquisition<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus) were searched from inception to October 2019 using combinations of keywords related to dynamic balance, ankle braces, Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), Y-Balance Test (YBT), and Time to Stabilization. Inclusion criteria required that studies examined the effects of ankle braces on dynamic balance. Studies were excluded if they evaluated other conditions besides CAI, did not access dynamic balance, or did not use an ankle brace. Methodological quality was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. The level of evidence was assessed using the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy. The magnitude of brace effects on dynamic balance was examined using Hedges <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic> effect sizes (ESs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Random-effects meta-analysis was performed to synthesize SEBT\/YBT and Time to Stabilization data separately. <jats:italic><jats:bold>Data Synthesis<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> Seven studies were included with a median Physiotherapy Evidence Database score of 60% (range 50%\u201360%), and 4 were classified as high quality. Overall meta-analysis indicated a weak to no effect of braces on SEBT\/YBT (ES\u2009=\u20090.117; 95% CI, \u22120.080 to 0.433; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.177) and Time to Stabilization (ES\u2009=\u2009\u22120.064; 95% CI, \u22120.211 to 0.083, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.083). Subanalysis of SEBT\/YBT measures indicated a weak negative effect in healthy participants (ES\u2009=\u2009\u22120.116; 95% CI, \u22120.209 to \u22120.022, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.015) and a strong positive effect in individuals with CAI (ES\u2009=\u20090.777; 95% CI, 0.418 to 1.136; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). <jats:italic><jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:italic> The current literature supports a strong effect of ankle braces on the SEBT\/YBT in those with CAI. However, little to no dynamic balance changes were noted in healthy participants. Future research should include consistent ankle brace types, pathologic populations, and the examination of dynamic balance changes contribution to injury risk reduction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2020-0224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T16:28:21Z","timestamp":1603124901000},"page":"660-667","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Dynamic Balance Measures in Healthy and Chronic Ankle Instability Participants While Wearing Ankle Braces: Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Reyburn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cameron J.","family":"Powden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"r1","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2004.011676","article-title":"Long term outcomes of inversion ankle injuries","volume":"39","author":"Anandacoomarasamy A","year":"2005","unstructured":"Anandacoomarasamy A, Barnsley L. Long term outcomes of inversion ankle injuries. Br J Sports Med. 2005;39(3):e14. PubMed ID: 15728682 doi:10.1136\/bjsm.2004.01167610.1136\/bjsm.2004.01167615728682"},{"issue":"2","key":"r2","series-title":"Br J Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.28.2.112","article-title":"An epidemiological survey on ankle sprain","volume":"28","author":"Yeung MS","year":"1994","unstructured":"Yeung MS, Chan KM, So CH, Yuan WY. An epidemiological survey on ankle sprain. Br J Sports Med. 1994;28(2):112\u2013116. PubMed ID: 7921910 doi:10.1136\/bjsm.28.2.112792191010.1136\/bjsm.28.2.112"},{"issue":"4","key":"r3","series-title":"Am J Sport Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516628870","article-title":"Recovery from a first-time lateral ankle sprain and the predictors of chronic ankle instability: a prospective cohort analysis","volume":"44","author":"Doherty C","year":"2016","unstructured":"Doherty C, Bleakley C, Hertel J, Caulfield B, Ryan J, Delahunt E. Recovery from a first-time lateral ankle sprain and the predictors of chronic ankle instability: a prospective cohort analysis. Am J Sport Med. 2016;44(4):995\u20131003. doi:10.1177\/036354651662887010.1177\/0363546516628870"},{"issue":"6","key":"r4","series-title":"J Athl Train","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-49.3.54","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in individuals with chronic ankle instability","volume":"49","author":"Houston MN","year":"2014","unstructured":"Houston MN, Van Lunen BL, Hoch MC. Health-related quality of life in individuals with chronic ankle instability. J Athl Train. 2014;49(6):758\u2013763. PubMed ID: 25299444 doi:10.4085\/1062-6050-49.3.5410.4085\/1062-6050-49.3.5425299444"},{"issue":"7","key":"r5","series-title":"J Athl Train","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-50.3.05","article-title":"Physical activity levels in college students with chronic ankle instability","volume":"50","author":"Hubbard-Turner T","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hubbard-Turner T, Turner MJ. Physical activity levels in college students with chronic ankle instability. J Athl Train. 2015;50(7):742\u2013747. PubMed ID: 25898110 doi:10.4085\/1062-6050-50.3.052589811010.4085\/1062-6050-50.3.05"},{"issue":"6","key":"r6","series-title":"J Orthop Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21359","article-title":"Post-traumatic osteoarthritis: improved understanding and opportunities for early intervention","volume":"29","author":"Anderson DD","year":"2011","unstructured":"Anderson DD, Chubinskaya S, Guilak F, et\u00a0al. Post-traumatic osteoarthritis: improved understanding and opportunities for early intervention. J Orthop Res. 2011;29(6):802\u2013809. PubMed ID: 21520254 doi:10.1002\/jor.213592152025410.1002\/jor.21359"},{"issue":"13","key":"r7","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.01537","article-title":"The epidemiology of ankle sprains in the United States","volume":"92","author":"Waterman B","year":"2010","unstructured":"Waterman B, Owens B, Davey S, Zacchilli M, Belmont P, Jr. The epidemiology of ankle sprains in the United States. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010;92(13):2279\u20132284. PubMed ID: 20926721 doi:10.2106\/JBJS.I.015372092672110.2106\/JBJS.I.01537"},{"issue":"9","key":"r8","series-title":"Am J Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511406242","article-title":"The effect of lace-up ankle braces on injury rates in high school basketball players","volume":"39","author":"McGuine TA","year":"2011","unstructured":"McGuine TA, Brooks A, Hetzel S. The effect of lace-up ankle braces on injury rates in high school basketball players. Am J Sports Med. 2011;39(9):1840\u20131848. PubMed ID: 21795671 doi:10.1177\/036354651140624210.1177\/036354651140624221795671"},{"issue":"3","key":"r9","series-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.26603\/ijspt20180379","article-title":"The effect of bracing and balance training on ankle sprain incidence among athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Bellows R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bellows R, Wong CK. The effect of bracing and balance training on ankle sprain incidence among athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2018;13(3):379\u2013388. PubMed ID: 30038824 doi:10.26603\/ijspt201803793003882410.26603\/ijspt20180379"},{"issue":"1","key":"r10","series-title":"Am J Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511422332","article-title":"The effect of lace-up ankle braces on injury rates in high school football players","volume":"40","author":"McGuine TA","year":"2012","unstructured":"McGuine TA, Hetzel S, Wilson J, Brooks A. The effect of lace-up ankle braces on injury rates in high school football players. Am J Sports Med. 2012;40(1):49\u201357. PubMed ID: 21926383 doi:10.1177\/03635465114223322192638310.1177\/0363546511422332"},{"issue":"15","key":"r11","series-title":"Br J Sport Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098106","article-title":"Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of ankle sprains: update of an evidence-based clinical guideline","volume":"52","author":"Vuurberg G","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vuurberg G, Hoorntje A, Wink LM, et\u00a0al. Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of ankle sprains: update of an evidence-based clinical guideline. Br J Sport Med. 2018;52(15):956. doi:10.1136\/bjsports-2017-09810610.1136\/bjsports-2017-098106"},{"issue":"4","key":"r12","series-title":"J Ortho Sport Phys Ther","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2000.30.4.170","article-title":"Influence of ankle support on joint range of motion before and after exercise: a meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Cordova ML","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cordova ML, Ingersoll CD, LeBlanc MJ. Influence of ankle support on joint range of motion before and after exercise: a meta-analysis. J Ortho Sport Phys Ther. 2000;30(4):170\u2013182. doi:10.2519\/jospt.2000.30.4.17010.2519\/jospt.2000.30.4.170"},{"issue":"4","key":"r13","series-title":"J Athl Train","first-page":"446","article-title":"Efficacy of prophylactic ankle support: an experimental perspective","volume":"37","author":"Cordova ML","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cordova ML, Ingersoll CD, Palmieri RM. Efficacy of prophylactic ankle support: an experimental perspective. J Athl Train. 2002;37(4):446\u2013457. PubMed ID: 1293756612937566"},{"issue":"2","key":"r14","series-title":"J Sport Sci Med","first-page":"352","article-title":"Effect of semi-rigid and soft ankle braces on static and dynamic postural stability in young male adults","volume":"15","author":"Maeda N","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maeda N, Urabe Y, Tsutsumi S, et\u00a0al. Effect of semi-rigid and soft ankle braces on static and dynamic postural stability in young male adults. J Sport Sci Med. 2016;15(2):352\u2013357."},{"issue":"4","key":"r15","series-title":"J Athl Train","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-43.4.347","article-title":"Prophylactic ankle braces and star excursion balance measures in healthy volunteers","volume":"43","author":"Hardy L","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hardy L, Huxel K, Brucker J, Nesser T. Prophylactic ankle braces and star excursion balance measures in healthy volunteers. J Athl Train. 2008;43(4):347\u2013351. PubMed ID: 18668181 doi:10.4085\/1062-6050-43.4.3471866818110.4085\/1062-6050-43.4.347"},{"issue":"3","key":"r16","series-title":"J Athl Train","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-47.3.08","article-title":"Using the Star Excursion Balance Test to assess dynamic postural-control deficits and outcomes in lower extremity injury: a literature and systematic review","volume":"47","author":"Gribble PA","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gribble PA, Hertel J, Plisky P. Using the Star Excursion Balance Test to assess dynamic postural-control deficits and outcomes in lower extremity injury: a literature and systematic review. J Athl Train. 2012;47(3):339\u2013357. PubMed ID: 22892416 doi:10.4085\/1062-6050-47.3.0810.4085\/1062-6050-47.3.08"},{"issue":"4","key":"r17","series-title":"J Sci Med Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2013.05.017","article-title":"Effect of soft and semirigid ankle orthoses on Star Excursion Balance Test performance in patients with functional ankle instability","volume":"17","author":"Hadadi M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hadadi M, Mousavi ME, Fardipour S, Vameghi R, Mazaheri M. Effect of soft and semirigid ankle orthoses on Star Excursion Balance Test performance in patients with functional ankle instability. J Sci Med Sport. 2014;17(4):430\u2013433. PubMed ID: 23810776 doi:10.1016\/j.jsams.2013.05.0172381077610.1016\/j.jsams.2013.05.017"},{"issue":"1","key":"r18","series-title":"J Athl Train","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-486-16","article-title":"Collegiate football players\u2019 ankle range of motion and dynamic balance in braced and self-adherent-taped conditions","volume":"53","author":"Willeford K","year":"2018","unstructured":"Willeford K, Stanek JM, McLoda TA. Collegiate football players\u2019 ankle range of motion and dynamic balance in braced and self-adherent-taped conditions. J Athl Train. 2018;53(1):66\u201371. PubMed ID: 29314872 doi:10.4085\/1062-6050-486-1610.4085\/1062-6050-486-1629314872"},{"issue":"6","key":"r19","series-title":"Foot Ankle Int","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100719833993","article-title":"Comparison of the effect of the combined mechanism ankle support on static and dynamic postural control of chronic ankle instability patients","volume":"40","author":"Hadadi M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hadadi M, Abbasi F. Comparison of the effect of the combined mechanism ankle support on static and dynamic postural control of chronic ankle instability patients. Foot Ankle Int. 2019;40(6):702\u2013709. PubMed ID: 30808178 doi:10.1177\/107110071983399310.1177\/107110071983399330808178"},{"issue":"3","key":"r20","series-title":"J Athl Train","first-page":"245","article-title":"Dynamic postural stability in subjects with braced, functionally unstable ankles","volume":"41","author":"Wikstrom EA","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wikstrom EA, Arrigenna MA, Tillman MD, Borsa PA. Dynamic postural stability in subjects with braced, functionally unstable ankles. J Athl Train. 2006;41(3):245\u2013250. PubMed ID: 1704369117043691"},{"issue":"1","key":"r21","series-title":"Phys Ther Sport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2009.11.003","article-title":"Bracing does not improve dynamic stability in chronic ankle instability subjects","volume":"11","author":"Gribble PA","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gribble PA, Taylor BL, Shinohara J. Bracing does not improve dynamic stability in chronic ankle instability subjects. Phys Ther Sport. 2010;11(1):3\u20137. PubMed ID: 20129116 doi:10.1016\/j.ptsp.2009.11.003.10.1016\/j.ptsp.2009.11.00320129116"},{"issue":"2","key":"r22","series-title":"J Athl Train","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-43.2.164","article-title":"Ankle bracing, fatigue, and time to stabilization in collegiate volleyball athletes","volume":"43","author":"Shaw MY","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shaw MY, Gribble PA, Frye JL. Ankle bracing, fatigue, and time to stabilization in collegiate volleyball athletes. J Athl Train. 2008;43(2):164\u2013171. PubMed ID: 18345341 doi:10.4085\/1062-6050-43.2.1641834534110.4085\/1062-6050-43.2.164"},{"issue":"7","key":"r23","series-title":"PLoS Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000100","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000100","article-title":"The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration","volume":"6","author":"Liberati A","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et\u00a0al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med. 2009;6(7):e1000100. PubMed ID: 19621070 doi:10.1371\/journal.pmed.100010010.1371\/journal.pmed.100010019621070"},{"issue":"2","key":"r24","series-title":"Aust J Physiother","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(09)70043-1","article-title":"The PEDro scale is a valid measure of the methodological quality of clinical trials: a demographic study","volume":"55","author":"de Morton NA","year":"2009","unstructured":"de Morton NA. The PEDro scale is a valid measure of the methodological quality of clinical trials: a demographic study. Aust J Physiother. 2009;55(2):129\u2013133. PubMed ID: 19463084 doi:10.1016\/S0004-9514(09)70043-110.1016\/S0004-9514(09)70043-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"r25","series-title":"J Am Board Fam Pract","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.17.1.59","article-title":"Strength of recommendation taxonomy (SORT): a patient-centered approach to grading evidence in the medical literature","volume":"17","author":"Ebell MH","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ebell MH, Siwek J, Weiss BD, et\u00a0al. Strength of recommendation taxonomy (SORT): a patient-centered approach to grading evidence in the medical literature. J Am Board Fam Pract. 2004;17(1):59\u201367. PubMed ID: 15014055 doi:10.3122\/jabfm.17.1.5910.3122\/jabfm.17.1.59"},{"issue":"6","key":"r26","series-title":"J Athl Train","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-344-18","article-title":"An updated model of chronic ankle instability","volume":"54","author":"Hertel J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hertel J, Corbett RO. An updated model of chronic ankle instability. J Athl Train. 2019;54(6):572\u2013588. PubMed ID: 31162943 doi:10.4085\/1062-6050-344-183116294310.4085\/1062-6050-344-18"},{"issue":"4","key":"r27","series-title":"J Sport Rehabil","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2017-0279","article-title":"Ankle sprain has higher occurrence during the latter parts of matches: systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"de Noronha M","year":"2019","unstructured":"de Noronha M, Lay EK, McPhee MR, Mnatzaganian G, Nunes GS. Ankle sprain has higher occurrence during the latter parts of matches: systematic review with meta-analysis. J Sport Rehabil. 2019;28(4):373\u2013380. PubMed ID: 29809104 doi:10.1123\/jsr.2017-027910.1123\/jsr.2017-0279"},{"issue":"12","key":"r28","series-title":"Sports Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2775","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-018-0993-2","article-title":"Ankle bracing is effective for primary and secondary prevention of acute ankle injuries in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analyses","volume":"48","author":"Barelds I","year":"2018","unstructured":"Barelds I, van den Broek AG, Huisstede BMA. Ankle bracing is effective for primary and secondary prevention of acute ankle injuries in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Sports Med. 2018;48(12):2775\u20132784. PubMed ID: 30298478 doi:10.1007\/s40279-018-0993-23029847810.1007\/s40279-018-0993-2"}],"container-title":["Journal of Sport Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/jsr\/30\/4\/article-p660.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/jsr\/30\/4\/article-p660.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/jsr\/30\/4\/article-p660.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T23:29:42Z","timestamp":1756337382000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/jsr\/30\/4\/article-p660.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/jsr.2020-0224","relation":{},"ISSN":["1056-6716","1543-3072"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1056-6716","type":"print"},{"value":"1543-3072","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]]}}}