{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T17:13:20Z","timestamp":1778087600063,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Human Kinetics","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    Examine the internal structure of Test of Gross Motor Development-3 through Confirmatory Factorial Analysis (CFA) and Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) in Brazilian children.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Design<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    Cross-sectional study.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    Participants were 1,454 children (girls,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009742, 51%), aged from 3 to 10.9\u00a0years old, from all five Brazilian macroregions (North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast, and South). Five models were tested: Unidimensional, two first-order factor, and Bifactor models from CFA and two first-order and Bifactor models from the ESEM approach.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    Among the CFA approaches, the bifactor CFA model (Comparative Fit Index\u2009=\u2009.91, Tucker\u2013Lewis\u2019s index\u2009=\u2009.90, root mean square error of approximation\u2009=\u2009.05) demonstrated better fit. Among the ESEM models, the bifactor-ESEM model (Comparative Fit Index\u2009=\u2009.97, Tucker\u2013Lewis\u2019s index\u2009=\u2009.94, root mean square error of approximation\u2009=\u2009.05) presented the best fit.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>\n                      :\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    Results supported the validity evidence of a bifactor representation of the Test of Gross Motor Development-3, revealing the presence of a potential global motor skills factor encompassing shared motor components, beyond locomotor and ball skills dimensions. These shared motor components could be understood as the foundational actions that emphasize the role of shared constraints and actions across motor tasks.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1123\/jmld.2025-0053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T05:49:23Z","timestamp":1765950563000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Validity Evidence Based on Internal Structure of Test of Gross Motor Development-3: A Confirmatory Factorial Analysis and Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling Approaches"],"prefix":"10.1123","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3570-8493","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Glauber Carvalho","family":"Nobre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7655-8583","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marcelo Gon\u00e7alves","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4947-9329","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Clarice Maria","family":"de Lucena Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Porto University, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6412-5206","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nadia Cristina","family":"Valentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Superior School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"}]}],"member":"100","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"r1","series-title":"Structural Equation Modeling,","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1080\/10705510903008204","article-title":"Exploratory structural equation modeling","volume":"16","author":"Asparouhov, T.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Asparouhov, T., & Muth\u00e9n, B. 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