{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T15:21:04Z","timestamp":1793719264529,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This cross-sectional study examined the immediate effects of four types of real-time feedback during overground gait performed using inertial measurement units on gait kinematics in healthy young participants. Twelve healthy young participants (mean age: 27.1\u00a0years) performed 60-s gait trials with each of the following real-time feedback: walking spontaneously (no feedback trial); increasing the ankle plantar-flexion angle during the late stance (ankle trial); increasing the leg extension angle, defined the location of the ankle joint relative to the hip joint in the sagittal plane, during late stance (leg trial); and increasing the knee flexion angle during the swing phase (knee trial). Tilt angles and accelerations of the pelvis and lower limb segments were measured using seven inertial measurement units pre- and postfeedback trials. The differences in gait parameters pre- and postfeedback according to the types of feedback were compared using one-factor repeated-measures analysis of variance, Friedman test, and post hoc test. Real-time feedback in the ankle trial increased gait speed, step length, and ankle plantar-flexion angle compared to the no feedback trial (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u2009.001). Meanwhile, real-time feedback in the leg trial increased step length and hip extension angle compared to the no feedback trial (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u2009.001) and showed a tendency to increase gait speed and leg extension angle. Real-time feedback using inertial measurement units increased gait speed immediately with specific changes in gait kinematics in healthy participants. This study might imply the possibility of clinical application for overground gait training, and further studies are needed to clarify the effectiveness for older people.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/mc.2022-0122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,24]],"date-time":"2023-07-24T18:22:25Z","timestamp":1690222945000},"page":"844-859","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Immediate Effects of Real-Time Feedback During Overground Gait Performed Using Inertial Measurement Units on Gait Parameters in Healthy Young Participants: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0449-8478","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Takasuke","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6472-5612","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yasufumi","family":"Takeshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Course of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Tarumizu Municipal Medical Center, Tarumizu Central Hospital, Tarumizu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daichi","family":"Shimose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Tarumizu Municipal Medical Center, Tarumizu Central Hospital, Tarumizu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shogo","family":"Kakimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Course of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7625-1285","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sota","family":"Araki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2515-2003","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuta","family":"Matsuzawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Course of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shobu","family":"Nakashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Course of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4748-7293","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuki","family":"Nakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan"},{"name":"Sports Science Area, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Daiichi Institute of Technology, Kagoshima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8821-1173","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Masayuki","family":"Kawada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1819-9105","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ryoji","family":"Kiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"key":"r1","series-title":"BioMed Research International,","article-title":"Effect of functional electrical stimulation of the gluteus medius during gait in patients following a stroke","volume":"2020,","author":"Araki, S.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Araki, S., Kawada, M., Miyazaki, T., Nakai, Y., Takeshita, Y., Matsuzawa, Y., Yamaguchi, Y., Ohwatashi, A., Tojo, R., Nakamura, T., Nakatsuji, S., & Kiyama, R. (2020). Effect of functional electrical stimulation of the gluteus medius during gait in patients following a stroke. BioMed Research International, 2020, Article 8659845. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/8659845"},{"issue":"1","key":"r2","series-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,","first-page":"43","article-title":"Relationship between step length asymmetry and walking performance in subjects with chronic hemiparesis","volume":"88","author":"Balasubramanian, C.K.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Balasubramanian, C.K., Bowden, M.G., Neptune, R.R., & Kautz, S.A. (2007). Relationship between step length asymmetry and walking performance in subjects with chronic hemiparesis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 88(1), 43\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.10.004"},{"key":"r3","series-title":"Human Movement Science,","first-page":"58","article-title":"Identifying trippers and non-trippers based on knee kinematics during obstacle-free walking","volume":"62,","author":"Benson, L.C.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Benson, L.C., Cobb, S.C., Hyngstrom, A.S., Keenan, K.G., Luo, J., & O\u2019Connor, K.M. (2018). Identifying trippers and non-trippers based on knee kinematics during obstacle-free walking. Human Movement Science, 62, 58\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.humov.2018.09.009"},{"issue":"3","key":"r4","series-title":"Stroke,","first-page":"872","article-title":"Anterior\u2013posterior ground reaction forces as a measure of paretic leg contribution in hemiparetic walking","volume":"37","author":"Bowden, M.G.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bowden, M.G., Balasubramanian, C.K., Neptune, R.R., & Kautz, S.A. (2006). Anterior\u2013posterior ground reaction forces as a measure of paretic leg contribution in hemiparetic walking. Stroke, 37(3), 872\u2013876. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.STR.0000204063.75779.8d"},{"key":"r5","series-title":"Experimental Gerontology,","first-page":"63","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of gait mechanics in young and older adults","volume":"95,","author":"Boyer, K.A.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Boyer, K.A., Johnson, R.T., Banks, J.J., Jewell, C., & Hafer, J.F. (2017). Systematic review and meta-analysis of gait mechanics in young and older adults. Experimental Gerontology, 95, 63\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exger.2017.05.005"},{"key":"r6","series-title":"Journal of Biomechanics,","first-page":"48","article-title":"The independent effects of speed and propulsive force on joint power generation in walking","volume":"55,","author":"Browne, M.G.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Browne, M.G., & Franz, J.R. (2017). The independent effects of speed and propulsive force on joint power generation in walking. Journal of Biomechanics, 55, 48\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2017.02.011"},{"key":"r7","series-title":"Gait & Posture,","first-page":"44","article-title":"Ankle power biofeedback attenuates the distal-to-proximal redistribution in older adults","volume":"71,","author":"Browne, M.G.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Browne, M.G., & Franz, J.R. (2019). Ankle power biofeedback attenuates the distal-to-proximal redistribution in older adults. Gait & Posture, 71, 44\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2019.04.011"},{"issue":"Pt. B","key":"r8","series-title":"Neuropsychologia,","first-page":"332","article-title":"Clinical impact of gait training enhanced with visual kinematic biofeedback: Patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease and patients stable post stroke","volume":"79","author":"Byl, N.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Byl, N., Zhang, W., Coo, S., & Tomizuka, M. (2015). Clinical impact of gait training enhanced with visual kinematic biofeedback: Patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease and patients stable post stroke. Neuropsychologia, 79(Pt. B), 332\u2013343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2015.04.020"},{"issue":"1","key":"r9","series-title":"Gait & Posture,","first-page":"51","article-title":"Gait differences between individuals with post-stroke hemiparesis and non-disabled controls at matched speeds","volume":"22","author":"Chen, G.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chen, G., Patten, C., Kothari, D.H., & Zajac, F.E. (2005). Gait differences between individuals with post-stroke hemiparesis and non-disabled controls at matched speeds. Gait & Posture, 22(1), 51\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2004.06.009"},{"key":"r11","series-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen, J.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cohen, J. (2013). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Taylor & Francis. https:\/\/books.google.co.jp\/books?id=cIJH0lR33bgC"},{"issue":"1","key":"r12","series-title":"Journal of Aging and Physical Activity,","first-page":"1","article-title":"Increasing the propulsive demands of walking to their maximum elucidates functionally limiting impairments in older adult gait","volume":"28","author":"Conway, K.A.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Conway, K.A., & Franz, J.R. (2020). Increasing the propulsive demands of walking to their maximum elucidates functionally limiting impairments in older adult gait. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 28(1), 1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/japa.2018-0327"},{"issue":"5","key":"r13","series-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology,","first-page":"1804","article-title":"Age causes a redistribution of joint torques and powers during gait","volume":"88","author":"DeVita, P.","year":"2000","unstructured":"DeVita, P., & Hortobagyi, T. (2000). Age causes a redistribution of joint torques and powers during gait. Journal of Applied Physiology, 88(5), 1804\u20131811. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jappl.2000.88.5.1804"},{"issue":"1","key":"r14","series-title":"Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing,","first-page":"1","article-title":"First in vivo assessment of \u201cOutwalk\u201d: A novel protocol for clinical gait analysis based on inertial and magnetic sensors","volume":"48","author":"Ferrari, A.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ferrari, A., Cutti, A.G., Garofalo, P., Raggi, M., Heijboer, M., Cappello, A., & Davalli, A. (2010). First in vivo assessment of \u201cOutwalk\u201d: A novel protocol for clinical gait analysis based on inertial and magnetic sensors. Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, 48(1), 1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11517-009-0544-y"},{"issue":"1","key":"r15","series-title":"Clinical Biomechanics,","first-page":"68","article-title":"Real-time feedback enhances forward propulsion during walking in old adults","volume":"29","author":"Franz, J.R.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Franz, J.R., Maletis, M., & Kram, R. (2014). Real-time feedback enhances forward propulsion during walking in old adults. Clinical Biomechanics, 29(1), 68\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2013.10.018"},{"issue":"3","key":"r16","series-title":"Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation,","first-page":"186","article-title":"Effects of real-time gait biofeedback on paretic propulsion and gait biomechanics in individuals post-stroke","volume":"25","author":"Genthe, K.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Genthe, K., Schenck, C., Eicholtz, S., Zajac-Cox, L., Wolf, S., & Kesar, T.M. (2018). Effects of real-time gait biofeedback on paretic propulsion and gait biomechanics in individuals post-stroke. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, 25(3), 186\u2013193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10749357.2018.1436384"},{"issue":"1","key":"r17","series-title":"Gerontology,","first-page":"74","article-title":"Effects of wearable sensor-based balance and gait training on balance, gait, and functional performance in healthy and patient populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"64","author":"Gordt, K.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gordt, K., Gerhardy, T., Najafi, B., & Schwenk, M. (2018). Effects of wearable sensor-based balance and gait training on balance, gait, and functional performance in healthy and patient populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Gerontology, 64(1), 74\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000481454"},{"issue":"4","key":"r18","series-title":"European Journal of Applied Physiology,","first-page":"805","article-title":"Age and muscle strength mediate the age-related biomechanical plasticity of gait","volume":"116","author":"Hortobagyi, T.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hortobagyi, T., Rider, P., Gruber, A.H., & DeVita, P. (2016). Age and muscle strength mediate the age-related biomechanical plasticity of gait. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 116(4), 805\u2013814. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00421-015-3312-8"},{"issue":"4","key":"r19","series-title":"Gait & Posture,","first-page":"883","article-title":"Stride length-cadence relationship is disrupted in below-knee prosthesis users","volume":"38","author":"Howard, C.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Howard, C., Wallace, C., & Stokic, D.S. (2013). Stride length-cadence relationship is disrupted in below-knee prosthesis users. Gait & Posture, 38(4), 883\u2013887. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2013.04.008"},{"key":"r20","series-title":"Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation,","article-title":"Mechanisms to increase propulsive force for individuals poststroke","volume":"12,","author":"Hsiao, H.","year":"2015a","unstructured":"Hsiao, H., Knarr, B.A., Higginson, J.S., & Binder-Macleod, S.A. (2015a). Mechanisms to increase propulsive force for individuals poststroke. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 12, Article 40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12984-015-0030-8"},{"key":"r21","series-title":"Human Movement Science,","first-page":"212","article-title":"The relative contribution of ankle moment and trailing limb angle to propulsive force during gait","volume":"39,","author":"Hsiao, H.","year":"2015b","unstructured":"Hsiao, H., Knarr, B.A., Higginson, J.S., & Binder-Macleod, S.A. (2015b). The relative contribution of ankle moment and trailing limb angle to propulsive force during gait. Human Movement Science, 39, 212\u2013221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.humov.2014.11.008"},{"issue":"3","key":"r22","series-title":"Journal of Biomechanics,","first-page":"388","article-title":"Mechanisms used to increase peak propulsive force following 12-weeks of gait training in individuals poststroke","volume":"49","author":"Hsiao, H.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hsiao, H., Knarr, B.A., Pohlig, R.T., Higginson, J.S., & Binder-Macleod, S.A. (2016). Mechanisms used to increase peak propulsive force following 12-weeks of gait training in individuals poststroke. Journal of Biomechanics, 49(3), 388\u2013395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2015.12.040"},{"issue":"6","key":"r23","series-title":"Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases,","first-page":"265","article-title":"Effects of isokinetic strength training on walking in persons with stroke: A double-blind controlled pilot study","volume":"10","author":"Kim, C.M.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kim, C.M., Eng, J.J., MacIntyre, D.L., & Dawson, A.S. (2001). Effects of isokinetic strength training on walking in persons with stroke: A double-blind controlled pilot study. Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases, 10(6), 265\u2013273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/jscd.2001.123775"},{"key":"r24","series-title":"Journal of Biomechanics,","first-page":"90","article-title":"The relationships between physical capacity and biomechanical plasticity in old adults during level and incline walking","volume":"69,","author":"Kuhman, D.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kuhman, D., Willson, J., Mizelle, J.C., & DeVita, P. (2018). The relationships between physical capacity and biomechanical plasticity in old adults during level and incline walking. Journal of Biomechanics, 69, 90\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.01.006"},{"issue":"3","key":"r25","series-title":"Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback,","first-page":"211","article-title":"Comparison of the immediate effects of audio, visual, or audiovisual gait biofeedback on propulsive force generation in able-bodied and post-stroke individuals","volume":"45","author":"Liu, J.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, J., Kim, H.B., Wolf, S.L., & Kesar, T.M. (2020). Comparison of the immediate effects of audio, visual, or audiovisual gait biofeedback on propulsive force generation in able-bodied and post-stroke individuals. Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 45(3), 211\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10484-020-09464-1"},{"key":"r26","series-title":"Gait & Posture,","first-page":"107","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of real-time propulsive force versus limb angle gait biofeedback on gait biomechanics","volume":"83,","author":"Liu, J.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu, J., Santucci, V., Eicholtz, S., & Kesar, T.M. (2021). Comparison of the effects of real-time propulsive force versus limb angle gait biofeedback on gait biomechanics. Gait & Posture, 83, 107\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.10.014"},{"issue":"10","key":"r27","series-title":"Medical Engineering & Physics,","first-page":"1312","article-title":"Walking speed estimation using foot-mounted inertial sensors: Comparing machine learning and strap-down integration methods","volume":"36","author":"Mannini, A.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mannini, A., & Sabatini, M.A. (2014). Walking speed estimation using foot-mounted inertial sensors: Comparing machine learning and strap-down integration methods. Medical Engineering & Physics, 36(10), 1312\u20131321. https:\/\/10.1016\/j.medengphy.2014.07.022"},{"issue":"19","key":"r28","series-title":"Applied Sciences,","article-title":"For patients with stroke, balance ability affects the leg extension angle on the affected side","volume":"12","author":"Matsuzawa, Y.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Matsuzawa, Y., Miyazaki, T., Takeshita, Y., Araki, S., Nakatsuji, S., Fukunaga, S., Kawada, M., & Kiyama, R. (2022). For patients with stroke, balance ability affects the leg extension angle on the affected side. Applied Sciences, 12(19), Article 9466. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app12199466"},{"issue":"11","key":"r29","series-title":"Medicina,","article-title":"Effect of leg extension angle on knee flexion angle during swing phase in post-stroke gait","volume":"57","author":"Matsuzawa, Y.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Matsuzawa, Y., Miyazaki, T., Takeshita, Y., Higashi, N., Hayashi, H., Araki, S., Nakatsuji, S., Fukunaga, S., Kawada, M., & Kiyama, R. (2021). Effect of leg extension angle on knee flexion angle during swing phase in post-stroke gait. Medicina, 57(11), Article 1222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/medicina57111222"},{"issue":"1","key":"r30","series-title":"Gait & Posture,","first-page":"265","article-title":"Test-retest reliability of three dimensional gait analysis: Including a novel approach to visualising agreement of gait cycle waveforms with Bland and Altman plots","volume":"39","author":"Meldrum, D.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Meldrum, D., Shouldice, C., Conroy, R., Jones, K., & Forward, M. (2014). Test-retest reliability of three dimensional gait analysis: Including a novel approach to visualising agreement of gait cycle waveforms with Bland and Altman plots. Gait & Posture, 39(1), 265\u2013271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2013.07.130"},{"key":"r31","series-title":"BioMed Research International,","article-title":"Validity of measurement for trailing limb angle and propulsion force during gait using a magnetic inertial measurement unit","volume":"2019,","author":"Miyazaki, T.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Miyazaki, T., Kawada, M., Nakai, Y., Kiyama, R., & Yone, K. (2019). Validity of measurement for trailing limb angle and propulsion force during gait using a magnetic inertial measurement unit. BioMed Research International, 2019, Article 8123467. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/8123467"},{"issue":"22","key":"r32","series-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,","article-title":"The relationship between leg extension angle at late stance and knee flexion angle at swing phase during gait in community-dwelling older adults","volume":"18","author":"Miyazaki, T.","year":"2021a","unstructured":"Miyazaki, T., Kiyama, R., Nakai, Y., Kawada, M., Takeshita, Y., Araki, S., Hayashi, H., Higashi, N., & Makizako, H. (2021a). The relationship between leg extension angle at late stance and knee flexion angle at swing phase during gait in community-dwelling older adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(22), Article 11925. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph182211925"},{"issue":"11","key":"r33","series-title":"Healthcare,","article-title":"Relationships between gait regularity and cognitive function, including cognitive domains and mild cognitive impairment, in community-dwelling older people","volume":"9","author":"Miyazaki, T.","year":"2021b","unstructured":"Miyazaki, T., Kiyama, R., Nakai, Y., Kawada, M., Takeshita, Y., Araki, S., & Makizako, H. (2021b). Relationships between gait regularity and cognitive function, including cognitive domains and mild cognitive impairment, in community-dwelling older people. Healthcare, 9(11), Article 1571. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare9111571"},{"issue":"6","key":"r34","series-title":"Stroke,","first-page":"1404","article-title":"High-intensity resistance training improves muscle strength, self-reported function, and disability in long-term stroke survivors","volume":"35","author":"Ouellette, M.M.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ouellette, M.M., LeBrasseur, N.K., Bean, J.F., Phillips, E., Stein, J., Frontera, W.R., & Fielding, R.A. (2004). High-intensity resistance training improves muscle strength, self-reported function, and disability in long-term stroke survivors. Stroke, 35(6), 1404\u20131409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.STR.0000127785.73065.34"},{"issue":"4","key":"r35","series-title":"Gait & Posture,","first-page":"451","article-title":"Leg extension is an important predictor of paretic leg propulsion in hemiparetic walking","volume":"32","author":"Peterson, C.L.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Peterson, C.L., Cheng, J., Kautz, S.A., & Neptune, R.R. (2010). Leg extension is an important predictor of paretic leg propulsion in hemiparetic walking. Gait & Posture, 32(4), 451\u2013456. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2010.06.014"},{"issue":"1","key":"r36","series-title":"Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation,","article-title":"Indirect measurement of anterior-posterior ground reaction forces using a minimal set of wearable inertial sensors: From healthy to hemiparetic walking","volume":"17","author":"Revi, D.A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Revi, D.A, Alvarez, A.M, Walsh C.J, De Rossi, A.M.M, & Awad, L.N. (2020). Indirect measurement of anterior-posterior ground reaction forces using a minimal set of wearable inertial sensors: From healthy to hemiparetic walking. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 17(1), Article 82. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12984-020-00700-7"},{"key":"r37","series-title":"Gait & Posture,","first-page":"164","article-title":"Effectiveness of gait retraining interventions in individuals with hip or knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"95,","author":"Rynne, R.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rynne, R., Le Tong, G., Cheung, R.T.H., & Constantinou, M. (2022). Effectiveness of gait retraining interventions in individuals with hip or knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gait & Posture, 95, 164\u2013175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.04.013"},{"issue":"1","key":"r38","series-title":"Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation,","article-title":"Effects of unilateral real-time biofeedback on propulsive forces during gait","volume":"14","author":"Schenck, C.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schenck, C., & Kesar, T.M. (2017). Effects of unilateral real-time biofeedback on propulsive forces during gait. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 14(1), Article 52. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12984-017-0252-z"},{"issue":"1","key":"r39","series-title":"Journal of Physiotherapy,","first-page":"11","article-title":"Biofeedback improves performance in lower limb activities more than usual therapy in people following stroke: A systematic review","volume":"63","author":"Stanton, R.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stanton, R., Ada, L., Dean, C.M., & Preston, E. (2017). Biofeedback improves performance in lower limb activities more than usual therapy in people following stroke: A systematic review. Journal of Physiotherapy, 63(1), 11\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jphys.2016.11.006"},{"issue":"4","key":"r40","series-title":"Clinical Rehabilitation,","first-page":"360","article-title":"Efficacy of an insole shoe wedge and augmented pressure sensor for gait training in individuals with stroke: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"25","author":"Sungkarat, S.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sungkarat, S., Fisher, B.E., & Kovindha, A. (2011). Efficacy of an insole shoe wedge and augmented pressure sensor for gait training in individuals with stroke: A randomized controlled trial. Clinical Rehabilitation, 25(4), 360\u2013369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0269215510386125"},{"issue":"1","key":"r41","series-title":"Arthritis Research & Therapy,","article-title":"Strategies for increasing gait speed in patients with hip osteoarthritis: Their clinical significance and effects on hip loading","volume":"23","author":"Tateuchi, H.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tateuchi, H., Akiyama, H., Goto, K., So, K., Kuroda, Y., & Ichihashi, N. (2021). Strategies for increasing gait speed in patients with hip osteoarthritis: Their clinical significance and effects on hip loading. Arthritis Research & Therapy, 23(1), Article 129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13075-021-02514-x"},{"issue":"9","key":"r42","series-title":"Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,","first-page":"1127","article-title":"Relationships between muscle activity and anteroposterior ground reaction forces in hemiparetic walking","volume":"88","author":"Turns, L.J.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Turns, L.J., Neptune, R.R., & Kautz, S.A. (2007). Relationships between muscle activity and anteroposterior ground reaction forces in hemiparetic walking. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 88(9), 1127\u20131135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.05.027"},{"issue":"9","key":"r43","series-title":"PLoS One,","article-title":"Associations between lower-limb muscle activation and knee flexion in post-stroke individuals: A study on the stance-to-swing phases of gait","volume":"12","author":"Wang, W.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang, W., Li, K., Yue, S., Yin, C., & Wei, N. (2017). Associations between lower-limb muscle activation and knee flexion in post-stroke individuals: A study on the stance-to-swing phases of gait. PLoS One, 12(9), Article e0183865. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0183865"},{"issue":"1","key":"r44","series-title":"Motor Control,","first-page":"21","article-title":"Sensory interactions for head and trunk control in space in young and older adults during normal and narrow-base walking","volume":"20","author":"Zang, F.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zang, F., & Deshpande, N. (2016). Sensory interactions for head and trunk control in space in young and older adults during normal and narrow-base walking. Motor Control, 20(1), 21\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/mc.2014-0046"},{"issue":"Pt. 23","key":"r45","series-title":"The Journal of Experimental Biology,","first-page":"3676","article-title":"A unified perspective on ankle push-off in human walking","volume":"219","author":"Zelik, K.E.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zelik, K.E., & Adamczyk, P.G. (2016). A unified perspective on ankle push-off in human walking. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 219(Pt. 23), 3676\u20133683. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jeb.140376"}],"container-title":["Motor Control"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/mcj\/27\/4\/article-p844.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/mcj\/27\/4\/article-p844.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/mcj\/27\/4\/article-p844.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T21:56:01Z","timestamp":1695851761000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.humankinetics.com\/view\/journals\/mcj\/27\/4\/article-p844.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/mc.2022-0122","relation":{},"ISSN":["1087-1640","1543-2696"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1087-1640","type":"print"},{"value":"1543-2696","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]}}}