{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T19:33:18Z","timestamp":1758396798140},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this article has been to classify swimmers based on kinematics, hydrodynamics, and anthropometrics. Sixty-seven young swimmers made a maximal 25 m front-crawl to measure with a speedometer the swimming velocity (<jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>), speed-fluctuation (<jats:italic>dv<\/jats:italic>) and <jats:italic>dv<\/jats:italic> normalized to <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>dv<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>). Another two 25 m bouts with and without carrying a perturbation device were made to estimate active drag coefficient (<jats:italic>C<jats:sub>D<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub>). Trunk transverse surface area (<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>) was measured with photogrammetric technique on land and in the hydrodynamic position. Cluster 1 was related to swimmers with a high speed fluctuation (ie, <jats:italic>dv<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>dv\/v<\/jats:italic>), cluster 2 with anthropometrics (ie, <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>) and cluster 3 with a high hydrodynamic profile (ie, <jats:italic>C<jats:sub>D<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub>). The variable that seems to discriminate better the clusters was the <jats:italic>dv\/v<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> = 53.680; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001), followed by the <jats:italic>dv<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> = 28.506; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001), <jats:italic>C<jats:sub>D<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> = 21.025; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001), <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> = 6.297; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .01) and <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> = 5.375; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .01). Stepwise discriminant analysis extracted 2 functions: Function 1 was mainly defined by <jats:italic>dv\/v<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic> (74.3% of variance), whereas function 2 was mainly defined by <jats:italic>C<jats:sub>D<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic><jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub> (25.7% of variance). It can be concluded that kinematics, hydrodynamics and anthropometrics are determinant domains in which to classify and characterize young swimmers\u2019 profiles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.2013-0038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T13:12:21Z","timestamp":1406898741000},"page":"310-315","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Young Swimmers\u2019 Classification Based on Kinematics, Hydrodynamics, and Anthropometrics"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Tiago M.","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Nanyang Technological University"},{"name":"7Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD)"}]},{"given":"Jorge E.","family":"Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Polytechnic Institute of Bragan\u00e7a"},{"name":"7Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD)"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio J.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Polytechnic Institute of Guarda"},{"name":"7Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD)"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Goncalves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Polytechnic Institute of Bragan\u00e7a"},{"name":"4Robis Research Group from INESC TEC"}]},{"given":"Daniel A.","family":"Marinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5University of Beira Interior"},{"name":"7Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD)"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio J.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro"},{"name":"7Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development (CIDESD)"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.2165\/11319430-000000000-00000","volume":"40","author":"Phillips 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