{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T04:49:41Z","timestamp":1791866981442,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec sec-type=\"context\"><jats:title>Context:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A dynamic-balance-training (DBT) program supplemented with the Graston instrument-assisted soft-tissue mobilization (GISTM) technique has not been evaluated collectively as a treatment in subjects with chronic ankle instability (CAI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"objective\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the effects of GISTM in conjunction with a DBT program on outcomes associated with CAI, including pain and disability, range of motion (ROM), and dynamic postural control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"design\"><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pretest\/posttest, repeated measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"setting\"><jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title><jats:p>High school and a Division I mid-Atlantic university.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"participants\"><jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty-six healthy, physically active individuals (5 female, 31 male; age 17.7 \u00b1 1.9 y; height 175.3 \u00b1 14.6 cm) with a history of CAI as determined by an ankle-instability questionnaire volunteered to be in this study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"interventions\"><jats:title>Interventions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 intervention groups: both treatments (DBT\/GISTM, n = 13), DBT and a sham GISTM treatment (DBT\/GISTM-S, n = 12), or DBT and control\u2014no GISTM (DBT\/C, n = 11). All groups participated in a 4-wk DBT program consisting of low-impact and dynamic activities that was progressed from week to week. The DBT\/GISTM and DBT\/GISTM-S groups received the GISTM treatment or sham treatment twice a week for 8 min before performing the DBT program. Pretest and posttest measurements included the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), FAAM Sport, the visual analog scale (VAS), ankle ROM in 4 directions, and the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) in 3 directions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"main outcome measures\"><jats:title>Main Outcome Measures:<\/jats:title><jats:p>FAAM and FAAM-Sport scores, VAS, goniometric ROM (plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, inversion, eversion), and SEBT (anterior, posteromedial, posterolateral).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subjects in all groups posttest demonstrated an increase in FAAM, FAAM Sport, ROM, and SEBT in all directions but not in VAS, which decreased. No other results were significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>For subjects with CAI, dynamic postural control, ROM, pain and disability improved pretest to posttest regardless of group membership, with the largest effects found in most measures in the DBT\/GISTM group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.21.4.313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T12:27:15Z","timestamp":1470832035000},"page":"313-326","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Effects of a 4-Week Dynamic-Balance-Training Program Supplemented With Graston Instrument-Assisted Soft-Tissue Mobilization for Chronic Ankle Instability"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Schaefer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle A.","family":"Sandrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","container-title":["Journal of Sport Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/jsr\/21\/4\/article-p313.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/jsr\/21\/4\/article-p313.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,19]],"date-time":"2022-05-19T23:09:01Z","timestamp":1653001741000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/jsr\/21\/4\/article-p313.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/jsr.21.4.313","relation":{},"ISSN":["1056-6716","1543-3072"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1056-6716","type":"print"},{"value":"1543-3072","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}}}